华南地壳演化过程及其构造格架

华南大陆基底由两大块体联合组成：即古扬子块和武夷块。古扬子块基底岩石主要为太古宙灰色片麻岩,古、中元古代科马提绿岩,新元古代蛇绿岩绿岩组成。而武夷块由角闪岩、变粒岩、浅粒岩等组成。地壳生长由西北向东南,由老到新具有由原始未分异地幔向超镁铁质→偏硅铝质→碱质前进演化。在华南大陆形成过程中,主要构造事件为两次碰撞、三次裂解的主体构造格局。大陆生长和构造动力机制均受地幔柱迁移所控制。燕山期以后,华南形成的构造格局为：扬子—特提斯构造域及太平洋构造域。     

Sulfide-melt inclusions in mantle xenoliths of Hannuoba, China

Sulfide fluid incluision study on mantle xenoliths of Hannouba has been carried out by EPMA analysis. It is indicated that the Ni/Fe ratios of metal sulfides in sulfide-melt inclusions from Hannuoba seem to be related to host rocks. These data of lherzolite (pentlandite) are obviously higher than those of olivine pyroxenite (mainly pentlandite, partly pyrrhotine). The LRM analysis shows that sulfur (H₂S + SO₂) occupies larger proportion in gas composition of CO₂ fluid inclusions, generally more than mol 20%. This may be related to sulfide inclusions which are frequently found.     

苏北六和塔子山新生代玄武岩及其地幔捕虏体的岩相学特征

结合野外产状,通过对塔子山新生代玄武岩及其地幔捕虏体在显微镜下进行详细系统的岩相学研究,得到玄武岩为块状构造,斑状结构,大斑晶矿物主要是橄榄石、辉石;基质呈玻晶交织结构或间粒-间隐结构,主要是长柱状长石、双锥状六边形橄榄石、辉石、少量副矿物和玻璃质。玄武岩携带的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩捕虏体,以镶嵌不等粒状结构为主,主要由橄榄石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石和少量尖晶石组成。     

商都坳陷浅层CO_2气藏成因与典型气藏分析

商都地区CO2气藏的气体组分主要为CO2,体积分数为87.0%～99.9%,碳同位素δ13C值分布在-5.2‰～-6.5‰之间,氦同位素3He/4He体积比分布在(1.69～3.35)×10-6之间,为典型幔源CO2气.乌兰哈达-高勿素断裂是一条长期活动的超深断裂,不仅控制着盆地沉积和演化,而且输导了多期次岩浆活动,提供了幔源CO2运移通道.商都坳陷新生代沉积演化有利于储盖组合的发育,具有良好的CO2气藏形成条件.通过对典型CO2气藏解剖,其具有气藏浅、产量高的特点.SZ5井累计产气量是容积法计算储量的2.23倍,认为存在幔源CO2的不断补充.     

S-wave velocity of the crust around Tianshan Mountains inverted from seismic ambient noise tomography

We process ambient noise data from seismic stations deployed in central Asia to determine the crustal shear wave velocity structure beneath the Tianshan Mountians and surrounding area. About 748 inter-station Rayleigh wave empirical Green’s functions have been recovered to estimate the phase velocity dispersions over periods from 6 to 50 s using the image transformation technique. Results show that for short periods (6–20 s), the distribution of Rayleigh wave phase velocities is generally consistent with surface geology, with high velocities corresponding to mountain ranges and low velocities to sedimentary basins. Along two profiles, which trend from NE-SW and NW-SE, the shear wave velocity shows a pair of high velocity anomalies dipping in opposite directions beneath the Tianshan Mountains. At shallow depths, those high velocity anomalies roughly correlate with areas where the mountain front and the surrounding basin are connected. The profiles also show a narrow zone beneath the Tianshan Mountains, which may represent a route for the upwelling from upper mantle. Those observations suggest that the underthrusting of the Tarim Basin and Kazakh Shield combine with the weakness of the crust, which is heated by the upwelling from upper mantle, may play an important role on the reactivation of the Tianshan Mountains associated with the India-Eurasia collision.     

Fluid/melt inclusions in Cenozoic mantle xenoliths from Linqu,Shandong Province,eastern China: Implications for asthenosphere-lithosphere interactions

Fluid and melt inclusions in mantle xenoliths are thought as direct samples to study mantle liquids. Here we apply Raman mi- crospectroscopy and microthermometry to fluid/melt inclusions in lherzolite xenoliths in Qiaoshan basalts, a Miocene volcano in Linqu, Shandong Province, eastern China. These inclusions include (1) early CO2 fluid inclusions, (2) early carbonate melt inclu-sions, (3) late CO2 fluid inclusions, and (4) late silicate melt inclusions. Among the early CO2 fluid inclusions, most consist of...     

Palaeogeothermal response and record of the effusing of Emeishan basalts in the Sichuan basin

Thermal history of the Sichuan basin is reconstructed based on vitrinite reflectance from boreholes in the basin using a paleo-heat flow method.The results show that the Sichuan basin experienced a relatively low heat flow period in the Early Paleozoic,and an elevated paleo-heat flow,ranging 60-80 mW/m2 with a maximum as high as 100 mW/m2 around 259 Ma,from the beginning of the Late Paleozoic to the end of the early Permian,and a decreased paleo-heat flow from the late Permian to the late Triassic,and then ...     

海水珍珠分泌细胞在白云岩表面的沉积序列

采用“平板珍珠”研究方法,将白云岩平板插入和固定在马氏珠母贝Pinctadamartcnsij（Dunkcr）的内表面,获得不同阶段的平板珍珠、采用扫描电子显徽镜观察在平板珍珠形成过程中沉积序列,旨在阐明海水珍珠的形成机理。为开发新型珠核材料提供理论指导。     

“石油无机成因说”的理论与实践

对石油的无机成因理论进行了评述,其中包括地幔脱气论、中地壳与费-托合成说、板块构造与费-托合成说.沥青、原油、干酪根的Pb-Sr-Nd同位素,原油及沥青中高含量的微量元素以及原油中的有机化合物均揭示了原油无机生成的科学依据,这是中国科学家对石油地质学的重大贡献.石油的无机成因理论是可以指导油气勘探的,并以辽宁义县-北票地区、苏南地区、鄂尔多斯盆地伊盟隆起、四川松潘-甘孜褶皱带、柴达木盆地为例讨论了寻找大油气田的可能性.     

He-Ar isotopic system of fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in south margin of North China Block and its trace to metallogenetic and geodynamic background

The helium and argon isotopic compositions of the ore-forming fluids from the molybdenum deposits such as Jinduicheng, Donggou, Shijiawan, and Sandaozhuang, which are located in the East Qinling molybdenum belt in south margin of North China Block （SMCNB）, are reported in this paper. The origin and the evolution of the ore-forming fluids and their coupled-relationships with the intra-continental collision and orogenic process of Qinling Orogen in Mesozoic-Cenozoic have been discussed. The 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar values （3He/4He=1.38-3.64 Ra, and 40Ar/36Ar=295.68-346.39, respectively） of the fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in East Qinling suggest that, the ore-forming fluid system is mixed by two end members. One is the high temperature deep-derived fluid congenetic with the porphyries generated by crust-mantle mixing, and the other is the low-temperature meteoric water which is rich in crustal radiogenic He with the component of atmospheric Ar. From the Pb isotopic composition, and ore-bearing potential of the porphyry and the regional stratum, we can conclude that the ore-forming materials of the deposits in the East Qinling molybdenum belt are derived from the deep source by the mixing of lower crust and upper mantle. Therefore, the formation of the molybdenum deposits in SMNCB can be related to the crust-mantle interaction, which is accompanied by the intra-continental orogenic and extension process in the post-collision period of Qinling Orogen. The granitic porphyries which are related to Mo mineralization are not simple crust-remelting type granites or S type granites, but belong to syntexis-type or mantle-derived granites, hence their formation has a profound and regional geodynamic background.