铝合金直接氧化形成SiC/Al_2O_3/Al复合材料的微观结构

采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜及金相显微镜对铝合金直接氧化渗入SiC预制体形成的SiC/Al2 O3/Al复合材料进行了分析 ,发现该材料由α Al2 O3、SiC、Al4 O4 C、Al和Si五相组成 .α Al2 O3为骨架相 ,三维连通 ,其晶界纯净 ,Al、Si以包裹相形式出现在α Al2 O3晶粒中 ;SiC相也是主要相 ,呈孤岛状 ;Al4 O4 C相的出现 ,说明在该材料的生长过程中 ,SiC颗粒与Al和O2 发生了反应 .     

Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系铝合金微合金化的研究进展

就单一合金元素及复合多种合金元素对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系铝合金的铸态组织、析出相、力学性能及腐蚀性能的影响进行综述。单独加入稀土元素Er,Ce,Ho,Sc等,可以净化基体,使合金熔铸缺陷明显减少,细化晶粒,促进合金元素在基体中的固溶,使晶界减少偏析;单独加入微量的Zr,可以提高合金的再结晶温度,抗拉强度,应力腐蚀能力;复合添加稀土及其他微量合金元素,对提高铝合金的综合性能更为有效。     

焊接工艺对镍基焊缝气孔的影响

针对镍基合金钨极氩弧焊焊缝中气孔形成的影响因素,采用高速摄像机、光学显微镜获得了气孔在熔池及焊缝中的形态及分布特征照片,研究了油污、送丝速度、保护气体和焊接电流等参数对熔池气泡的影响。结果表明：采用钨极氩弧焊对镍基合金焊接时,熔池表面有少量的气泡逸出,证明了焊缝金属中气孔源的存在;显微组织观察发现,有未及时逸出的气泡残留其中,但是利用UT,RT探伤手段无法检测出该类缺陷的存在;送丝速度和焊丝油污对焊缝金属中气孔的形成有明显的影响;适当调整其他焊接工艺参数对气孔影响均不显著。     

Ni-W-Co三元合金镀层电镀工艺的研究

采用电化学沉积法在316L不锈钢基体材料上制备Ni—W—Co三元合金镀层。利用正交试验初步确定电镀液的配方。通过拉伸试验和电化学腐蚀试验分别测试镀层的结合性能和耐腐蚀性能。另外,测试了镀层的显微硬度。结果表明,镀液主要成分对镀层粗糙度影响程度大小为：硫酸镍 > 柠檬酸钠 > 光亮剂1 > 光亮剂2。镀液pH为5.0～5.5、电流密度为3 A·dm^—2时,镀层抗拉强度可达21 MPa。镀液的pH为5.0时,镀层硬度值最高。Na₂WO₄含量为30 g·L^—1时,镀层硬度高达590（HV）。CoSO₄含量为30 g·L^—1时,镀层的耐蚀性能最佳。     

热处理对钎焊铝箔翅片料抗下垂性能的影响

研究了不同热处理工艺对热交换器用钎焊铝箔翅片料抗下垂性能的影响。结果表明：在钎焊升温过程中,材料的下垂主要分为3个阶段：未下垂阶段（室温～200℃）;加速下垂阶段（200℃～再结晶开始温度）;缓慢下垂阶段（再结晶开始温度以上）。增加冷轧压下量和进行成品退火,可以显著提高翅片料的抗下垂性能。     

镁基非晶合金的研究进展

近年来,Mg基非晶合金以低密度、高非晶形成能力等优点受到人们越来越多的关注。介绍了Mg基非晶合金的发展现状和现有的合金体系,综述了其力学性能的优势,指出了其应用过程中存在的问题。对其作为生物医用材料应用进行了探讨,并对今后发展进行了展望。     

微量镍元素添加对铁基非晶/纳米晶磁芯软磁性能的影响

用单辊法制备的宽20 mm,厚25μm的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9和Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材,绕制成外径为40 mm,内径为25 mm的环型磁芯,然后将磁芯在不同的温度下进行退火处理,研究了微量Ni元素添加对合金带材的晶化行为以及对横向磁场退火后的非晶/纳米晶磁芯的软磁性能的影响。结果表明:与Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9合金带材相比,添加微量Ni元素的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8合金带材的一级起始晶化温度Tx1和一级晶化峰温度Tp1降低,其二级起始晶化温度Tx2和二级晶化峰温度Tp2升高,两级起始晶化温度之间的差值ΔTx增大;与横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9非晶/纳米晶磁芯相比,横向磁场退火后的Fe_(73.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(14.2)B_8非晶/纳米晶磁芯的起始磁导率μi和饱和磁感应强度Bs减小,矫顽力Hc增大;当测试频率f和最大磁感应强度Bm不变时,有效幅值磁导率μa增大,比总损耗Ps和矫顽力Hc减小;当测试频率f不变时,电感Ls和品质因数Q增大;当励磁电流I不变时,感应电动势E大。     

石墨烯复合材料在警车防弹防护方面的研究

研究警车高性能防弹防护材料应用技术,尝试采用石墨烯改性的方式对陶瓷及铝合金的强度、韧性性能进行了改性提升,利用石墨烯改性材料制备了复合防弹板,并进行了实弹射击试验,研究了防弹警车应用可行性.试验结果表明,石墨烯改性可以有效提高陶瓷的断裂韧度,以及铝合金的强度及弹性模量.经53式7.62 mm穿甲弹三次射击,靶板无穿透,用石墨烯改性陶瓷制备的防弹装甲板,可有效降低材料密度,大幅度提高防弹性能,对车辆防弹性能及轻量化技术研究具有一定的参考价值.     

Improved dehydriding property of polyvinylpyrrolidone coated Mg-Ni hydrogen storage nano-composite prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis and wet mechanical milling

In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) coated Mg_(95)Ni_5 nano-composites were prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis(HCS) plus wet mechanical milling(WM) with tetrahydrofuran(THF) and donated as WM-x wt% PVP(x = 1, 3, 5 and 7) respectively. The phase compositions, microstructures and dehydriding property, as well as the co-effect of PVP and THF were investigated in detail. XRD results showed that the average crystal size of MgH_2 in the milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 decreased from 23 nm without PVP to 18 nm with 1 wt% PVP. The peak temperature of dehydrogenation of MgH_2 in the milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 decreased from 293.0 ℃ without THF to 250.4 ℃ with THF. The apparent activation energy for decomposition of MgH_2 in WM-7 wt% PVP was estimated to be 66.94 kJ/mol, which is 37.70 kJ/mol lower than that of milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 without THF and PVP. PVP and THF can facilitate the refinement of particle size during mechanical milling process. Attributed to small particle sizes and synergistic effect of PVP and THF, the composites exhibit markedly improved dehydriding properties.     

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.