The Impact of Nanocomposite Materials on Lithium Ion Batteries

1 Results Lithiumion batteries have become the power source of choice for consumer electronic devices such as cell phones and laptop computers due to their high energy density and long cycle life. In addition,lithium-ion batteries are expected to be a major breakthrough in the hybrid vehicle field.Despite their successful commercial application,further performance improvement of the lithium ion battery is still required.Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies can lead to a new generation of lithium secondary...     

锂离子电池的发展现状及展望

锂离子电池具有比能量高、无记忆效应、工作电压高以及安全、长寿命的特点。本文回顾了锂离子电池的发展历史,分析了锂离子电池的工作原理,总结了锂离子电池的特点,综述了目前锂离子电池常用的正、负极电极材料和电解质,最后分析了锂离子电池目前存在的问题并对其未来的发展进行了展望。     

PLD制备LiMn2O4薄膜及参数对薄膜微观结构的影响

用脉冲激光沉积（PLD）,分别在不锈钢和单晶硅（111）衬底上生长了LiMn2O4薄膜,并对所生长LiMn2O4薄膜的结构进行了研究。结果发现,生长在不锈钢衬底上的薄膜具有粗糙的表面和随机的结晶取向,生长在单晶硅衬底上的薄膜具有相对光滑的表面,并具有明显的（111）方向上的择优取向。还研究了脉冲频率和总脉冲数对薄膜生长的影响,结果显示,在相同的沉积条件下,对于不同衬底,LiMn2O4薄膜的生长率不同;脉冲频率对薄膜生长的影响明显,在相同总脉冲数情况下,脉冲频率大,薄膜生长率明显增大。     

Solid electrolyte–electrode interface based on buffer therapy in solid-state lithium batteries

In the past few years, the all-solid lithium battery has attracted worldwide attentions, the ionic conductivity of some all-solid lithium-ion batteries has reached 10?3–10?2 S/cm, indicating that the transport of lithium ions in solid electrolytes is no longer a major problem. However, some interface issues become research hotspots. Examples of these interfacial issues include the electrochemical decomposition re-action at the electrode–electrolyte interface; the low effective contact area between the solid electrolyte and the electrode etc. In order to solve the issues, researchers have pursued many different approaches. The addition of a buffer layer between the electrode and the solid electrolyte has been at the center of this endeavor. In this review paper, we provide a systematic summarization of the problems on the electrode–solid electrolyte interface and detailed reflection on the latest works of buffer-based therapies, and the review will end with a personal perspective on the improvement of buffer-based therapies.     

Review of silicon-based alloys for lithium-ion battery anodes

Silicon (Si) is widely considered to be the most attractive candidate anode material for use in next-generation high-energy-density lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIBs) because it has a high theoretical gravimetric Li storage capacity, relatively low lithiation voltage, and abund-ant resources. Consequently, massive efforts have been exerted to improve its electrochemical performance. While some progress in this field has been achieved, a number of severe challenges, such as the element’s large volume change during cycling, low intrinsic electronic conduct-ivity, and poor rate capacity, have yet to be solved. Methods to solve these problems have been attempted via the development of nanosized Si materials. Unfortunately, reviews summarizing the work on Si-based alloys are scarce. Herein, the recent progress related to Si-based alloy an-ode materials is reviewed. The problems associated with Si anodes and the corresponding strategies used to address these problems are first de-scribed. Then, the available Si-based alloys are divided into Si/Li-active and inactive systems, and the characteristics of these systems are dis-cussed. Other special systems are also introduced. Finally, perspectives and future outlooks are provided to enable the wider application of Si-alloy anodes to commercial LIBs.     

锂离子电池LiFePO4/Li3V2(PO4)3复合正极材料的制备及性能研究

为了提高LiFePO₄正极材料的离子导电性，采用液相共沉淀法与碳热还原法制备一系列质量配比的LiFePO₄/Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃复合材料，通过X-射线衍射、扫描电镜、恒流充放电测试仪等分析测试手段测试样品。研究发现，m(LiFePO₄):m(Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃)=6:4时复合材料形貌较为规则且结晶度较高，在0.1C，1.0C，2.0C，5.0C，10.0C倍率下放电比容量可达148，136，130.5 ，121.5，112.3 mA·h·g-1，1C倍率下循环100次容量保持率仍可达98.5%，有效地解决了LiFePO₄离子电导率低的问题，推动了该复合正极材料在动力型锂离子电池中的应用。     

氧化钒簿膜电极在锂充电电池中的应用(英文)

鉴于氧化钒是应用于锂充电电池的最有希望的电极材料之一，采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法（ＰＥＣＶＤ）和激光溅射沉积法（ＰＬＤ），制备了不同的氧化钒薄膜，并研究了它们的电化学性质。这些薄膜具备较高的充放电容量和优良的充放电稳定性。晶体和非晶体的Ｖ２Ｏ５薄膜都可以用ＰＬＤ方法在２００℃和不同的气氛下制备。这些薄膜的充电容量可达３８０ｍＡ·ｈ／ｇ。所制备的最稳定的薄膜是用ＰＥＣＶＤ方法得到的。这些薄膜的Ｏ／Ｖ比很接近Ｖ６Ｏ１３（厚度约为０．５ｕｍ）。它们的放电容量可达４０８ｍＡ．ｈ／ｇ或１２６５ｍＡｈ／ｃｍ３，其能量密度可达９６０．３Ｗ．ｈ／ｋｇ。即使经过４４００次的充放电后，这些薄膜的放电容量仍基本不变。因此，ＰＥＣＶＤ方法及其用它所制备的氧化钒薄膜将是锂充电电池工业很有希望的一种选择。     

锂离子电池LiFePO4/Li3 V2(PO4)3复合正极材料的制备及性能研究

为了提高LiFePO₄正极材料的离子导电性，采用液相共沉淀法与碳热还原法制备一系列质量配比的LiFePO₄/Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃复合材料，通过X-射线衍射、扫描电镜、恒流充放电测试仪等分析测试手段测试样品。研究发现，m(LiFePO₄):m(Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃)=6:4时复合材料形貌较为规则且结晶度较高，在0.1C，1.0C，2.0C，5.0C，10.0C倍率下放电比容量可达148，136，130.5 ，121.5，112.3 mA·h·g-1，1C倍率下循环100次容量保持率仍可达98.5%，有效地解决了LiFePO₄离子电导率低的问题，推动了该复合正极材料在动力型锂离子电池中的应用。     

可用于航空锂电池正极材料LiFePO4氮掺杂碳包覆改性研究

以二氰二胺为氮掺杂剂,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了氮掺杂碳包覆LiFePO_4的复合材料,并且分析了氮掺杂量对电极材料结构与性能的影响。研究结果表明,柠檬酸和二氰二胺在高温下的原位分解使合成的LiFePO_4颗粒表面包覆了一层氮掺杂的碳膜,有效的增加了各颗粒间的电接触,改善了LiFePO_4的电化学性能。当氮掺杂量为0.35 wt%时,LiFePO_4@N_(0.35%)C样品具有最优良的电化学性能。在2.5~4.2 V的电压范围内,电极材料在0.1 C倍率下的首次放电比容量达到157.2 mAh/g,经过30个循环后放电容量基本不变。     

钒电池充放电测试系统及测试方法研究

为了检测钒电池的充放电性能,根据全钒液流电池的特点,标称出钒电池的额定参数。在不同电流密度下对单体钒电池进行充放电容量测试实验。比较了不同电流密度下的充电曲线,从理论上分析充电差异的原因,总结充电电流与钒电池容量的关系。实验表明,对钒电池进行充放电时采用的电流密度为60~80 m A/cm2之间的值,钒电池电学性能参数最佳。