麻蜥乳酸脱氨酶同工酶酶学性质比较研究

本文利用垂直极聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离麻蜥乳酸脱氢酶同工酶.研究了pH值、温度及底物浓度对同工酶的影响,比较了各同工酶的最适pH值,最适温度及米氏常数。     

卡拉白鱼同工酶的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板状连续电泳法,对卡拉白鱼(Chalcalburnus chalcoides aralensis)8种组织(眼睛、肌肉、心脏、肝脏、肾、脾、肠和脑)的7种同工酶进行研究.结果表明:卡拉白鱼的EST,LDH,MDH,ME,ADH,POD,SOD 7种同工酶均有不同程度的组织特异性;群体同工酶分析共记录23个基因座位,其中6个基因座位为多态,多态座位百分数P为26.09%,等位基因总数为29个,位点有效等位基因数Ne=1.26,研究表明,卡拉白鱼群体遗传多样性的水平较高.     

环境因子对栉孔扇贝种群基因的表达研究

采用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术研究了中国栉孔扇贝和日本栉孔扇贝两个天然种群的六种同工酶，结果表明：两个种群具有基本相同的基因位点控制同工酶的表达，二者都具有居群内的个体差异，日本栉孔扇贝自然种群的遗传交异明显高于中国栉孔扇贝自然种群，说明环境对栉孔扇贝种内种群的基因表达很大的影响。     

沙塘鳢不同组织同工酶生化表现型及遗传基础

采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法，对沙塘鳢（Odontobutis abscura）的消化道、心脏、肌肉、脾脏、肾脏、脑、肝脏、生殖腺和晶体9种组织的4种同工酶(EST、LDH、ADH、MDH)进行了研究，讨论了这几种同工酶在沙塘鳢不同组织中的分布以及遗传基础。EST有5个基因位点，单体酶；LDH只有1个基因位点，为四聚体酶；MDH为由3个基因位点控制的二聚体酶；ADH亦为二聚体酶，但仅在肝脏中得到表达。结果表明，同工酶的表达具有组织特异性。     

两种洗衣粉对泥鳅血清Pod同工酶表达的影响

为探讨洗衣粉对泥鳅血清同工酶表达的影响，选择两种不同的洗衣粉（代号为AJ、BJ）为材料，采用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（PAGE）电泳法研究洗衣粉对泥鳅血清过氧化物酶（POD）表达的影响．结果表明两种洗衣粉在不同浓度染毒下均使泥鳅血清过氧化物酶（POD）同工酶的酶活性变化显著，两种洗衣粉对泥鳅血清同工酶表达具有一定的影响，且不同洗衣粉对其影响程度不同．     

泡桐体细胞胚胎发生过程中过氧化物酶的变化

以毛泡桐、兰考泡桐和白花泡桐的叶片为外植体进行体细胞胚胎发生的诱导,探讨体胚发生过程中过氧化物酶同工酶的变化.结果表明,在兰考泡桐、白花泡桐和毛泡桐叶片体细胞胚胎发生过程中,均有4种过氧化物同工酶稳定出现在体胚发生的不同时期,反映出在泡桐体细胞胚胎发生过程中对这些酶的需求是稳定的.这些稳定出现的酶可能是维持细胞代谢的一些基因表达的产物.而其它种类的同工酶在体细胞胚发生的不同阶段出现或消失,有可能作为体细胞胚胎发生的标志酶.     

大麦、油菜的抗耐病性与过氧化物酶同工酶的关系

利用过氧化物酶同工酶分析比较了上海地区大麦抗、感黄花叶病的品种和油菜耐、感菌核病的品种间的酶谱差异。结果表明,两类作物的抗耐病性在酶谱上呈现相同趋势。感病品种的酶带数量和强度要高于抗耐病品种。试验显示,过氧化物酶同工酶分析可作为大麦、油菜抗病育种中的一个鉴定手段予以利用。     

Biochemical genetic differentiation among seed chalcid species of genusMegastigmus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae)

The degree of genetic variability and the taxonomic status of adults of 14 seed chalcid species of the genusMegastigmus was analyzed using electrophoresis on horizontal starch gel. Variability of chalcid populations with host tree was observed in 21 host species. A total of 13 enzyme loci were considered. Seven of the loci were found to be polymorphic. The electrophoretic data strongly supported the adaptation of each chalcid species to a limited number of congeneric hosts, and confirmed the morphologically-based taxonomy of the genus. The resulting dendrogram separated the chalcid species into three distinct groups, infesting 1) Pinaceae spp., 2) Cupressaceae spp., and 3) Angiosperm spp., respectively. The highest level of overall genetic similarity was observed among the chalcid populations infesting conifers of the generaPseudotsuga andAbies. The genetic identity values observed among populations infesting 5 differentAbies species tended to reflect the occurrence of conspecific populations rather than that of distinct chalcid species. Genetic identity was similarly important among the chalcid species infesting seeds of Cupressaceae. By contrast, a large genetic distance was observed between two seed chalcids attacking a same host,Rosa montana.     

大足蝠八种组织乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）同工酶比较研究

本文用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶盘电泳,对大足蝠8种组织的LDH同工酶进行了报道。大足蝠心肌、肾、脑、血清、睾丸、胸肌、大腿肌组织的LDH同工酶的5条主带,以H亚基的活性最高,肝组织的5条主带以M亚基的活性最高。值得注意的是,在血清的谱带中,在LDH_3和LDH_4之间,出现了一条额外的LDH_e带,在心肌、肝LDH中,还分别出现了一条向阳极泳动比LDH_1还快的带,暂称为LDH_0带。     

The affinities of European sand gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae)

The European ‘sand-goby’ genera, comprising the Atlantic-Mediterranean Pomatoschistus and Gobiusculus, Ponto-Caspian Knipowitschia and West Balkanian Economidichthys, are diagnosed, with special reference to patterns of infraorbital neuromast organs (sensory papillae). A survey of selected meristic features indicates synapomorphies in increased number of abdominal and caudal vertebrae, and additional interneural spaces between first and second dorsal fin pterygiophores. Absence of a crest-like postmaxillary process on the premaxilla was found to be another derived feature after a survey of this bone throughout the Gobioidei. Affinity with other Atlantic-Mediterranean genera (Deltentosteus, Buenia, Lebetus and, probably, Speleogobius) is established from both morphological and isozyme criteria. Using head lateral-line and meristic characters, as well as occurrence of the premaxilla crest, a search for a sister group has led to the Indo-Pacific Nesogobius, a genus endemic to southern Australian seas, and probable wider relationship to North-western Pacific endemic gobiids.