赤小豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂对人体精子体外抑制作用及其作用机理的初步探讨

本文首次报道,用从中药赤小豆(Phaseolus calcaratus Roxb)中提纯的胰蛋白酶抑制剂,剂量在400μg/0.2ml以上,在体外能全部抑制人体精子。该抑制剂对人体精子顶体粒蛋白亦有较强的抑制作用,初步探讨了它对人体精子顶体粒蛋白的抑制作用机理。通过进一步研究,赤小豆抑制荆可望成为一种新型的避孕药。     

Inhibitor of the oxidation of catechin released from the roots of corn seedlings

Summary When the specific activities of the catechin oxidases (catechin as the substrate) which were released from the roots of the seedlings of alfalfa, tomato, wheat, lettuce and corn were compared, it was found that the oxidizing activity was absent from the root exudate of corn seedlings. A 6.3 kDa protein was purified from the root exudate of corn seedlings and in the presence of this protein, the oxidation of catechin was inhibited. This inhibitor is responsible for the inability of the root exudate of corn seedlings to oxidize catechin.     

缓蚀阻垢剂的研究开发

评述了国内外近年来工业循环水处理中所使用的缓蚀阻垢剂的研究开发现状，重点介绍了共聚物缓蚀阻垢剂的研究发展，指出了国内水处理药剂所存在的问题，并提出了几点建议．     

用溶液聚合法合成高相对分子质量的原油降凝剂

在低压下以异丁醇为溶剂,采用溶液聚合法合成了平均相对分子质量较高的原油降凝剂乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA),探讨了合成条件对降凝剂EVA产量和性质的影响。实验结果表明,反应体系的压力从4MPa增加到11MPa时,EVA的产量从3.88g增加到11.6g,醋酸乙烯酯(VA)链节含量从25.2%下降到16.34%,平均相对分子质量从0.38×104增加到1.37×104;引发剂用量从0.05g增加到0.25g时,EVA的产量从6.0g增加到13.3g,VA链节含量保持在23.5%左右不变,平均相对分子质量从0.34×104增加到1.72×104。醋酸乙烯酯用量从9.5g增加到27.0g时,EVA的产量从4.79g增加到10.35g,VA链节含量从8.81%上升到22.2%,平均相对分子质量从0.63×104增加到1.51×104;反应体系的温度从333.5K上升到373.5K时,EVA的产量从14.33g下降到5.14g,平均相对分子质量从1.39×104减小到0.53×104,EVA分子结构中VA链节含量从16.8%上升到35.3%,总支化度从25.0CH3/(1000C)升高到72.9CH3/(1000C);反应体系的溶剂选用良溶剂时,EVA的平均相对分子质量较低,反应体系的溶剂选用非良溶剂时,EVA的平均相对分子质量较高。当苯作为溶剂时,得到的EVA的平均相对分子质量为4951;当异丙醇为溶剂时,EVA的平均相对分子质量为1.32×104。     

赤小豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂的分离纯化及其性质研究

用酸抽提、2.5％TCA热处理、硫酸铵盐析、凝胶层析和DEAE纤维素离子交换层析等方法,从中药赤小豆中分离得到一种胰蛋白酶抑制剂。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳呈单一谱带。经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法测定,其分子量为7400。N-末端分析和氨基酸组成测定结果表明,赤小豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂不含半胱氨酸和胱氨酸,是以酪氨酸为N-末端,由54个氨基酸残基组成的单一多肽链。它仅对胰蛋白酶有较强的抑制作用,对胰凝乳蛋白酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶均无明显的抑制活力,对热及酸碱亦较稳定。     

Interaction of BW755C,a potent inhibitor of lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase,with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase

Summary The interaction between BW755C (3-amino-1-[m-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-pyrazoline), a potent inhibitor of both lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase, and respiratory chain in mitochondria and electron transport particles (ETP) from rat livers was examined. BW755C accelerated the oxygen uptake by mitochondria without the addition of substrate for the respiratory chain. Spectrophotometric study revealed that BW755C was quickly oxidized by cytochrome oxidase in mitochondria to a compound possessing an absorption maximum at 524 nm. p-Phenylenediamine (p-diaminobenzene, PPDA), which, like BW755C, serves as an electron donor to cytoschrome oxidase, was shown to inhibit the generation of active oxygen in macrophages; the inhibition was stronger than that of BW755C. These results strongly suggest that the oxidative conversion of BW755C by mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase is associated with its potentially inhibitory action on the active oxygen-generating system in phagocytes.The authors are indebted to Dr M. Hori, Gifu College of Pharmacy and to Dr Y. Orii, Kyoto University for their kind supplies of BW755C and pure cytochrome oxidase, respectively.     

Cytokinesis in onion roots: Inhibition by vanadate and caffeine

Summary The effect of vanadate ions on plant cytokinesis has been studied inAllium cepa root meristematic cells. Vanadate induces binucleate cells by inhibiting cell plate formation. Moreover, vanadate and caffeine have additive effects in the induction of binucleate cells.     

阻燃聚丙烯塑料的研制

本文叙述了各阻燃剂的阻燃机理及其协同效应在阻燃聚丙烯塑料中的应用。重点介绍了各阻燃剂的复合来制造阻燃聚丙烯塑料的工艺、配方、性能和技术经济的评价。