高超声速飞行器自抗扰姿态控制器设计

针对高超声速飞行器无动力再入过程中具有强耦合、气动参数摄动及不确定性的非线性姿态模型,结合自抗扰控制中的扩张状态观测器(extended state observer, ESO)及非线性状态误差反馈律(nonlinear law state error feedback, NLSEF),分别设计了高超声速飞行器内环和外环自抗扰姿态控制器。将不确定性、耦合及参数摄动等干扰作为“总和干扰”利用扩张状态观测器进行估计并动态反馈补偿,再利用NLSEF抑制补偿残差。自抗扰控制器(active disturbance rejection control, ADRC)设计无需精确的飞行器被控模型,也无需精确的气动参数及摄动界限。仿真结果表明,控制系统能够克服干扰及气动参数大范围摄动的影响,在获取良好的动态品质和跟踪性能的同时,具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Multiobjective fault detection and isolation for flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle

An application of the multiobjective fault detection and isolation (FDI) approach to an air-breathing hypersonic vehicle (HSV) longitudinal dynamics subject to disturbances is presented. Maintaining sustainable and safe flight of HSV is a challenging task due to its strong coupling effects, variable operating conditions and possible failures of system components. A common type of system faults for aircraft including HSV is the loss of effectiveness of its actuators and sensors. To detect and isolate multiple actuator/sensor failures, a faulty linear parameter-varying (LPV) model of HSV is derived by converting actuator/system component faults into equivalent sensor faults. Then a bank of LPV FDI observers is designed to track individual fault with minimum error and suppress the effects of disturbances and other fault signals. The simulation results based on the nonlinear flexible HSV model and a nominal LPV controller demonstrate the effectiveness of the fault estimation technique for HSV.     

高超声速飞行器轨迹跟踪控制仿真研究

针对高超声速飞行器纵向模型的快时变、强耦合和高度非线性的特点,在考虑模型不确定性的情况下,采用李导数的方法对某型高超声速飞行器进行输入输出的精确线性化。基于线性化后的模型,提出一种非线性动态逆控制的方法,并对其稳定性进行分析,实现对该型高超声速飞行器的轨迹跟踪控制。并利用Matlab搭建仿真平台,仿真结果显示仿真平台的正确性和控制算法的有效性。     

驾驶员的驾驶品质对纯电动汽车能耗的影响

以济南市实际运行的纯电动物流用车为研究对象,分析了不同司机驾车行驶时能耗差别及影响因素,并对车辆加速度、车速、能量回馈、行驶工况及电机过载等因素对纯电动汽车能耗的影响规律进行了测试分析.通过整车控制器对电机过载转矩进行限制、增加超速模式等措施对能耗敏感的驾驶参数进行了优化.试验结果表明,优化后车辆能耗显著降低,有效减小了驾驶员驾驶特性对车辆能耗的影响,与原车相比能耗降低最高可达34.94%.      

道路货运车辆在青海高原环境下的油耗试验研究

在海拔2000米、3000米及4000米左右的青海高原地区,利用三轴、四轴重型车进行了油耗的实测试验,给出了该类车型在青海高原环境下道路运输中空载、满载下平均油耗的大概范围,为交通运输主管部门及车主提供一定的参考依据.     

基于双制动模式的电动汽车制动能量回收方法

针对电动汽车发展的问题,扼要地分析了电动汽车制动能量回收研究的重要性和必要性,简要分析了电动汽车制动能量回收技术的发展现状。在深入研究电动汽车制动能量回收技术的基础上,提出了基于双制动模式的电动汽车制动能量回收方法,介绍了其结构设计,重点论述了相关参数的确定方法。     

Research on TDM approach of sharing BRT-lane supported by vehicle-infrastructure integration

In order to increase the availability of the part-time idle bus rapid transit lane (BRT-lane),a time divi-sion multiplexing (TDM) method to share BRT-lane with the vehicles besides BRT buses is propose...     

高负荷单级风扇的高空高速特性研究

为适应飞机对高超音速的要求及高超音速飞行器的发展,文章利用NUMECA三维数值仿真软件,对某型高负荷单级风扇进行地面和高空20km、Ma为4的2种工况性能评估和流场分析。结果表明:从地面标准条件升至高空高速条件后,风扇流量衰减37%,峰值压比下降36%,峰值效率增大6.25%;风扇进口来流衰减为亚音速流,导致通过激波增压的超音速叶栅对来流的加功增压能力急剧下降,进而引起整级风扇性能的下降。     

Trajectory shaping guidance law based on virtual angle with terminal constraints

A trajectory shaping guidance law based on virtua angle （TSGLBVA） is proposed for a re-entry vehicle with the constraints of terminal impact angles and their time derivatives. In the view of differential properties of the maneuvering trajectory, a virtual angle and a virtual radius are defined. Also, the shaping trajectory of the vehicle is established by the polynomials of the virtual angle. Then, four optimized parameters are selected according to the theorem of parameters transformation presented in this paper. Finally, a convergent variant of the Nelder-Mead algorithm is adopted to obtain the reference trajectory, and a trajectory feedback tracking guidance law is designed. The simulation results demonstrate that the TSGLBVA ensures the re-entry vehicle to impact a target precisely from a specified direction with smal terminal load factor command, as well as to obtain a maximum or constrained terminal velocity according to various requirements.     

ISG型速度耦合混合动力系统全局最优控制方法

混合动力系统具有节能和环保优势,为了提高混合动力系统的燃油经济性,结合ISG(integrated starter generator)型速度耦合混合动力系统的结构,构建了系统动力学模型。利用动态规划方法,设计了以发动机节气门开度和电机转矩为控制变量,以发动机转速和电池SOC等为状态变量,以整个循环发动机燃油消耗最低为目标函数,电池SOC维持平衡和限制频繁换挡为附加代价函数的动态规划算法。仿真结果表明:与传统的基础车型相比,混合动力系统燃油经济性提高了35.5%。