大鼠记忆保持能力与相关脑区突触界面结构的相关性

采用一次性被动回避反应的大鼠模型，以ＳＴＬ为指标将大鼠发为记忆保持良好组和记忆保持低劣组。通过超微结构定量分析，发现记忆保持良好组海马ＣＡ３区和大脑皮质感觉运动区的突触后膜致密物质均显著地密于记忆保持低劣组。同时，记忆保持良好组出现了棘器和穿孔性突触，而记忆低劣组没有出现。另外，还测量了突触界面曲率、突触活性区长度和突触间隙宽度，所得数据在２组间无显著性差异。结果提示：突触后膜致密物质厚度与记忆保     

恐惧记忆的DNA甲基化机制研究进展

综述了在恐惧记忆发生过程中DNA甲基化可能的作用机制,指出了中枢神经系统DNA甲基化的改变可以调控基因转录和海马神经发生,甚至通过精子DNA甲基化水平的改变传递给后代,从而参与恐惧记忆的表观遗传修饰.临床研究表明:人类确实存在创伤后应激障碍的代际遗传现象,结合分子生物学的研究成果.探讨了未来有望在创伤后应激障碍等精神疾病诊治上取得的进展.     

慢性氟中毒致学习记忆损伤的脑内突触机制

探讨了慢性氟中毒致学习记忆损伤的脑内机制.选用初断乳雄性SD大鼠192只,随机分为4组:1个对照组,饮用自来水;3个分别饮用15,30和60 mg/L Na F溶液的染氟组.染氟期为18月.每3月用开场行为和Morris水迷宫法检测大鼠的学习记忆行为;分别在染氟中期(9月)和染氟结束后(18月)分2批断头处死大鼠,进行脑海马突触体膜流动性和海马CA3区突触后致密蛋白-95(PSD-95)表达水平等检测.结果表明:慢性氟中毒致大鼠自发活动和探究行为显著或极显著抑制,空间学习记忆能力显著下降;脑海马突触膜流动性、PSD-95表达水平均显著下降.提示慢性氟中毒致脑海马突触体膜流动性和突触后致密蛋白-95表达水平的改变可能是慢性氟中毒致学习记忆损伤的脑内突触机制之一.     

长期停训大鼠海马神经元细胞凋亡因子Bax、Bcl-2的表达

以不同强度训练大鼠停训28周为对象,应用免疫组织化学技术,探讨运动对大鼠海马神经元细胞凋亡因子Bax、Bcl-2表达的影响.参照Bedford训练方案,建立起Sprague dawley(SD)大鼠有氧训练与疲劳训练动物模型,停训28周后,观察大鼠海马神经元Bax、Bcl-2的表达变化.结果表明:长期有氧训练大鼠老年期海马神经元Bcl-2/Bax比值升高,长期疲劳训练大鼠老年期海马神经元Bcl-2/Bax比值下降.这是因为长期有氧训练促进了大鼠海马神经元产生了良好的适应,对大鼠老年期海马神经元起到保护和延缓其衰老的作用.而长期疲劳训练会影响到大鼠老年期海马神经细胞的功能状态.     

脉冲磁场对应激大鼠海马神经干细胞增殖的影响

建立大鼠束缚应激模型及脉冲磁场环境，观察应激大鼠在脉冲磁场环境中海马神经千细胞数及增殖变化．实验设对照、应激、磁场、应激磁场4个组，应用免疫组织化学法观察和计算各组海马巢蛋白（Nestin）和溴化脱氧核糖尿嘧啶（BrdU）的阳性细胞数．研究结果显示，Nestin在各组海马CA1和CA2区表达，BrdU在海马齿状回表达．实验各组Nestin和BrdU的阳性细胞比对照组明显增加，应激磁场组增加更显著，而磁场组和应激磁场组则无明显差异．这表明应激能引起大鼠海马神经千细胞内源性增殖，脉冲磁场能显著提高应激大鼠海马神经千细胞的增殖反应，提示在应激脑损伤的基础上，脉冲磁场作为外源性物理因素能刺激神经千细胞增殖，并可能修复受损神经元。     

Neurosteroid enhances glutamate release in rat prelimbic cortex via activation of α1-adrenergic and σ1 receptors

The present paper studied the effect and mechanism of neurosteroid pregnenolone sulfate (PREGS) on spontaneous glutamate release using electrophysiological and biochemical methods combined with a pharmacological approach. The results suggested that PREGS had a selective enhancing effect on spontaneous glutamate release in the prelimbic cortex and the hippocampus but not in the striatum. The effect of PREGS in the prelimbic cortex appeared to be via modulation of ₁-adrenergic and ₁ receptors, but in the hippocampus it might be dependent on ₁ receptors only. The activation of ₁-adrenergic receptors synergized ₁ receptor activation in the prelimbic cortex. Intracellular calcium released from the endoplasmic reticulum, protein kinase C, adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A played a key role in the effect of PREGS. Intracellular calcium, protein kinase C and adenylyl cyclase might be upstream events in the activation of protein kinase A after PREGS.Received 7 January 2005; received after revision 19 February 2005; accepted 22 February 2005 Available online 29 March 2005     

锌缺乏对海马锌离子及锌转运蛋白ZnT4表达的影响

目的探讨锌缺乏对小鼠大脑海马锌离子和锌转运蛋白4（Zinc Transporter 4,ZnT4）表达的影响.方法建立锌缺乏动物模型,给断乳后的CD-1小鼠分别喂养缺锌饲料和正常饲料,5周后取大脑海马组织,应用锌金属自显影技术、免疫组织化学技术和Western blotting技术分别进行两组海马锌离子含量和ZnT4表...     

基于飞思卡尔单片机的双电机定位控制系统

本文介绍了一种以飞思卡尔单片机系列MC9S12DG128控制两个直流无刷电机以实现定位的方法。结合PID算法,通过MATLAB仿真和实验,该系统成功地控制了两台电机的运行,并取得了很好的控制效果。     

Neurotrophic effects of conditioned media of astrocytes isolated from different brain regions on hippocampal and cortical neurons

The present study was designed to reveal whether astroglial cells from different brain regions produce diffusible factors that differentially support the survival of neurons and the establishment of neuronal morphology. For this purpose, astrocyte conditioned media (ACM) were prepared by conditioning chemically-defined medium with type I astrocyte culture dissociated from cerebral cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus. Hippocampal and cortical neurons were cultured in ACM or in non-conditioned medium. ACM derived from three brain regions all supported the survival of hippocampal and cortical neurons better than non-conditioned control medium. Of these, hypothalamic ACM was the most effective in supporting the survival of cortical neurons. The ACM also potentiated the elongation of the longest neurite of hippocampal and cortical neurons. However, there were no significant differences in the promoting effects on neurite elongation among ACM from three brain regions.