GC-MS联用鉴别植物油中的特征脂肪酸

采用氢氧化钾—甲醇衍生化体系，以正庚烷为提取剂，用气相色谱—质谱联用仪对棕榈油、调和油、花生油和豆油中的特征脂肪酸进行了鉴别。     

超强酸催化有机酸衍生化分离分析研究

固体超强酸具有较高的反应活性和较好的选择性．文章研究了玫瑰茄油在固体超强酸催化下合成高级脂肪酸脂．再采用GC—MS对其中的脂肪酸进行了定性和定量分析．玫瑰茄油中各种脂肪酸的质量分数分别为棕榈酸18%；硬脂酸30%；油酸38%；亚油酸14%。     

Sexual dimorphism in the defensive secretion of a carabid beetle

Summary The defensive secretions of male and femaleOodes americanus display striking qualitative differences. Altogether 13 carboxylic acids were identified in the secretions of the two sexes. Methacrylic, crotonic, and tiglic acids are produced exclusively by the female; the male lacks these unsaturated components, but produces their saturated analogs. 2-Methylbutyric acid is a major component produced by both sexes. Shared components also include hexanoic, (E)-2-hexenoic, benzoic, and (E)-2-octenoic acid, of which the latter two had not previously been reported from carabid beetles.Paper no. 98 in the series Defense Mechanisms of Arthropods; no. 97 is by Smedley et al., J. Lepid. Soc., in press.     

腐植酸树脂处理含镍废水的研究

以丰富低廉的风化煤为原料,经活化转型后,制成腐植酸树脂。该树脂系天然高分子化合物,分子中含有大量的羧基,羟基,醌基等活性基团。利用它处理含镍废水,吸附力强、交换性好、净化率高、且无二次污染。静态吸附和动态交换表明:交换容量大、使用寿命长、净化率远远超过国产732型阳离子交换树脂。饱和吸附与交换后的腐植酸树脂,经脱附再生后仍可继续使用。     

胶束水溶液代替有机溶剂分离氨基酸

以胶束水溶液为展开剂，用纸色谱法分离了氨基酸类化合物，胶束水溶液阶廉，安全，无毒，不燃，易生物降解，可供替有机溶剂进入实验课教学。     

水溶液中C_1—C_8脂肪酸及乳酸的气相色谱分析

以C_1—C_8脂肪酸及乳酸和四甲基氢氧化铵生成季胺监,用二甲基乙酰胺作溶剂,在室温下和溴乙烷反应,生成对应的乙酯,其产率稳定在95％以上。生成的乙酯在10％丁二酸乙二醇聚酯柱上进行分离。本法操作简便,分离效果好。     

Thiyl radicals in biosystems: effects on lipid structures and metabolisms

Thiyl radicals are intermediates of enzyme- and radical-driven biochemical processes, and their potential as reactive species in the biological environment has been somehow underestimated. From organic chemistry, however, it is known that thiyl radicals isomerize the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids to a mixture with very dominating trans isomers. Recently, this reaction has been particularly studied for biosystems, focusing on the effect of thiyl radicals on the natural all-cis double bonds of unsaturated phospholipids, which undergo a conversion to the unnatural trans form. In this paper we report briefly the role of thiyl radicals in biosystems, describe the main features of the radical-induced cis-trans isomerization process under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, and reflect on some consequences for membrane structures, lipid metabolism and enzymatic reactions.Received 29 October 2004; received after revision 3 December 2004; accepted 4 January 2005     

植物脂肪酸及其衍生物防御信号研究进展

植物由于不能移动而发展了复杂而精密的抗病系统.近年来,人们发现作为细胞膜组分的脂肪酸在植物的各种抗病机制中发挥着举足轻重的作用.脂肪酸及其衍生物不仅参与植物基础免疫和系统免疫,还参与经典抗病基因(R基因)介导的抗病过程.目前,已发现许多与脂肪酸(尤其是16碳和18碳脂肪酸及其衍生物)代谢相关的突变体,对这些突变体抗病性改变的分子机制研究成为植物抗病领域研究热点之一.本文综述了脂肪酸及其衍生物在植物防御信号转导中的最新研究进展,旨在为植物抗病遗传育种研究提供新的参考.     

几种长链脂肪酸对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响研究

以十二酸、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸3种长链脂肪酸对密度为1.942×105/mL的铜绿微囊藻的生长情况进行了研究,结果表明:这3种长链脂肪酸对铜绿微囊藻都有不同程度的抑制作用,其中十二酸对铜绿微囊藻的生长有很强的抑制作用,其次是十八碳三烯酸,十八碳二烯酸最弱.