基于物理性质捕获循环肿瘤细胞的微流控芯片

为满足利用微流控技术实现芯片上循环肿瘤细胞捕获日益增长的需求,研制出基于肿瘤细胞尺寸和变形性进行分离的微流控芯片。基于细胞尺寸和变形性差异原理设计芯片,利用半导体加工技术制备出以玻璃和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为材料的微流控芯片,使用8μm间隔的微柱作为捕获单元,应用于乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7肿瘤细胞的捕获;并以MCF-7细胞为模型,考查了芯片的分选条件和分选效果。在1 mL/h流速下,MCF-7细胞捕获率可达到68%;多次实验结果表明该芯片捕获的最佳流速为1 mL/h。Calcein-AM和Hoechst对MCF-7细胞进行染色,可方便对捕获后细胞进行识别和拍照。结果基于细胞尺寸和变形性原理所设计的捕获循环肿瘤细胞微流控芯片操作简单、成本低、通量高,有望逐步用于临床循环肿瘤细胞检测。     

基于细胞膜仿生策略的纳米颗粒在肿瘤治疗中的应用

随着纳米技术的发展，纳米颗粒凭借其物理、化学、生物学优势被广泛应用于医学领域。然而，生物安全性差、血液循环时间短、靶向能力弱等缺点，仍然限制着纳米颗粒在肿瘤治疗方面的应用。作为一种天然生物材料，细胞膜拥有独特的生物学性质。细胞膜仿生策略赋予纳米颗粒不同的生物学性质，弥补了纳米材料本身的不足，扩大了纳米颗粒在肿瘤治疗方面的应用。文章主要介绍细胞膜仿生纳米颗粒的制备方法以及膜仿生策略在肿瘤治疗中的应用与研究。     

2020年细胞力学热点回眸

 概述了2020年细胞力学研究的热点和进展，探讨了细胞膜表面张力、细胞粘附力、细胞弹性模量、细胞与纳米颗粒相对刚度等对细胞生物学行为的影响及其在疾病诊疗中的应用。     

环柱状血管化肿瘤生长模型的自由边界问题

该文研究环柱状血管化肿瘤生长模型的自由边界问题. 假设肿瘤环绕血管外侧生长,考虑其垂直截面的生长规律.肿瘤区域的内侧边界是固定的,外侧边界是自由边界.证明了:(i)该问题存在稳态解;(ii)若血管化函数α(t)保持一致有界,则自由边界R(t)保持一致有界;(iii)若lim_t→∞α(t)=0,则自由边界将收缩至内边界,即肿瘤消失.     

椎弓根钉技术在胸腰段椎管内肿瘤治疗中的应用

目的探讨经后路椎板切除摘除胸腰段椎管内肿瘤,同时行椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合后对提高脊柱的稳定性的临床疗效。方法采用后正中入路显微切除椎管肿瘤后应用椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合技术进行椎管重建12例,其中,肿瘤位于胸段7例,腰段5例。结果随访9个月~5年观察效果,X线平片显示手术区植骨全部骨性融合,脊柱稳定。结论采用后正中入路显微切除胸腰段椎管肿瘤后应用椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合技术,能够维持手术后脊柱的稳定性,防止远期后凸畸形的发生。     

Control the invasive growth of gastrointestinal epithelial tumor

Invasive growth of epithelial tumor is a very complex process. Therefore, clarifying the molecular mechanisms of the invasive growth of tumor cells will help us find new targets for cancer therapy, and suppress tumor growth and development more effectively.     

Assessment of alternated cooling and heating treatment by US combined CEUS in the VX2 rabbit liver tumor model

Inoperable liver tumors are often treated by thermal ablation that destroys the tumor in situ and spares the adjacent hepatic tissue.Thermal–physical treatment has many advantages,but treatment by freezing or heating alone has some limitations.By taking the advantages and disadvantages of cryosurgery and thermotherapy into consideration,a new thermal technique that combines cryosurgery and radio frequency ablation has been proposed,thereby overcoming the disadvantages of each treatment strategy and improving therapeutic outcomes.This new approach remains to be systematically studied in the liver;therefore,this study was performed to estimate survival after alternated cooling and heating ablation therapy in a VX2 rabbit liver tumor model.Sixteen days after VX2 carcinoma implantation into the rabbit liver,tumors were treated with alternated cooling and heating ablation therapy.Rabbits were monitored for 6 months after treatment and assessed with ultrasound(US)and computed tomography at 1,7,14,and 30 days posttreatment.Untreated tumor-bearing animals served as the control group.Our results show that alternate freezing and heating ablation therapy resulted in a good recovery of VX2 rabbits.Compared with the control group,treated rabbits lived significantly longer(P\0.05),with 70%of treated animals surviving to 196 days posttreatment without metastasis or recurrence,while none of the controls did so.There was no local recurrence in the treatment group.All rabbits in the control group developed metastasis,while metastasis was only observed in 30% of treated rabbits.These results suggest that alternate cooling and heating ablation therapy can prolong the survival time of rabbits with VX2 liver tumors and is an effective method for tumor therapy.Furthermore,we also showed in this model that contrast enhanced US is a valid follow-up approach to assess treatment effectiveness.     

菜青虫(Pieris rapae)感染苏云金杆菌晶体毒素后中肠上皮细胞的免疫酶标电镜观察

用双相法提纯青虫菌(Bacillus thuringiensis var.galleriae)的晶体,碱解后免疫家兔获晶体蛋白抗体,然后用纯化的晶体感染莱青虫,半小时至1小时取中肠上皮细胞作酶标电镜观察,结果表明仅在细胞膜上看到抗原的存在。     

FTIR assessment of the secondary structure of proteins in human breast benign and malignant tissues

The compositions of the secondary structures of protein in the human breast normal, hyperplasia, fibroadenoma and invasive ductal carcinoma tissues have been estimated from the Fourier self deconvolved spectra, the second derivative spectra and the curve-fitting analysis of the amide I bands in their spectra. Some parameters of the secondary structures of proteins in these 4 types of tissues are significantly different and located in separate ranges. Fibroadenoma tissue demonstrates the most remarkable difference in the compositions of α-helical and atypical helical structures. The carcinoma tissue has the highest ratio of the intermolecular β-sheet content and the intramolecular β-sheet content. This noticeable difference in the secondary structure may have important implications for analyzing the properties and types of human breast disease.     

CCN蛋白家族研究进展

CCN蛋白家族包含多个成员,它们结构相似,富含半胱氮酸。作为分泌蛋白,CCN蛋白能够促进细胞生长、细胞粘附、细胞迁移;诱导细胞凋亡;并调控肿瘤生长、血管发生和软骨内骨化。由于CCN蛋白在癌症和其它疾病预测或／和诊断中的重要性,成为近几年研究的热点。本文将简述近几年在CCN蛋白领域的研究进展。