显微注射Lambda DNA入去核中华蟾蜍卵细胞中进行核重构试验

用显微注射的方法将外源Lambda DNA导入去核的中华蟾蜍卵细胞中。DNA荧光染色显微观察和超微结构研究表明,在去核卵细胞中,外源Lambda DNA可诱发构建细胞核。注射后1h开始有核样结构形成,随后形成的重构核逐渐增多,3.5 h后基本恒定。重构核直径在8—23μm,具有类染色质、核膜孔、双层核膜等结构、核周隙较宽。本文结果证明,外源DNA能在去核卵细胞中诱导核重构的发生。本研究建立了去核卵细胞中核重构的实验模式。     

Homichloda barkeri (Jacoby) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae), a candidate agent for the biocontrol of prickly acacia,Acacia nilotica (Mimosaceae) in Australia

The status of Homichloda barkeri (Jacoby) n. comb. is discussed. A key is presented to four Afrotropical Homichloda species, including fulva n. sp. The eggs, larvae and pupae of H. barkeri are described for the first time. Unusual adult and immature stage characters are discussed in relation to the placement of Homichloda in the Alticinae.     

羊膜卵的生理生态学

借助羊膜卵繁殖后代的爬行动物和鸟类,其进化历程和对环境适应情况迥异,陆地生活的有鳞目(如丽斑麻蜥、黑眉锦蛇)、水陆两栖的龟鳖目和鳄目以及空中飞行的鸟类,它们所产羊膜卵在质地、大小和结构上均表现与孵化环境的各个生态因子紧密相关.     

两种消毒方法在鹌鹑种蛋孵化中的应用及其效果比较

主要研究两种不同的消毒方法在鹌鹑(Cotournixcoturnix)种蛋的孵化中的应用及其效果.甲醛熏蒸法在孵化率上较好.     

Lithium and phorbol ester modify the activating capacity of ascidian spermatozoa

In this paper we have shown, using the whole-cell voltage clamp technique, that two parameters of the fertilization current in ascidian eggs may be modified by exposing spermatozoa to lithium or to phorbol ester. When spermatozoa were pre-treated in 250 mM lithium sea water for up to 30 min there was a significant increase in the mean initial slope of the fertilization current, from 116±90 to 169±84 pA/s (p<0.05). The peak current increased from 1371±1079 to 1719±1052 pA (p>0.05). Pre-treatment in 200–600 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate also increased the activating capacity of ascidian sperm, as monitored by a significant increase in the initial slope current in control eggs; however, there was no increase in peak current. Furthermore, we have shown, using NH₄Cl, that an increase in intracellular pH alone is insufficient to change the activating capacity of spermatozoa. This is the first report showing that the kinetics of an egg activation event depend upon the physiological status of the spermatozoon.     

Injection of a soluble sperm fraction into sea-urchin eggs triggers the cortical reaction

Summary Fertilization membranes from around unfertilized sea-urchin eggs after microinjection of a soluble spermatozoa fraction isosmotic with seawater. This demonstrates that the spermatozoon contains a chemical that triggers an increase in cytosolic calcium, leading to exocytosis of cortical granules. It also demonstrates that the triggering mechanism does not require an externally-activated egg-membrane process. Further experiments show that the chemical trigger is not calcium.     

猪卵母细胞体外成熟培养时间及去核方法的研究

对不同体外成熟培养时间的猪卵母细胞进行盲吸法去核及利用脱羧秋水仙碱(DC)和放线菌酮(CHX)的化学诱导法去核效率进行了比较研究.用盲吸法去核,体外成熟培养(IVM)39~41 h组卵母细胞去核率与IVM 36~38 h组差异显著(P<0.05),与42~44 h组差异不明显(P>0.05),但3组显著高于IVM 45~48 h组(P<0.05).化学诱导法去核结果,IVM 42~44 h组去核率最高,但与IVM 39~41 h组差异不显著(P>0.05),其他各组间均差异显著(P<0.05).在相同的体外成熟培养时间内,盲吸法的去核率比化学诱导法的去核率要高.猪卵母细胞IVM在39~44 h内去核率较高,且盲吸法去核效率高于化学诱导去核.     

中国林蛙蛙卵营养成分分析

对我国东北地区长白山麓的特有品种一中国林蛙的蛙卵中的水分、蛋白质、粗脂肪、灰分、总糖、游离氨基酸、氨基酸及微量元素进行了测试分析、结果表明：中国林蛙蛙卵中水分、蛋白质、粗脂肪、灰分、总糖、游离氨基酸的含量各为65、51、16、80、7、32、1．64、0、87、2．58g／100g，其中含有人体必需的微量元素5种，为开发利用这一资源提供了营养学依据。     

不同集卵法对绵羊胃肠道线虫卵孵育的影响

用费勒鹏氏法、50%蔗糖水漂浮法和雌虫挤破法收集绵羊胃肠道线虫卵,在相同的条件下分别用消毒粪汁进行培养,以观察虫卵的孵育情况。结果表明:虫卵的孵化率和第三期幼虫育成率以雌虫挤破法收集的虫卵最高,分别为94.5%和67.0%;消毒粪汁法的第三期幼虫育成率明显高于粪便捣碎直接培养法(P<0.01)。     

河南西峡蛋化石群的保护与对策研究

河南西峡地区垩纪蛋白化群分布广泛，埋藏集中，层位多，数量大，类型多样，保存完好，在中国及世界上具有独特的科学价值。在《世界遗产名录》与《全球地质及古生物遗址名录》中，迄今尚无一例蛋化石遗址，西峡蛋化石群符合世界自然遗产的评估标准，理应被列入《世界遗产名录》。上前应加强保护与研究，并积极开展世界自然遗产的申报工作。