三维电极法处理含酚废水的研究

文章以苯酚模拟废水为处理对象,采用三维电极法,考查了三维电极系统处理苯酚废水时,苯酚浓度、电流密度、电解时间、电导率、PH值对苯酚去除率、CODCr降解率的影响,实验结果表明,增大电流密度、增大溶液电导率和延长电解时间能使苯酚去除率和CODCr去除率提高;增大苯酚浓度和PH值使苯酚去除率和CODCr去除率降低。     

PAN基炭纤维高效催化石墨化研究

通过在磷酸和钼酸钠水溶液中交替直流电解,实现磷-钼元素催化剂在PAN基炭纤维上的沉积和分散,以促进其石墨化,考察了热处理温度和电解液中钼酸钠浓度对PAN基炭纤维催化石墨化的影响.催化剂的担载状况、纤维的形貌和结构变化等分别通过能量散射谱(EDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)进行分析和表征.结果表明:通过交替直流电解处理,可以有效地破坏炭纤维的组织结构,并同步实现催化剂在炭纤维上的分散和沉积,促进了PAN基炭纤维的催化石墨化.交替直流电解处理过的炭纤维经2 400 ℃热处理后,其石墨化度高达99%,微晶尺寸(L_c)为38 nm.     

O/A及电解催化藕合工艺在甘蔗糖厂酒精废液生物处理中的应用研究

传统废水处理方法对甘蔗糖厂酒精废液的处理存在某些缺限.为了探讨一些对甘蔗糖厂酒精废液的处理较为有效的处理工艺,结合生物处理和电解催化方法,采用O/A及电解催化藕合工艺对色度为色度1.2×104倍、COD为6.8×104mg/L的难处理酒精废液进行处理研究.结果表明经电解催化处理后出水COD为100mg/L以下,色度为50～80倍,处理后的水质达国家工业废水二级排放标准.     

铁碳微电解法处理拉开粉废水的静态试验研究

就铁炭法对高浓度难降解拉开粉(阴离子表面活性剂)废水的处理效果进行了静态模型试验研究,得到了最佳参数值:Fe/C=2∶1,pH=3.0～4.0,停留时间30min。在该条件下,拉开粉(BX)和COD的总去除率分别约为45%和30%。     

熔盐电镀制取铝电解用TiB2惰性阴极

采用熔盐电解法在碳阴极上电镀TiB2铝电解用惰性阴极材料,电解温度800℃,电解质组成(质量分数,%)为KCl4.8,KF55.7,K2TiF615.3,KBF424.2,电流密度为0 3A/cm2,电解3h·对制得的镀层做XRD和EMP电子探针形貌分析,实验结果表明,镀层成分为单一的TiB2,无杂相·镀层厚度可达0.2mm,表面平整,分布均匀,与碳基体结合良好,且有金属光泽·说明该电解条件下,Ti和B能够在阴极上共沉积并生成TiB2·     

镁电解过程氯气喷射角及流体流动的水力模拟

Mg熔盐电解过程中,两极产物镁和氯气的分离效果与阳极气泡的运动特征及电解质的循环状况关系密切。本实验采用石英透明电解槽对MgCl_2电解过程中阳极气泡析出的物理过程和氯气喷射角进行观测;并用水力模拟方法研究工艺和结构因数对流体流动状态的影响。高温电解实验观测得氯气喷射角为5°～10°,且不随阳极倾斜发生变化;水力模拟测得氯气喷射角为10°～15°。本研究所揭示的这些物理过程和工艺因数的影响可为镁电解槽结构优化设计提供理论依据。     

硫酸锌溶液中锌粉净化除钴的机理

本文通过断电流、短路电流、恒电位阳极溶解电流等实验,阐述了添加剂硫代锑酸钠及铜离子在锌粉净化除钴过程中的活化机理和钴返溶的原因。测得锌粉置换除钴过程的活化能为113.7kJ·mol~(-1),表明其控制步骤为化学步骤。     

Novel synergic combinatorial photoelectrochemical technology for degradation of trace of 2-chlorophenol in drinking water

A novel combinatorial photoelectrochemical(CPE) technology with combination of ultraviolet (UV)-photolysis and direct current (DC) electrolysis is studied and discussed for drinking water purification. In the self-madecompositive photo-electrolysis incorporate reactor, removal rate of the 2-chlorophenol as model environmental pollutants has been investigated experimentally in terms of applied voltage, pH value, flow velocity, temperature, and aeration conditions. A primary analysis of the combinatorial photoelectric synergic effect on the degradation of organic pollutants has been carried out. It is found that the best performance of CPE oxidation is achieved by the following conditions: DC voltage of 5.0 V combined with UV_254-raidatiou,near neutral of pH 8 with aeration of pure oxygen. The influences of circular velocity, temperature, and initial concentration of the pollutant are minor. Under the optimal conditions, removal ratio of 2-CP is higher than 50% in 30 min,and 100% removal ratio of 2-CP (5 x 10-6) can be reached and TOC removal ratio reached above 90% in 2.5 h. Complete mineralization is achieved eventually. It shows in our investigation that under the studied conditions the synergic effect of UV photolysis and DC electrolysis on the degradation of the model pollutant is remarkable and validated,which may be derived from the coexistence of mutual complementary mechanisms of photoelectrochemical action, and the radicals chain reactions resulted from photo activation and electrolysis excitation in the process of CPE oxidation.     

电解氧化制备二硫化二苯并噻唑

采用电解氧化法制备二硫化二苯并噻唑,消除了污染,降低了成本.电解过程电流效率85%以上,直流电耗约710w·h/kg.工艺流程简单,易于工业化。     

酸性介质中煤电化学氧化动力学研究

在酸性介质中铁离子对煤浆电化学氧化动力学影响的分析,表明煤是由Fe~(3+)催化氧化的,且还原而成的Fe~(2+)在阳板上又氧化生成Fe~(3+)。推导出煤浆液中固体颗粒电氧化的数学模型。在含有Fe~(2+)的酸性煤浆中,用此模型计算了煤氧化化学步骤的速度常数。