穿龙薯蓣高产栽培技术研究

主要通过穿龙薯蓣(Dioscoreanipponica)的栽植密度试验及栽植深度试验,用方差分析及多重比较的方法来寻找穿龙薯蓣高产栽培技术。经过试验分析,最佳栽植密度为20cm×50cm,最适栽植深度为5cm～10cm。     

基于序列图像的工业钣金件三维重建与视觉检测

针对目前工业制造领域面临的难题,提出利用非量测数字摄像机进行工业钣金件高精度三维重建与视觉检测.采用二维直接线性变换分解摄像机参数初值并结合光束法平差进行高精度标定;利用最小二乘模板匹配提取像面上的点、直线信息并进行混合光束法平差,从而进行钣金件的高精度三维重建及其尺寸制造误差的检测.所开发的视觉检测系统硬件成本低、自动化程度较高,实际数据的多次实验均取得了优于1/8 000的相对精度,说明所论述的方法为工业零件的自动化三维检测提供了一条可行途径.     

喷动流化床射流穿透深度试验研究

提出射流穿透深度是表征喷动流化床煤气化过程中射流特性的重要参数.在300 mm×30mm×2 000 mm的喷动流化床煤气化炉冷态试验装置上,采用压力信号分析和快速摄像图像分析相结合的方法,系统地考察了喷动气速、喷口直径、物料特性、静止床高和流化气流率对射流穿透深度的影响.结果表明,射流穿透深度随喷动气速、喷口直径的增大而增大,随静止床高、物料密度、物料直径、流化气流率的增大而减小.另外,引入两相弗劳德数(Fr)、颗粒雷诺数(Rep)等无量纲参数,对试验结果进行多元回归分析,建立了喷动流化床射流穿透深度的关联式,该关联式全面考虑了各种影响因素,特别是静止床高和流化气流率的影响.关联式的预测值与本文及国内外其他一些研究者的试验值进行了比较,结果吻合得较好.     

弹丸侵彻钢纤维混凝土数值模拟

为了对弹丸侵彻钢纤维混凝土问题进行数值模拟研究,在有限元计算中引入了Holmquist-Johnson-Cook累积损伤材料模型以描述钢纤维混凝土的非线性变形及断裂特性,弹丸作为刚体处理.侵彻深度计算结果与在φ14.5 mm弹道炮上所获得的试验结果相吻合,并很好地模拟了在侵彻过程中钢纤维混凝土靶的成坑、层裂现象.在此基础上分析了钢纤维混凝土这种新型复合材料抗侵彻性能的影响因素.计算结果表明,HJC本构模型用来描述钢纤维混凝土的侵彻问题是可行和有效的.     

Soil Erosion on a Slope without Vegetation： a Simulating Experiment on a Bare Land in Mt. Tanakami

0　IntroductionManystudieshavebeendoneonthesedimentdischargeinMt.Tanakami .Thosestudiesconcerntheamountofsedi mentsandfewdiscussionsabouttheprocessonly .Andthesedi mentyieldmechanismindevastatedslopeinMt.Tanakamiisnotfullyunderstood.Inordertorecordthewholeprocessofsoilero sionfromthebeginningofprecipitation ,totheendofsedimentmovement,asimulatingexperimentbyusingartificialrainiscon ducted .Basedonthisexperiment,andbyfurthercomparingwiththepreviousdataofsedimentsinthisarea,somebasicdataaboutc…     

钻井液在致密砂岩中裂缝的侵入深度模型

克深井区储层的孔隙结构与裂缝特征造成钻井过程中钻井液大量漏失,其中的固相颗粒会堵塞裂缝,使得部分生产井在完井后产量偏低甚至无产量,现场主要是通过酸压来解决这类问题。对于裂缝性气藏的酸压而言,需要知道钻井液在裂缝中的侵入深度变化,以便于设计施工参数,评价酸压效果。针对这一问题,根据牛顿流体在裂缝中的流动机理,裂缝宽度的变化以及裂缝壁面的滤失等,建立了钻井液在单一裂缝中的漏失动力模型,根据裂缝内钻井液压力的分布来定量描述钻井液的侵入深度,考虑并分析了该模型的侵入深度与侵入时间,压差和裂缝宽度之间的相互关系。最后,利用该模型计算了克深井区获得增产效果的酸压井中钻井液的侵入深度和酸液的侵入深度,通过增产井中二者之间的关系,从而间接证明了该模型。     

弹体侵彻钢筋混凝土靶开坑深度研究

研究弹体侵彻靶板的开坑深度,有助于提升侵深和过载的计算精度.首先,通过总结对比现有的开坑深度模型以及试验数据的回归分析,建立了考虑弹体质量和初速度的开坑深度模型.然后,以此为基础给出了弹体侵彻钢筋混凝土靶开坑深度的计算方法.最后,结合作者早前建立的钢筋混凝土动态球形空腔膨胀理论,利用文献试验数据对开坑深度模型进行了应用对比分析.本文模型考虑了弹体质量、初速度以及首层钢筋网埋设深度等因素的影响,可用于分析不同质量、不同初速度弹体侵彻钢筋混凝土靶的开坑深度.      

Nanoindentation response analysis of TiN-Cu coating deposited by magnetron sputtering

To investigate the change of the mechanical properties of soft metals doped PVD(Physical Vapor Deposition)coatings after the migration of soft metal to the surface, TiN-Cu coating was deposited on Si(100) by magnetron sputtering. The microstructure and mechanical properties at room temperature and after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ were investigated. The results showed that the grains were clustered and the microstructure was porous for TiN-Cu coating at room temperature, while many micro-and nano-sized Cu particles were observed on the surface after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃. The elastic properties of the TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300℃ degraded compared with that at room temperature. The hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating kept constant(3.7 GPa and 125.0 GPa, respectively) with the increase of nano-indentation depth, while the hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ increased gradually.     

A New Algorithm for the Establishing Data Association Between a Camera and a 2-D LIDAR

In this paper,we propose a new algorithm to establish the data association between a camera and a 2-D Light Detection And Ranging sensor （LIDAR）.In contrast to the previous works,where data association is established by calibrating the intrinsic parameters of the camera and the extrinsic parameters of the camera and the LIDAR,we formulate the map between laser points and pixels as a 2-D homography.The line-point correspondence is employed to construct geometric constraint on the homography matrix.This enables checkerboard to be not essential and any object with straight boundary can be an effective target.The calculation of the 2-D homography matrix consists of a linear least-squares solution of a homogeneous system followed by a nonlinear minimization of the geometric error in the image plane.Since the measurement quality impacts on the accuracy of the result,we investigate the equivalent constraint and show that placing the calibration target nearby the 2-D LIDAR will provide sufficient constraints to calculate the 2-D homography matrix.Simulation and experimental results validate that the proposed algorithm is robust and accurate.Compared with the previous works,which require two calibration processes and special calibration targets such as checkerboard,our method is more flexible and easier to perform.     

Terrestrial isopods and myriapods in a forested scree slope: subterranean biodiversity,depth gradient and annual dynamics

Diversity, depth distribution and seasonal activity of isopods and myriapods were studied using subterranean traps buried in a forested limestone scree slope in the ?ierna Hora Mts, Western Carpathians, Slovakia, throughout the depth gradient from 5 to 95 cm. A total of five isopod, 13 diplopod and 11 chilopod species were identified. Most edaphic species strongly preferred the uppermost organic soil layers. Among the species captured, some represented rare stenoecous Carpathian endemics, namely the isopod Trichoniscus carpaticus, and diplopods Julus curvicornis and Leptoiulus mariae. Others were subterranean forms, partly adapted to hypogean conditions: the isopod Mesoniscus graniger, and diplopods Mecogonopodium carpathicum and Trachysphaera costata. The annual activity in the vast majority of the species ceased completely in winter, and was gradually relaunched in spring. In evaluating the age structure of two predominant diplopods Polydesmus denticulatus and Mecogonopodium carpathicum, both widespread across the depth gradient, a vertical segregation of early post-embryonic stages was found. While P. denticulatus tended to undergo the early stages of development in the soil-filled topmost levels, the early juvenile stage of M. carpathicum was distributed deep in the scree slope profile.