Energy flows in complex ecological systems: a review

Energy flow drives the complex systems to evolve. The allometric scaling as the universal energy flow pattern has been found in different scales of ecological systems. It reflects the general power law relationship between flow and store. The underlying mechanisms of energy flow patterns are explained as the branching transportation networks which can be regarded as the result of systematic optimization of a biological target under constraints. Energy flows in the ecological system may be modelled by the food web model and population dynamics on the network. This paper reviews the latest progress on the energy flow patterns, explanatory models for the allometric scaling and modelling approach of flow and network evolution dynamics in ecology. Furthermore, the possibility of generalizing these flow patterns, modelling approaches to other complex systems is discussed. This research is supported by Guozhi Xu Post Doctoral Research Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60574068.     

二元向量值紧支撑正交小波的构造

研究了L2(R2,Cr)中二元向量值紧支撑正交小波的构造.给出了二元向量值多分辨分析和二元向量值正交小波的概念,利用多分辨分析理论,得到了一种有效的二元紧支撑向量值正交小波的构造算法,并给出了数值算例.     

用于哼唱识别精确匹配的线性伸缩动态规划算法

提出一种用于哼唱识别精确匹配的线性伸缩动态规划算法。该算法将哼唱旋律切割成句子,对每一句子进行线性伸缩匹配,同时在句子层次进行动态规划获得最优路径。该算法更有效地利用了哼唱语音的分段特性并克服了动态规划在长路径搜索时可能丢失全局最优路径的缺点。在含5 223首M ID I的数据库上同等条件下该算法正确率分别比线性伸缩、动态规划及递归匹配方法提高10.5%、6.0%和2.8%。该算法具有更高的准确率和更小的时间复杂度,是一种更有效的精确匹配算法。     

Experimental Study of Tunnel Fire with Natural Ventilation

The 1/15 reduced-scale experiments using Froude scaling were designed to study the effect on the smoke control efficiency for subway tunnel fires with natural ventilation mode.The propane gas fires with heat release rate 11.48 kW was used,which corresponds to the heat release rate 10 MW in the full-scale tunnel.The temperature distributions under the ceiling were measured by K-type thermocouples to investigate smoke move-ment,and the velocity of smoke in shafts was measured by hot-wire anemometer to obtain the smoke extract amount of ventilation shafts.The results show that the smoke temperature under the ceiling varies with the lon-gitudinal different distance from fire Source.The results also show that the smoke temperature distributions and the smoke control efficiency in tunnel vary with the space between ventilation shafts and vary with the area and the height of ventilation shaft.     

Improved chirp scaling algorithm for parallel-track bistatic SAR

The curvature factor of the parallel-track bistatic SAR is range dependent, even without variation of the effective velocity. Accounting for this new characteristic, a parallel-track chirp scaling algorithm (CSA) is derived, by introducing the method of removal of range walk (RRW) in the time domain. Using the RRW before the CSA, this method can reduce the varying range of the curvature factor, without increasing the computation load obviously. The azimuth dependence of the azimuth-FM rate, resulting from the RRW, is compensated by the nonlinear chirp scaling factor. Therefore, the algorithm is extended into stripmap imaging. The realization of the method is presented and is verified by the simulation results.     

边界层内低阶结构函数标度律的实验研究

利用PIV系统对平板湍流边界层在Reθ=2?167下流向(u′)和法向脉动速度(v′)进行了测量,研究结果显示,当脉动增量的结构函数的阶数为 正分数时,实验所得的标度指数和K41及SL标度指数较为接近;当结构函数的阶数为分数且由0趋向于-1时,实验的标度指数明显偏离K41和SL标度指数,出现奇异标度律。这也说明了用低阶结构函数的标度指 数也能说明标度律的奇异性及边界层内存在间歇性。     

一种新的正交多小波函数的构造

利用正交单尺度函数,给出了一种新的重数为3的正交多尺度函数的构造方法,并给出了对应正交多小波的显式构造,最后给出构造算例。     

线性规划的不可行内点原始-对偶仿射尺度算法

本对线性提出了一个不可行内点原始－对偶仿射尺度算法,并证明了算法是一个多项式时间算法。     

油藏地质模型数据体粗化技术

在油藏描述过程中 ,由地震解释出的三维地质模型一般产生几十万至几百万个网格数据体 ,由于目前计算机水平的限制和工作效率及费用等方面的考虑 ,需要对该数据体进行合理的粗化。用严格满足渗流流动规律的调和平均方法处理相邻网络之间的渗透率 ,这样求解渗流力学方程组得到的结果与一维理论解完全相符 ;对辽河油田某一大型油藏进行粗化后进行数值模拟 ,结果表明全油藏累积产油量、累积产水量的拟合误差均比较理想。该粗化方法可以应用在整装油田的大规模数值模拟运算上     

a尺度的尺度函数与小波

给出序列 { pn}、{ qrn} (r=1,2 ,… ,a - 1)构成a(a∈Z ,a≥ 2 )尺度情形下的两尺度序列的充要条件