黄土公路隧道衬砌开裂分析

衬砌开裂是黄土公路隧道普遍存在的病害。为了预防和处治衬砌开裂,保证黄土隧道结构的长期稳定性,针对甘肃省榆中县新庄岭黄土公路隧道衬砌开裂的病害特征,运用数值仿真、实测等手段分析了病害产生的机理和原因。结果表明,黄土浸水导致土体强度降低、变形增大,从而增大了围岩塑性区范围和变形压力,恶化了衬砌结构受力状况,使衬砌结构拱顶内侧及拱脚外侧被拉裂,进而使拱脚内侧被压裂。根据隧道病害状况,提出了采用环氧树脂嵌补及凿槽嵌入钢拱架法处治衬砌开裂的建议,为分析和处治黄土公路隧道衬砌开裂提供了依据。     

Test of magnetic susceptibility and grain-size age models of loess

Ages of the stratigraphic boundary MIS1/2 and MIS3/4 of the Yuanbu loess section in Linxia are used as the basis of the nodal control age. The age of MIS1/2 and MIS3/4 are obtained from the latest international research result—the climatic events recorded in the stalagmite in the Hulu Cave in Nanjing, that MIS1/2 is 11.5 kaB.P. and MIS3/4 is 59.8 kaB.P.. The ages of the two climatic events contain three nodal age control models (Model 1: 0 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.; Model 2: 0 kaB.P.—11.5 kaB.P. and 11.5 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.; Model 3: 11.5 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.), which are used as the nodal control age separately. The deposition times of various stratigraphic horizons are calculated by using the magnetic susceptibility age model and grain-size age model, and then compared with each other. In addition, the AMS14C age, OSL age and the ages of YD and H events are compared with the ages of the corresponding horizons calculated by the three models of nodal control ages. From the analyses of lithologic characters and climatic stages it has been found that both the magnetic susceptibility age model and the grain-size age model have some defects. Because the accurate control ages are selected as the nodal points of the glacial period or interglacial period, the stratigraphic deposition times determined by the high resolution of magnetic susceptibility age model and grain-size age model approximate to the actual ages. As for the relative accuracy of the two age models, the magnetic susceptibility age model is more accurate than the grain-size age model.     

Test of magnetic susceptibility and grain-size age models of loess

Ages of the stratigraphic boundary MIS1/2 and MIS3/4 of the Yuanbu loess section in Linxia are used as the basis of the nodal control age. The age of MIS1/2 and MIS3/4 are obtained from the latest international research result—the climatic events recorded in the stalagmite in the Hulu Cave in Nanjing, that MIS1/2 is 11.5 kaB.P. and MIS3/4 is 59.8 kaB.P.. The ages of the two climatic events contain three nodal age control models (Model 1: 0 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.; Model 2: 0 kaB.P.—11.5 kaB.P. and 11.5 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.; Model 3: 11.5 kaB.P.—59.8 kaB.P.), which are used as the nodal control age separately. The deposition times of various stratigraphic horizons are calculated by using the magnetic susceptibility age model and grain-size age model, and then compared with each other. In addition, the AMS14C age, OSL age and the ages of YD and H events are compared with the ages of the corresponding horizons calculated by the three models of nodal control ages. From the analyses of lithologic characters and climatic stages it has been found that both the magnetic susceptibility age model and the grain-size age model have some defects. Because the accurate control ages are selected as the nodal points of the glacial period or interglacial period, the stratigraphic deposition times determined by the high resolution of magnetic susceptibility age model and grain-size age model approximate to the actual ages. As for the relative accuracy of the two age models, the magnetic susceptibility age model is more accurate than the grain-size age model.     

论陕西黄土高原地貌的景观美学属性

文章以陕西黄土高原地貌景观作为审美对象，提出了陕西黄土高原地貌景观的空间组合结构概念，在此基础上进行了黄土高原地貌景观的美学特征分析，认为应充分挖掘其旅游潜力，强化宣传，将自然和人文旅游景观组合推出，打造黄土高原地貌旅游品牌，丰富和深化陕北旅游的内容和内涵．     

从团粒结构失稳角度探讨由灌溉引起的黄土湿陷发生机理

利用SEM/EDX等测试手段,探讨了由灌溉引起的黄土湿陷发生机理.结果表明:黄土湿陷过程包括初始快速变形和后续迟缓变形2个阶段,这2个阶段的发生都与黄土的骨架颗粒--团粒有关.前者是由于黄土中非水稳性团粒遇水破坏所至,而后者是因为水的渗透造成黄土团粒主要胶结物碳酸钙的淋溶移动损失,从而导致失稳.黄土中松散结构或架空孔隙的存在是产生湿陷的重要条件,但不是湿陷发生的根本原因.     

History of the temperature-dependence of susceptibility and its implications: Preliminary results along an E-W transect of the Chinese Loess Plateau

An investigation of rock magnetic properties using the temperature-dependence of susceptibility (TDS) and the coercivity of different IRM components was conducted on samples of the Malan loess (L1) and the last interglacial soil (S1) along an E-W transect of the Chinese Loess Plateau. We find that the behavior of the TDS is useful in identifying maghemite (γ-Fe_2O_3) in both loess and paleosol, and that it can be used as a new proxy of the degree of pedogenesis, which is closely linked to climatic conditions. Based on results from the TDS, we conclude that (1) the detrital magnetite grains predominate in the L1 unit to the west of Liupan Mts, where the weathering and pedogenetic processes were weakest; (2) a comparable degree of pedogenesis exists in the L1 at the east of the Liupan Mts and the S1 at the west of the Liupan Mts; (3) a higher concentration of maghemite is found in the S1 unit at the eastern sections, suggesting that the local climate was warmer and more humid in this interval. In addition, we propose that TDS measurements can be used as a rapid means of determining the reliability of the paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) record in loess/poleoso/sequenees.     

合派路RCC施工技术与经济分析

振碾水泥混凝土（简称RCC）路面，目前我国尚未颁布施工技术规范与各项材料定额指标。文章对合肥市合派路刚柔复合式RCC路面的施工技术、施工组织安排、质量控制方法等进行了详细阐述，同时与普通混凝土路面进行了经济对比分析，说明RCC路面社会效益与经济效益都明显优于普通混凝土路面，发展前景十分广阔。     

设注水孔条件下湿陷性黄土试坑水分入渗规律

对山西省晋中市榆次区大厚度自重湿陷性黄土场地进行布设注水孔、埋设土壤水分传感器的浸水试验。结果表明:由于布设注水孔,试坑内水分扩散存在自下而上、自上而下、由试坑中心向两侧扩散的特点,湿润锋扩散形态比较复杂;浸水52 d,试坑内探井全断面基本达到饱和含水率,注水孔的布设节省了大量的试验时间与费用。体积含水率随时间变化曲线基本可以分为4个阶段:初期含水率平稳段;含水率增长、变化段;饱和含水率稳定延续段;末期含水率小幅减小变化段。     

微观缩松对蠕铁微观组织和力学性能的影响

微观缩松缺陷的位置分布、体积大小表现出随机性特点,会对材料微观组织和宏观力学性能产生影响. 通过微观组织观测,研究了微观缩松对蠕墨铸铁材料微观组织的影响. 同时,建立了含微观缩松缺陷的三维代表性体积元模型,通过施加周期性边界条件和拉伸位移载荷,研究了微观缩松对蠕墨铸铁材料宏观力学性能的影响. 结果表明,蠕铁材料微观缩松缺陷周围组织中含有Ce,Mg元素,表明稀土蠕化剂与所研究的蠕墨铸铁的微观缩松的形成有密切联系,增加了材料内部形成微观缩松的倾向. 随着材料内部微观缩松体积分数的增加,材料的宏观等效弹性模量呈线性降低;微观缩松还会造成材料内局部区域的应力集中,易于微小裂纹的萌生及扩展.      

湿陷性黄土地区铁路房屋地基处理方法

通过梳理湿陷性黄土成因及各地基处理方法的适用范围、优缺点,结合黄韩侯铁路房屋湿陷性黄土地基处理方法的工程实例,以技术经济分析方式得出了湿陷性黄土地区铁路房屋地基处理的一般方法,对湿陷性黄土地区铁路房屋的修建具有很好的借鉴作用。