一种简单可靠的反应釜远红外加热控制系统

本文给出了自行设计安装的一种简单可靠的反应釜远红外加热控制系统。     

拟南芥中参与盐胁迫应答的基因 At1g14260的功能初探

拟南芥中未知基因At1g14260的表达受到多种非生物胁迫的诱导, 特别是在NaCl的诱导下, At1g14260的表达量明显增加. 对T DNA插入突变体at1g14260(salk 118406)的分析表明, 敲除了基因At1g14260的拟南芥相比野生型对盐胁迫更加敏感. 此外, 构建了融合表达载体PBi221 At1g14260 GFP并且成功转入拟南芥原生质体中, 在荧光显微镜下观察到融合蛋白定位于原生质体细胞核中. 因此, At1g14260可能参与了拟南芥中盐胁迫的过程.     

Electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels: An overview of oxide reduction in pyroprocessing technology

The electrochemical reduction process has been used to reduce spent oxide fuel to a metallic form using pyroprocessing technology for a closed fuel cycle in combination with a metal-fuel fast reactor.In the electrochemical reduction process,oxides fuels are loaded at the cathode basket in molten Li_2O–LiCl salt and electrochemically reduced to the metal form.Various approaches based on thermodynamic calculations and experimental studies have been used to understand the electrode reaction and efficiently treat spent fuels.The factors that affect the speed of the electrochemical reduction have been determined to optimize the process and scale-up the electrolysis cell.In addition,demonstrations of the integrated series of processes(electrorefining and salt distillation) with the electrochemical reduction have been conducted to realize the oxide fuel cycle.This overview provides insight into the current status of and issues related to the electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels.     

Environmental and energy gains from using molten magnesium–sodium–potassium chlorides for electro-metallisation of refractory metal oxides

The molten eutectic mixture of magnesium,sodium and potassium chlorides(Mg Cl2–Na Cl–KCl) has inappreciable solubility for oxide ions,and can help disengage a carbon anode from the oxide ions generated at a metal oxide cathode,and effectively avoid carbon dioxide formation.This "disengaging strategy" was successfully demonstrated in electro-reduction of solid oxides of zirconium and tantalum.It has led to significantly higher current efficiency(93%),and lower energy consumption(1.4 k W h kg 1) in electrolysis of tantalum oxide to tantalum metal compared to the conventional electrolysis in molten calcium chloride(e.g.78% and 2.4 k W h/kg-Ta).     

层状盐岩力学特性与蠕变机理研究

对层状盐岩力学特性进行实验与分析,获取相应的力学特征参数,是盐岩地下溶腔蠕变特性数值模拟的必要步骤,是数值计算中力学模型的组成要素。本文通过单轴压缩、三轴压缩和压缩蠕变等实验,获取层状盐岩短期强度特性和长期蠕变特性的力学特征参数,为盐岩蠕变模拟提供必要的参数支持。在此基础上,本文对层状盐岩蠕变机理进行分析,并将对盐岩蠕变率方程进行解析,为构建盐岩蠕变本构模型作铺垫。     

考虑空间效应的熔盐堆核热耦合二维动态模拟

熔盐堆堆芯物理分析不同于传统的固体燃料反应堆,由于燃料流动的特点,堆芯中缓发中子先驱核浓度不仅与中子通量分布相关,还受到燃料盐流动的影响。针对熔盐堆堆芯中多物理场非线性耦合的特性,采用点堆模型方程与二维对流扩散方程、热流体动力学方程相结合建立耦合模型,求解二维稳态条件下熔盐堆堆芯主要物理参数分布,并在稳态条件基础上研究堆芯模型引入3种阶跃扰动后堆芯燃料盐温度在温度负反馈作用下的动态变化过程。结果表明,堆芯在温度负反馈作用下能够快速达到稳定,模型将燃料盐流动特性和缓发中子先驱核浓度空间效应考虑在内,更加接近熔盐堆堆芯真实情况。     

加氢反应器运行安全性的综合评定

对某化肥厂超期服役的合成氨成套装置之一的加氢反应器进行了无损探伤、金相组织检测和强度校核。结果表明，加氢反应器的焊缝及母材组织变化不大，在现行的操作条件下其强度符合安全要求，探伤形式主要是由Ｈ_２Ｓ－Ｈ_２作用引起的腐蚀减薄。     

盐胁迫对杨树无性系生理特性及高生长的影响

盐胁迫明显抑制杨树幼苗高生长，其高生长速率随胁迫时间的延长和盐浓度的增加而减小，与此同时，叶片中Ｃｌ￣－、Ｎａ￣＋的累积则增加，叶片中游离脯氨酸的累积在胁迫后约２～３ｄ达到峰值，Ｋ￣＋累积则在胁迫后约２周迅速增加，两者都是在峰值之后随胁迫时间的延长而下降。杨树幼苗对Ｃｉ￣－和Ｎａ￣＋的吸收并不同步，胁迫后期Ｎａ￣＋／Ｃｌ￣－的值逐渐升高，在浓度为０．３％的处理组比值可达１．５．同时，Ｎａ￣＋／Ｋ￣＋值的升高是Ｎａ￣＋吸收增加而Ｋ￣＋吸收减少的结果。外源Ｋ￣＋、Ｃａ￣２＋对盐胁迫抑制高生长有一定的缓解作用，但Ｋ＋的作用不及Ｃａ２＋。     

牛乳中盐类平衡及其影响因素

本文论述了牛乳中盐类存在状态及盐类平衡,同时对乳中盐类在真溶液及胶体溶液之间的平衡关系也作了说明,并对影响乳中盐类平衡的因素及应用做了详细地论述。     

硅对盐胁迫下枣树根尖离子微域分布的影响

运用X射线电子探针研究了硅对盐胁迫下金丝小枣(Ziziphus jujubacv.Jinsixiaozao)根系中离子微域分布的影响。结果表明:盐胁迫(NaCl质量分数为0.3%)处理使得枣苗根系表皮、皮层和中柱细胞中Na 、Cl-的X射线峰较高,而K 峰较低;而盐胁迫处理加入0.4 g/kg硅后,根系表皮、皮层和中柱细胞中Na 、Cl-的X射线峰显著降低,而K 峰则大幅度提高,并且使Na 、Cl-在根系各部分呈均匀分布。表明盐胁迫下给土壤施硅可改变金丝小枣体内养分离子的吸收和离子的微域分布,从而缓解盐分离子对金丝小枣的毒害作用。