LA-ICP-MS U–Pb geochronology of detrital zircons from the Zhaochigou Formation-complex in the Helan Mountain and its tectonic significance

This paper carries out studies about LA-ICPMS U–Pb dating and Hf isotopic compositional analysis for detrital zircons in two metasedimentary samples that were taken from the Zhaochigou Formation-complex in the Helan Mountain.The results show that the Zhaochigou Formation-complex formed*1.96 Ga,and it is a part of the Khondalite Series that is widespread in the North China Craton(NCC).The age spectrum of the detrital zircons indicates that the Zhaochigou Formation-complex shared the same provenance with the eastern edge of the Khondalite Series.Products of ancient magmatic activities within the Khondalite Belt may be the major source for the sedimentary materials that formed the Khondalite Series.Our age-dating results suggest that the Khondalite Series in the NCC may have experienced two stages of metamorphism,as the early stage occurred during 1.96–1.95 Ga,and the later stage occurred at about 1.87 Ga.The Hfisotopic data indicate that the Western Block of the NCC endured a stage of crustal growth at 2.5–2.3 Ga.     

Starch grain evidence reveals early pottery function cooking plant foods in North China

Early pottery sherds excavated in northern China date back to more than 11,000 cal a BP, and are presumed to have been used as cooking vessels. There has been, however, no direct evidence to demonstrate this function. Here we report ancient starch grains recovered from carbonized residues adhering to the bases of flat- bottomed vessels excavated from the Zhuannian site dating more than 10,000 cal a BP in the North China Plain. This evidence demonstrates that early pottery was being used to cook cereal grains, particularly millets, and acorns. Because millets were in the process of domestication at thistime, we propose that pottery invention in northern China may have been related to early farming activities.     

热带印度洋海温与海表面高度相关关系分析

为了研究热带印度洋偶极子(IOD)与海平面异常之间的相关性,采用经验正交函数分析方法(EOF)及Hilbert-Huang变换等统计方法,分析热带印度洋的海表面温度(SST)与海平面高度异常(SLA)的相关关系。通过对热带印度洋偶极子指数(DMI)与南方涛动指数(SOI)和SLA的相关性分析,得出IOD与El Nio-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)之间可能存在一定相关关系,此外,IOD与海平面变化有很好的相关性。通过对IOD爆发年的DMI以及海平面变化的分析,证实IOD具有季节锁相的重要特征,并探讨了该季节变化与海平面变化的相关关系。结果表明,IOD事件与海平面的变化这两者之间存在很强的一致性。     

长江口北槽丁坝坝田区潮流及污染物迁移扩散特征

为研究长江口深水航道北槽坝田水流结构,基于非结构网格FVM法,建立了长江口大范围二维潮流水质耦合数学模型,在数学模型验证良好的基础上,对北槽涨落潮水流结构及坝田污染物扩散进行了研究。结果表明,北槽中上段北坝田高潮位明显高于主槽,北槽下段,高潮位与主槽相近;南坝田高潮位大都高于主槽,南北坝田低潮位与主槽相近;坝田污染物落潮时释放扩散速度较快,南侧坝田污染物扩散速度比北坝田快,大潮坝田污染物扩散速度比小潮快,坝田外部污染物扩散速度比坝田内部快;坝田释放污染源后,污染物随涨落潮流在坝田与主槽内运动,短时间内污染物进入航道的量较少。     

北冰洋环境快速变化与生态响应*

随着全球变暖的加剧,北冰洋环境正在发生快速变化,水温升高、夏季海冰覆盖面积和海冰储量下降、淡水输入增加、盐度下降、海水酸化现象初现,导致原本依托海冰生存的北冰洋生态系统遭受前所未有的冲击。已有研究表明,与冰相关生物的生存状况正在恶化,初级生产者个体呈现小型化趋势,冰藻减少影响底栖生物产量,亚北极种入侵。由于北极环境和生态系统变化远超预期,而人类对生态系统、特别是北冰洋中心区的了解非常有限,如何尽快建立观测体系、加强对生态系统的了解、预测潜在的变化成为未来的重要课题。     

滨里海盆地北特鲁瓦油田上石炭统碳酸盐岩沉积相研究与有利储层预测

北特鲁瓦油田是近年来在滨里海盆地东缘发现的大型油气田,石炭系碳酸盐岩是最重要的含油层系。通过岩心、测录井资料分析,以及大量薄片及扫描电镜微观观察,认为北特鲁瓦油田上石炭统碳酸盐岩地层属于碳酸盐岩台地相沉积,可进一步分为蒸发台地、局限台地、开阔台地3个亚相;以及膏岩坪、白云坪、潟湖等7个微相,各沉积微相的特征显著。剖面及平面上沉积演化分析表明,上石炭统沉积时期处于一个海平面逐渐下降的过程,在Б2时期,研究区全部为开阔台地亚相;到A2时期,研究区大部分为蒸发台地、局限台地亚相。通过总结平面上各微相分布规律,建立了适宜北特鲁瓦油田的碳酸盐岩沉积模式。通过微观孔隙类型及特征分析,结合沉积微相研究,发现局限台地内的白云坪微相及开阔台地内的台地滩微相储集物性最好,其内发育的粉晶生屑云岩、晶粒云岩及亮晶颗粒灰岩、生物格架灰岩是油田最有利的储集层。上述研究成果将为油田后续的评价开发提供新的地质依据。     

Breeding preferences in the treefrogs Dryophytes japonicus (Hylidae) in Mongolia

ABSTRACT

When a species occurs over a broad range of climates and landscapes, the breeding ecology of that species is expected to vary locally. Additionally, a basic knowledge of breeding ecology is required before other types of studies may be conducted, such as physiology or conservation. In North East Asia, Dryophytes japonicus is distributed from Japan to Mongolia, where its breeding ecology is unknown. The objectives of this study were to understand the breeding requirements of D. japonicus in this part of its range. We collected data for Dryophytes japonicus at 56 sites located within 23 independent localities in Northern Mongolia during the breeding season 2017. The data collected included habitat type and co-occurring amphibian, fishes and bird species. Our results show that the species prefers circa 70 m long oxbow lakes for breeding, while habitat characteristics, water quality and co-occurring species were not significantly associated with the occurrence of the species. We therefore conclude that D. japonicus is behaviourally plastic in Mongolia, as it is in other portions of its range, and that the species can use several types of environments and co-occur with different species at its breeding sites. Corvus dauuricus was the only bird species significant predicting the occurrence of D. japonicus, likely because of overlapping ecological preferences.     

北疆大气降水水汽源识别及其对地下水补给的指示意义

 大气降水是水循环的输入项,其同位素特征是示踪水汽来源及运动路径的有效工具。利用北疆4个大气降水观测站的同位素数据,结合HYSPLIT模式,重点分析了北疆大气降水同位素特征。区域大气降水线方程δD=7.3δ¹⁸O+3.5,反映了新疆独特的干旱气候环境。受不同降水水汽来源影响,天山及阿勒泰2个地区降水同位素特征表现不同。天山地区受西风带水汽季节性漂移的影响,氘盈余夏季低冬季高,成“V”型;阿勒泰地区常年受北冰洋水汽影响,氘盈余年内变幅不明显。尽管δ¹⁸O均表现为夏季富集、冬季贫化,但多年均值差异明显,该差异也使得利用同位素确定地下水补给来源成为可能。准东盆地东天山附近地下水主要受到来自东天山的大气降水补给,而北侧自流区地下水同位素相对贫化,与阿勒泰站大气降水同位素及氘盈余特征相似,结合地形、水文地质条件等特征,认为该区主要受克拉美丽山大气降水补给。     

华北板块南部高变质煤条带成因机制

 为确定华北板块南缘高变质煤条带形成机制与形成时代,通过研究华北板块南缘中二叠统山西组二1煤层煤级分布和岩浆岩空间展布特征,结合华北板块与扬子板块碰撞历史,利用地质学"重力均衡"原理和日本岩石学家都城秋穗提出的"双变质带"理论,建立碰撞热流模型并合理解释导致高变质煤条带形成的热流来源,得出:1)扬子板块向华北板块的俯冲作用,在华北板块南缘前陆盆地形成高温低压带,促进了煤化作用,形成高变质煤条带;2)结合地质资料和区域构造特征分析,发现高变质煤带走向与印支期构造走向(东-西)一致,该高变质煤条带形成于印支期。燕山期岩浆控制了华北板块南缘大部分煤变质作用,但是在晋城-济源一带其煤变质是由于印支期板块碰撞形成的异常热作用的结果。     

朝鲜冰雹的气候特征分析

利用朝鲜1981-2010 年95 个地面观测站的冰雹观测记录, 分析朝鲜冰雹的气候特征。结果表明, 朝鲜的冰雹主要分布在北部山区、中部山区和西部平原地区, 年平均冰雹日数在上述地区分别达到4, 1.5 和1 以上。年平均冰雹日数分布表现出明显的季节变化, 春季主要集中在中部山区和北部山区, 年平均冰雹日数达到0.4; 夏季主要出现在北部山区, 年平均冰雹日数达到0.8; 秋季南移至西部平原和东部沿海地区, 年平均冰雹日数达到0.4。朝鲜的冰雹发生时刻具有明显的日变化特征, 平壤站冰雹最大值出现在13:00LT (当地时)。在研究的时间段内, 朝鲜全国72 个台站的年平均冰雹日数出现显著的下降趋势, 6 个台站的年平均冰雹日数明显上升, 主要分布在北部的两江道。另外, 对平壤观测站的零度层高度(FLH)、归一化对流有效位能(NCAPE)和垂直风切变(VWS)进行分析, 探讨平壤地区冰雹频数下降的原因。