四川盆地海相富有机质页岩孔隙特征及赋存状态特征

本文利用低温液氮吸附实验和扫描电子显微镜,基于分子动力学研究了龙马溪组页岩的孔隙特征和甲烷生成特征。根据低温液氮吸附的BET模型,龙马溪组页岩的比表面积为4.32-29.50 m² / g,平均为13.78 m² / g。计算得出的页岩总孔隙体积为6.12-30.47cm³ / g,平均孔径分布范围为3.83-4.52nm,平均孔径为4.06nm。页岩气的吸附和生成也很容易与人工压裂产生的裂缝形成有效的连通。输送通道相对平滑,气体渗透条件良好,这有助于页岩气的开发。孔类型主要包括微裂纹,粒内孔和粒间孔。龙马溪组页岩储层中甲烷的吸附特性表明,随着孔径的变化,甲烷的吸附势能由正向负变化,并逐渐趋近于零。零点表示没有甲烷分子吸附在孔壁上。爆发从吸附变为自由。     

酵母发酵法提高黑木耳多糖溶出率的工艺优化

对酵母发酵法提高黑木耳多糖溶出率进行了研究。利用Design Expert 8.0.6.1软件建立多元回归模拟方程,对酵母添加量、发酵温度、发酵时间和pH这4个影响黑木耳多糖溶出率的因素进行响应面优化。结果表明,酵母发酵法提高黑木耳多糖溶出率的最佳工艺条件为:酵母添加量0.75 g/L、发酵温度30℃、发酵时间16 h、pH 6.5。在此条件下,黑木耳多糖溶出率为17.65%,与预测值(17.74%)接近,验证了该回归模型的准确性和可靠性。     

己酮可可碱渗透泵控释片的研制

应用正交设计优化渗透泵控释片片芯处方,通过单因素考察,确定包衣液处方及包衣增重;通过以不同渗透压的溶液作为释放介质,考察其释放机理。制备的3批己酮可可碱渗透泵控释片呈现良好的零级释放特征,体外控释效果好,所制己酮可可碱渗透泵控释片遵从以渗透压差为释药动力的渗透泵式释药模式,工艺稳定。     

Dissolution behavior of Caldag lateritic nickel ore subjected to a sequential organic acid leaching method

The dissolution behavior of Caldag lateritic nickel ore subjected to a sequential organic acid leaching method was investigated. The effects of the type of organic acid, acid concentration, leaching time, and leaching temperature on the lateritic nickel ore were examined. Organic acids were used individually prior to sequential leaching. Citric acid was more effective than the other two acids for the selective leaching of nickel and cobalt. An increase in the citric acid concentration negligibly affected the dissolution of the metals, whereas temperature exhibited a strong beneficial effect. Oxalic acid was determined to be the most appropriate organic acid for the second leaching step. After 8 h (4 h + 4 h) of leaching with organic acids (0.5 M citric + 0.5 M oxalic) in sequence at 90℃, 89.63% Ni, 82.89% Co, and 69.63% Fe were leached from the lateritic nickel ore. A sequential citric + oxalic acid leaching method could represent a viable alternative for the dissolution of metals from lateritic nickel ore.     

Extracting copper from copper oxide ore by a zwitterionic reagent and dissolution kinetics

Sulfamic acid (SA), which possesses a zwitterionic structure, was applied as a leaching reagent for the first time for extracting copper from copper oxide ore. The effects of reaction time, temperature, particle size, reagent concentration, and stirring speed on this leaching were studied. The dissolution kinetics of malachite was illustrated with a three-dimensional diffusion model. A novel leaching effect of SA on malachite was eventually demonstrated. The leaching rate increased with decreasing particle size and increasing concentration, reaction temperature and stirring speed. The activation energy for SA leaching malachite was 33.23 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the effectiveness of SA as a new reagent for extracting copper from copper oxide ore was confirmed by experiment. This approach may provide a solution suitable for subsequent electrowinning. In addition, results reported herein may provide basic data that enable the leaching of other carbonate minerals of copper, zinc, cobalt and so on in an SA system.     

盐酸托烷司琼片溶出度方法的研究

建立盐酸托烷司琼片溶出度测定法,以0.01 mol/L盐酸溶液为溶出介质,浆法,转速50 r.min-1,检测波长为285nm。盐酸托烷司琼浓度在2.0～24.0μg.mL-1时,与峰面积比值呈良好线性,r=0.999 9(n=7),平均回收率100.2%,日内和日间RSD分别为0.62%及0.80%(n=9)。该法简便、准确,可用于该片的质量控制。     

钙芒硝盐岩溶蚀的角度效应

为更深入的了解钙芒硝盐岩的溶解特性,促进水溶开采钙芒硝矿和盐穴储气库建造中钙芒硝夹层溶蚀的研究,对钙芒硝盐样以不同倾角在35℃恒温水中进行溶解速率和速度的实验。结果表明:钙芒硝在35℃恒温水中溶解速率和速度具有角度效应;倾角从90°~-90°变化时,溶解速率和速度越来越大,水溶采矿技术开采钙芒硝时应采用有利于上溶和侧溶,自下而上的开采技术;运用MATLAB对数据进行拟合,得出不同溶解角度下钙芒硝溶解速率和速度随时间变化规律的表达式,对水溶开采钙芒硝的相关研究和盐穴储气库夹层的溶蚀具有一定的指导和参考价值。     

伊曲茶碱溶析结晶工艺研究

药物结晶工艺是药物工业生产流程中至关重要的环节。通过单因素实验,以伊曲茶碱晶体收率、粒度分布作为评价标准,考察结晶液初始浓度、溶析剂用量、结晶温度、陈化时间、溶析剂滴加速率等因素的影响。通过分析各种影响因素,得到伊曲茶碱较佳结晶条件：结晶液初始浓度12 mg/ml,水和DMF体积分数比3：1,滴加速率2 ml/min,结晶温度20 ℃、陈化时间60 min。通过该方案获得伊曲茶碱晶体呈短针状,收率、平均粒径（MS）、变异系数（CV）分别为93.7 %、12.6 μm、4.25,为工业上制备高质量的伊曲茶碱产品提供基础依据和参考。     

不同溶腔-隧道间距对地铁隧道施工影响的模型试验研究

为探明不同溶腔-隧道净距下隧道施工对岩溶地层的扰动影响规律,以贵阳市轨道交通3号线一期工程为依托,开展了城市浅埋环境下不同溶腔-隧道间距对地铁隧道施工影响的模型试验研究。主要得到以下结论：(1)拱顶侧溶腔对拱腰水平位移影响较小,主要影响隧道拱顶的竖向沉降量;溶腔对原始地应力场的影响范围是有限的,溶腔直径为4 m、溶腔底部与隧道开挖轮廓线顶部净距为5 m时,隐伏溶腔的存在对隧顶围岩的沉降量影响不太显著。(2)溶腔与开挖隧道净距为1、2、5 m时,拱顶围岩最终土压力变化分别为47.4、84.7、135.1 kPa。溶腔底部距离隧道开挖轮廓线越近,拱顶围岩在隧道开挖后的土压力变化越小。岩溶地质现象对原始地应力场的影响表现为岩溶腔体对周边围岩的应力释放作用。(3)溶腔与隧道顶部净距为1、2、5 m时地中沉降峰值分别为25.7、32.8、38.8 mm,分别为无溶腔时的135.3%、172.6%、204.2%。隧道拱部隐伏溶腔与隧道净距并非越小对地表的沉降影响更大,溶腔-隧道净距与溶腔上覆土层厚度都会影响隧道开挖后的地表沉降。(4)各工况下拱架最终轴力表现为全环受压,弯矩值差异较轴力值更显著。拱...     

高等代数和解析几何的相溶性和互补性

研究了如何将几何内容合理地溶入到代数内容中,并且研究了如何用代数的抽象性一般理论解决解析几何的问题及如何用几何直观性解释代数的抽象性理论, 使两门课在内容和教法上相辅相成, 成为不可分割的整体