Processing, microstructure and mechanical properties of biomedical magnesium with a specific two-layer structure

A novel magnesium based scaffold with a two-layer structure was synthesized by powder metallurgical process using salt particles as space holder. The outer layer of the scaffold shows an interconnected porous structure and the inner layer presents a compact structure reinforced by the salt particles. Such a specific structure is introduced primarily for the purpose of a better combination of biocompatibility and mechanical compatibility. Experimental results demonstrate that the structural features and mechanical properties of the magnesium based scaffold with a salt content of 30 wt% prepared by the current method are quite compatible with the cancellous bone. Such a novel Mg-based scaffold has the potential to act as degradable implants for bone substitute application.     

Effect of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone ) on the morph ology and physical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) /sodium montmorill onite nanocompos ite films

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)(PVP) and sodium montmorillonite(Na~+MMT) were prepared by solution mixing and then cast into films.X-ray diffraction analysis and images of transmission electron microscopy establish the formation of PVA/Na~+MMT intercalated nanocomposite.Exfoliated and highly intercalated PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposite formed in the presence of PVP.Inclusion of PVP in PVA/Na~+MMT matrix enhances the hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA and Na~+MMT and thus increases the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposites compared to PVA/Na~+MMT nanocomposite.The interactions between PVA,PVP and Na~+MMT were established by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The moisture absorption tendency of both the PVA and PVA/PVP films reduced after the incorporation of Na~+MMT at 75%constant relative humidity.Differential scanning calorimetry studies show that the presence of PVP and Na~+MMT both are responsible for reducing the heat of fusion,and crystallinity of PVA.The flow behavior of the PVA,PVA/PVP and its nanocomposite solutions has been also studied.Water vapor permeability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT composite films decreased in the presence of nanoclay due to increasing tortuous paths for diffusion.     

Ti – Cu– Zr–Fe– Nb ultrafine structur e-dendrite composites with good mechanical properties and biocompat ibility

Ti-Cu-Zr-Fe-Nb ultrafine structure-dendrite composites were designed by inducing Nb and more Ti to a Ti-Cu-Zr-Fe glass-forming alloy composition and prepared by copper mold casting.The composite alloys consist of β-Ti dendrites and ultrafine-structured CuTi₂ and CuTi phases as well as a trace amount of glassy phase.The volume fraction of β-Ti dendrites increases with the increase in content of Nb which acted as the β-Ti phase stabilizer in the alloys.The composites exhibit high compressive yield strength exceeding1200 MPa,maximum strength around 1800 MPa and low Young’s modulus around 48 GPa.The plasticity of the alloys is strongly influenced by the volume fraction and morphology of the dendritic β-Ti phase,and the compressive plastic strain was enlarged from 5.9%for the 4 at%Nb alloy to 9.2%for the 8 at%Nb alloy.The preliminary cell culture experiment indicated good biocompatibility of the composite alloys free from highly toxic elements Ni and Be.These Ti-based composite alloys are promising to have potential structural and biomedical applications due to the combination of good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.     

茶叶渣负载羟基氧化铁的制备、表征及吸附性能的研究

以氯化铁和茶叶渣为原料,采用水解中和法制备了茶叶渣负载羟基氧化铁复合材料,利用傅立叶红外光谱仪对其进行表征,并测定其比表面积、吸附性能、表面酸碱性及在水溶液中的分散性能。实验结果表明,Fe-O键的特征吸收峰从895cm-1偏移到841cm-1,这是因为FeOOH中的官能团和茶叶中的成份发生相互作用,说明FeOOH确实被茶叶渣所负载。复合材料的比表面积为482.895 m2/g,吸附水中的Cr(VI)可达95.97%,复合材料的等电点pH值为9.8,改变材料的添加量和离子浓度其等电点不变,并且随复合材料加入量的增多,溶液pH缓冲能力越强,二者之间成正比。     

镁合金表面MoS2/树脂杂化涂层的制备及其摩擦磨损和电化学性能研究

以水作为分散介质,制备了含丙烯酸树脂和MoS2颗粒的分散液,以阳极氧化为前处理,采用电化学共沉积法在镁合金表面制备了MoS2/树脂杂化涂层;采用MR 060型多功能摩擦磨损试验机考察涂层的摩擦磨损性能,并分析其磨损机制;采用PARSTAT2273型电化学工作站测试涂层的电化学阻抗谱及极化曲线;利用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪分析涂层的表面形貌及结构.结果表明：所制备的涂层厚度高达50 μm,在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能;MoS2的加入,能够有效降低涂层的摩擦系数,提高其耐磨性.     

基于透射光谱确定硅碳氧薄膜的光学常数

硅碳氧薄膜是一种含有Si、C和O三种元素的玻璃状化合物材料,同时拥有碳化硅薄膜及氧化硅薄膜多种优异的特性,如热稳定性好、能带宽、折射率大、硬度高和热导率高等,是一种具有潜在应用价值的新颖光学薄膜.基于硅碳氧薄膜的紫外/可见/近红外透射光谱,采用Swanepoel极值包络线法,结合WDD色散模型,建立了一套精确、方便并适合于计算硅碳氧薄膜光学常数的方法.方便地获得了硅碳氧薄膜折射率、厚度等光学常数.并将厚度计算结果与实际测量值进行了比较.结果表明,试验中研究硅碳氧薄膜光学常数所采用的方法是合理的,能够准确地获得硅碳氧薄膜的折射率及厚度等光学常数.     

新型生物降解共聚酯的流变性能研究

采用毛细管流变仪研究了生物降解共聚酯聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇／己二酸丁二醇／对苯二甲酸乙二醇／己二酸乙二醇共聚酯（PBATE）的流变性能．结果表明：PBATE共聚酯属于假塑性流体;在一定的剪切速率下,共聚酯PBATE的表观黏度随着温度的升高而下降;随着剪切速率的提高,PBATE共聚酯的表观黏度对剪切速率的依赖性较强,而对温度变化的敏感性却降低．     

SiCp/AZ91D复合材料压缩力学性能及其本构描述

在AZ91D中加入体积分数10%的5μm SiCp颗粒作为增强剂,通过万能材料试验机及分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)测试了其在静动态加载条件下的力学性能。实验结果表明经过二次热变形处理的AZ91D镁基合金复合材料在所研究的应变率范围内均表现出应变硬化行为,且其硬化行为具有明显的率相关性,采用幂指数函数能较好地描述加载速率对屈服应力的影响,通过分析AZ91D镁基合金的硬化参数的率相关性构建出能有效预测其力学行为的一维本构方程。     

机械设计制造及自动化专业创新性应用型人才培养模式探索

机械设计制造及自动化专业具有宽口径和知识更新速度快的特点,在对该专业人才需求广泛调研的基础上,作为地方院校的德州学院尝试进行了机械设计制造及自动化专业人才培养模式的改革探索,设定了创新性、应用型人才的培养目标和层次定位,构建了模块化课程体系,对课程体系与实践教学体系进行了调整与改革,在注重理论基础知识的同时,进一步加强了学生的创新意识和实践能力的培养.     

土霉素菌渣热解液的理化特性及成分分析

采用元素分析仪、水分测定仪、粘度计、GC-MS等分析了土霉素菌渣热解液理化特性和成分。热解液油相C元素含量比较高,达到了50%(质量分数)以上,热解液油相和水相中N元素分别占6.48%(质量分数)和7.89%(质量分数),O元素分别占27.89%(质量分数)和13.54%(质量分数)。温度为300～600℃热解液的油相粘度为6 980～8 913mPa·s,水相粘度为324～372mPa·s;热解液的油相密度为1.089 8～1.127 9g/cm3,水相密度为1.041 9～1.075 6g/cm3。热解液腈类物质较多,油相和水相分别占了23.69%(体积分数)和9.32%(体积分数);热解液油相与水相中碱性氮化物体积分别占0.83%和1.46%;热解液油相与水相中非碱性氮化物体积分别占1.56%和0.35%;其余的有机物体积在油相与水相分别占3.30%和4.11%。分析结果为进一步资源化利用提供了技术指导。