旋转混合星的结构

利用微扰方法研究旋转混合星的结构.应用基于相对论平均场理论的硬和软的两种强子物质状态方程以及将s夸克质量作为自由参量的夸克物质的MIT袋模型来构造混合星模型.研究了旋转对于星体内部结构的影响,并近一步对比和分析不同模型星体结构改变的不同.结果显示s夸克质量对于旋转星体的结构和性质有较大的影响.     

原位扫描电压法除去多壁碳纳米管的管壁

碳纳米管可以具有金属性或半导体性, 这依赖于它们的手性. IBM公司有选择性地除去了多壁碳纳米管的管壁, 将多壁碳纳米管转变为具有金属性或半导体性的导体. 他们是将碳纳米管置于空气中, 并将其两端施加恒定的偏压实现的. 这里报道一种方法, 即在真空中碳纳米管两端通过反复施加扫描偏压, 原位除去单根多壁碳纳米管的管壁. 碳纳米管最外层与电极的直接接触及其热导率的高度各向异性促进了管壁的一一除去.     

Autophagy as new emerging cellular effect of nanomaterials

The biosafety issue of nanoscale materials is getting more and more attention with their increasing manufacture and application.In the research of cellular effects and underlying mechanisms related to toxicity of nanomaterials,most emphasis were placed on processes such as apoptosis,metabolic inhibition and oxidative stress.Recent evidence suggests that autophagy is part of the biological effects by nanomaterials and various kinds of nanomaterials are capable of disturbing the autophagic process.This review will highlight the importance of autophagy as an emerging mechanism of nanomaterial toxicity and the implication in the therapy of autophagy-related diseases.We summarize current research status of interaction between nanomaterials and autophagic pathways.It is of note that nanomaterials can either induce or block autophagy,which result in similar phenotype but completely different biological consequence.It is therefore important to perform comprehensive analysis of the whole autophagic flux in the future research.     

Grain size effect of IrO2 nanocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction

Combined with air annealing, rutile-structured IrO 2 nanoparticles with various sizes were prepared using colloidal method. The nanoparticles were used as the electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic media, and their grain size effect was studied. The results show that with the increase in annealing temperature, the grain size of the catalyst increases, and the voltammetric charges (the electroactive areas) and apparent activity for the OER decrease. The relationship between the intrinsic activity and the annealing temperature exhibits a volcano-type curve and the catalyst annealed at 550 ℃ achieved the best result.     

Parameter determination and experimental verification of thermoelectric cooling for a low-temperature chemical reactor

Thermoelectric coolers (TECs) were used to cool a low-temperature chemical reactor (LTR).A combined theoretical/experimental study of the heat transfer in LTR with TECs was undertaken.First,two models of a TEC with a LTR junction were developed to evaluate the equilibrium and transient temperatures of the reactor inner wall.Next,two methods were used to determine the parameters of these models.Finally,the relationship between the transient temperatures of the reactor inner wall and cooling times was established.The results show that the calculated results of transient temperatures are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data.     

空心薄壁墩水化热温度效应研究

采用热-结构耦合分析的方法对水化热引起的空心薄壁墩的温度效应进行分析,计算中考虑了混凝土弹性模量随龄期的变化.利用ANSYS软件模拟178m高墩施工进程中的水化热温度效应,得到空心墩墩底实体段、墩身、以及节段接缝处的温度和应力随时间的变化规律,结果表明与一般大体积混凝土的温度效应不同,空心薄壁混凝土结构由于水化热引起的温度升高不超过40℃,但温度应力比较大,最大温度应力达到6MPa,值得设计施工人员认真对待.     

Numerical Investigation of Dynamic Effects on Unsteady Flow Measurements Using a Two-Dimensional Probe

IntroductionMulti-holepneumaticprobesarecommonlyusedinflowmeasurementsbecauseoftheirsimplicity,lowcostanddurability,especiallysincetheycanmeasurevelocitiesandpressuresatthesametime.Withthedevelopmentofcomplexflowdynamics,aswellasthedevelopmentofadvancedturbomachinery,ithasnecessitatedtheextensionoftheprobemeasurementtechniquetounsteadycompressibleflow.However,twoproblemsoccurwhenusingpneumaticprobestomeasureunsteadyflow.Oneisthefrequencyresponseofaprobesystem,whichislimitedbytheresonanceinthet…     

旋转流水口对结晶器钢水温度场影响的数值模拟

采用数值模拟的方法研究了不同旋转流水口工艺条件对结晶器内温度场的影响. 结果表明:结晶器旋流水口会稍微增加水口两侧高温区的不对称性,但能提高弯月面处钢水的温度,使弯月面处钢水温度更均匀--传统水口从水口到弯月面处温降约为15 ℃左右,而旋流水口仅为10 ℃. 增加拉速或降低旋流片高度,会增加钢水弯月面处的温度;旋流片角度为120°或旋流片距水口底部390 mm时,钢水弯月面处温度最高.     

X-Ray Diffraction Characterization of the Microstructure in Close-Packed Hexagonal Nano Material

1 Results On the basis of previous work,the general theory,least square methods and computing programs have been proposed and developed,which can separate the two-fold broadening effect caused by crystallite-micro strain,crystallite-stacking faults,strain-faults and which can also separate the three fold broadening effect caused by crystallite-strain-faults in closed-parked hexagonal (CPH) nano-materials.The method is applied to characterize and investigate the microstructure in β-Ni(OH)2 as negative ma...     

Comprehensive eco-environmental effects of the shelter-forest ecological engineering along the Tarim Desert Highway

In this work, we report a comprehensive study about the eco-environmental effects of the shelter forest along the Tarim Desert Highway, including the effects on aeolian environment, soil, micro-climate, biodiversity, and groundwater. The results show that: (1) The movement of windblown sand near the ground surface was affected by the shelter forest. The wind speed and sediment transport rate in the shelter forest decreased by 64%―80% and 87.45%―99.02%, respectively. In addition, there were also significant changes in the sand flux structure, the sand grain size, and the deflation and deposition on the ground surface. (2) Compared to the natural mobile sand, the soil bulk density in the forest area decreased while the total salt content, the total porosity, and the water content increased. In addition, the soil fertility was significantly improved in the forest area, and showed the "first rapid, then slow" variation pattern. (3) The shelter forest showed positive effects on the micro-climate. Within the 6 m height above the ground, the air temperature in the shelter forest at different heights was lower than that in the mobile sand, while the air humidity was higher, while, the soil temperature was also lower in the shelter forest than mobile sand. (4) The number of soil microbial species increased significantly with the improvement of habitat in the shelterbelt. However, the population of different species was not distributed evenly across the surveyed area. (5) Currently, no significant effects of groundwater-pumping and forest-irrigation water have been found on the groundwater level and its salinity. The variation amplitude of both groundwater level and salinity was at the level of centimeters and 1g/L, respectively. No obvious variation trend has been observed.