In vitro biological effects of magnetic nanoparticles

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have great potential for a wide use in various biomedical applications due to their unusual properties. It is critical for many applications that the biological effects of nanoparticles are studied in depth. To date, many disparate results can be found in the literature regarding nanoparticle-biological factors interactions. This review highlights recent developments in this field with particular focuses on in vitro MNPs-cell interactions. The effect of MNPs properties on cellular uptake and cytotoxicity evaluation of MNPs were discussed. Some employed methods are also included. Moreover, nanoparticle-cell interactions are mediated by the presence of proteins absorbed from biological fluids on the nanoparticle. Many questions remain on the effect of nanoparticle surface (in addition to nanoparticle size) on protein adsorption. We review papers related to this point too.     

Enhancement of the efficiency of PEI/liposome transfection by magnetofectins formed via electrostatic self-assembly

One of the major challenges for successful gene therapy is improving the transfection efficiency of non-viral vectors. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been developed as enhancers of non-viral vehicles. We prepared MNPs and modified them with polyethyleneimine (PEI), citric acid (CA) or carboxylmethyl-dextran (CMD). Both positively charged MNPs (MNPs@PEI) and negatively charged MNPs (MNPs@CA, MNPs@CMD) could spontaneously form transfection complexes (magnetofectins) with plasmid DNA and PEI/liposome via electrostatic self-assembly. Our results showed as-prepared magnetofectins apparently enhanced PEI/liposome transfection efficiency and/or gene expression level into COS-7 cells with reduced transfection time from 4 h to 15 min under a magnetic field in vitro. Meanwhile, the effect of magnetofection was cell line-dependant. These results suggest that charged MNPs could improve transfection efficiency for non-viral vectors by simply mixing with them and by exerting a magnetic force. Thus such MNPs provide a convenient platform for further applications of gene delivery.     

Size tuning and oxygen plasma induced pore formation on silica nanoparticles

Silica nanoparticles have been prepared from tetraethylorthosilicate dissolved in ethanol followed by base-catalyzed condensation.Earlier works reported that at least four parameters,namely concentrati...     

Heating effect and biocompati bility of bacteri al magnetoso mes as potential materials used in magnetic fluid hyperthermia

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) promises to be a viable alternative in the treatment of localized cancerous tumors.The treatment consists of introducing nanoparticles as energy absorbent agents in tu...     

银/聚吡咯/二氧化钛复合纳米粒的制备与结构表征

以钛酸四丁酯、硝酸银和吡咯为原料采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了银/聚吡咯/二氧化钛(Ag/PPy/TiO2)复合纳米粒,考察了PPy单体用量、原料配比等因素对制备复合纳米粒的影响。运用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)等测试方法对复合纳米粒进行了表征。结果表明,Ag/PPy/TiO2复合纳米粒具有棒状的核壳结构,聚吡咯包覆在Ag和TiO2纳米粒子的表面。     

磁性Fe3O4纳米微粒的水热合成及表征

以FeC l2.4H2O和FeC l3.6H2O为原料,采用水热法合成了Fe3O4磁性纳米微粒.考察了不同氧化还原剂,螯合剂和表面活性剂等因素对产物形貌和尺寸的影响,运用透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)和X-射线衍射(XRD)对其微结构进行了表征,还用振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的基本磁性能进行了表征.     

Ag/SiO2复合纳米粒子的超声化学合成

本文中首先利用正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)的碱性水解制备了均匀分散的S iO2微球(粒径约70 nm),然后采用超声辐射与红外辐射结合的方法在其表面包覆了一层分布均匀的Ag纳米粒子(粒径约8 nm).研究了实验条件对产物的影响,并通过透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)对产物的形貌及性质进行了表征.     

MPA包覆的银纳米粒子修饰电极制备和电化学表征

运用自组装和电化学组装法,将MPA包裹的银纳米粒子修饰到金电极表面,制备成银纳米粒子单层和多层膜修饰电极. 循环电压-电流和电化学阻抗谱测定结果表明:以MPA包覆的银纳米粒子修饰电极的氧化电位明显负移,显示出银纳米粒子具有更高的活性. 以0.5mmol/L的K3[Fe(CN)6]溶液为检测体系,电化学阻抗谱测试得出电极表面对探针分子的阻碍作用有所增加. 循环电压-电流结果表明:与单层膜修饰电极相比,多层膜修饰电极的峰电流显著增加.     

油酸修饰铜纳米颗粒的摩擦学性能

在无水乙醇-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)水溶液混合体系中使用液相还原法制备了油酸修饰铜纳米颗粒.使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对其形貌进行了表征,结果表明:油酸修饰铜纳米颗粒的粒径大小约为20 nm.用FALEX-6型四球试验机考察了其作为润滑油添加剂在液体石蜡中的抗磨减摩性能,结果表明:当添加纳米颗粒的质量分数为0.2%时就能明显降低摩擦系数,当添加纳米颗粒的质量分数为0.4%时摩擦系数下降至最低值,但当进一步增加浓度至1.0%时,摩擦系数开始有较大的增加趋势.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对摩擦表面进行观察,结果表明:当添加纳米颗粒的质量分数为0.4%时磨斑直径(WSD)为最小值,抗磨效果最好.     

肿瘤热疗用锰锌铁氧体纳米粒的制备及表征

以硫酸盐为原料, NaOH为沉淀剂制备了一系列MnxZn1-xFe2O4纳米粒(x=0.1,0.3,…,0.9,1.0),对其进行了X-射线衍射分析,证实其为尖晶石型锰锌铁氧体;透射电镜观察其形貌为近似球状;图像分析仪测算其平均粒径为30 nm;并进行了居里温度测定和给定交变磁场下的体外升温、恒温实验,结果显示所制备材料的居里温度随锌含量的增加而降低;在相同介质、相同质量浓度条件下,其相应磁流体体外升温实验所能达到的恒定温度亦随锌含量的增加而降低, 如在磁流体质量浓度为20 g/L时,其恒定时的温度在68～40 ℃之间.实验结果为进一步筛选出适合肿瘤热疗的材料配比及相应的质量浓度提供了理论及实验依据.