What do numerical (climate) models really represent?

The translation of a mathematical model into a numerical one employs various modifications in order to make the model accessible for computation. Such modifications include discretizations, approximations, heuristic assumptions, and other methods. The paper investigates the divergent styles of mathematical and numerical models in the case of a specific piece of code in a current atmospheric model. Cognizance of these modifications means that the question of the role and function of scientific models has to be reworked. Neither are numerical models pure intermediaries between theory and data, nor are they autonomous tools of inquiry. Instead, theory and data are transformed into a new symbolic form of research due to the fact that computation has become an essential requirement for every scientific practice. Therefore the question is posed: What do numerical (climate) models really represent?     

球体-平面黏附模型分析

为确定Bradley黏附模型与Hamaker假设黏附模型之间的关系和差异,运用Hamaker假设和原子间的Lennard-Jones势能推导出了两平面间的相互作用力,通过与平面间的Lennard-Jones势能进行对比分析,得到了原子势参数与平面势参数间的关系式.根据此关系式将Bradley模型转化为由Hamaker常数描述的黏附模型,并根据Hamaker常数的定义式将Bradley模型最终转化为由原子势参数和Hamaker常数描述的黏附模型.理论分析与仿真结果表明,基于Hamaker假设的黏附模型与Bradley黏附模型完全一致,证实了原子势参数与平面势参数间关系式的正确性,为采用连续介质力学方法研究微观离散世界的黏附问题提供了理论基础.     

基于时间序列的灰色预测技术在估产模型中的应用

在建立估产模型过程中，引进基于时间序列的灰色预测技术，通过对样本点建立基于时间序列的灰色预测模型和常规的多元线性回归气象模型的分析比较，试图找到一种计算简单，数据要求少而精度较高，时效性较好的建模方法，为时间序列预测在农作物估产方面的应用作出一点探索。     

Real‐Time Forecasts of Inflation: The Role of Financial Variables

We present a mixed‐frequency model for daily forecasts of euro area inflation. The model combines a monthly index of core inflation with daily data from financial markets; estimates are carried out with the MIDAS regression approach. The forecasting ability of the model in real time is compared with that of standard VARs and of daily quotes of economic derivatives on euro area inflation. We find that the inclusion of daily variables helps to reduce forecast errors with respect to models that consider only monthly variables. The mixed‐frequency model also displays superior predictive performance with respect to forecasts solely based on economic derivatives. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

民办本科高校科学发展的新途径研究

在问卷调查的基础上,以郑州科技学院为典型个案进行详细的论证分析,提出民办高校应该以现有的基础为突破口,发挥其特长,走职业教育之路.     

My Understanding of the Main Similarities and Differences between the Three Translation Models

In this paper, the author wants to prove that the three translation models not only have similarities but also have differences, with the similarities being that they all refer to faithful and free translation and the status of reader, the differences being that their focuses are quite different and their influence upon the present translation theory and practice vary.     

两种识别复杂噪声源的多输入频域模型

本文按多输入/单输出(MISO)频域模型对一台疲劳试验机工作状态下的噪声进行了测量与计算,获得了各部件振动辐射噪声的动态特性和有关数据,同时论述了用多输入/二输出(MITO)频域模型对双麦克风声强法的改进,以解决在机器中同时存在的非结构振动噪声源(如空气动力噪声、电磁噪声)以及互相耦合的多个声源的定量识别问题。     

花岗岩型铀矿床的三种成矿模式及其找矿意义

花岗岩型铀矿床的成因是多种多样的,作者认为可用“演化成矿”,“活化成矿”及“演化和活化混合成矿”三种成因模式概括华南花岗岩型铀矿床的成矿过程.对三种模式的成矿机理及找矿意义的研究表明,与不同成因系列产铀花岗岩有关的铀矿床成因专属性存在着差别.与改造型产铀花岗岩有关的铀矿床成因类型较多,上述三种成因模式均可见到,而与同熔型产铀花岗岩有关的铀矿床则以“演化成矿”为主.属不同成矿模式的铀矿床其铀富集机理和成矿过程也不尽相同,故其找矿判别标志也有所差异.     

自调匀整中的最小方差控制研究

在自调匀整方案中,应用以方差最小为性能指标的新的控制方案,对改善匀整效果具有现实意义。本文以此为目的,在已得到对象数学模型的基础上,推导了广义最小方差控制律,求得控制算式,研制了用微机实现控制的硬件和软件系统。现场试验表明:整定得好的新控制方案较之原有PI控制,输出棉条线密度方差确有明显战小。     

具有两个方差分量的一般随机效应线性模型中回归系数和参数的G-M估计

本文考虑具有两个方差分量的一般随机效应线性模型Y=Xβ e。对该模型随机回归系数和参数的线性可估函数Sα Qβ,给出了Sα Qβ的G—M估计存在的充要条件与其所有的G—M估计。