基于卷积神经网络及有限元仿真的电容层析成像图像重建

为求解电容层析成像(electrical capacitance tomography,ECT)图像重建非线性病态逆问题,提出基于一维卷积神经网络(one-dimensional convolutional neural network,1D CNN)的电容层析成像图像重建算法.通过1D CNN建立了ECT系统独立测量...     

基于砂岩数字岩芯图像的渗透率模拟与粗化

运用闵可夫斯基泛函,结合K-means聚类方法,对应用CT扫描获得的砂岩数字岩芯图像进行岩石类型的精细划分,将岩芯划分成为粗粒区、细粒区和过渡区,进而获得岩芯的精细分层。基于砂岩数字岩芯图像,应用岩芯驱替模拟变换法,模拟在不同驱替压力条件下岩芯中湿相与非湿相的分布状况。应用格子玻尔兹曼方法(LBM),对岩芯各个小层进行渗透率的计算模拟,并采用直接加权平均、回归各岩石类型孔-渗关系曲线以及去除薄层后回归各岩石类型孔-渗关系曲线3种方法,完成对岩芯渗透率参数的粗化,获得粗化后的渗透率参数和孔-渗关系曲线方程。     

Use of high-resolution X-ray computed tomography and 3D image analysis to quantify mineral dissemination and pore space in oxide copper ore particles

Mineral dissemination and pore space distribution in ore particles are important features that influence heap leaching performance. To quantify the mineral dissemination and pore space distribution of an ore particle, a cylindrical copper oxide ore sample (φ4.6 mm×5.6 mm) was scanned using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (HRXCT), a nondestructive imaging technology, at a spatial resolution of 4.85 μm. Combined with three-dimensional (3D) image analysis techniques, the main mineral phases and pore space were segmented and the volume fraction of each phase was calculated. In addition, the mass fraction of each mineral phase was estimated and the result was validated with that obtained using traditional techniques. Furthermore, the pore phase features, including the pore size distribution, pore surface area, pore fractal dimension, pore centerline, and the pore connectivity, were investigated quantitatively. The pore space analysis results indicate that the pore size distribution closely fits a log-normal distribution and that the pore space morphology is complicated, with a large surface area and low connectivity. This study demonstrates that the combination of HRXCT and 3D image analysis is an effective tool for acquiring 3D mineralogical and pore structural data.     

结节性甲状腺肿与甲状腺癌的CT鉴别诊断

目的:探讨结节性甲状腺肿与甲状腺癌的CT影像特点,旨在提高对甲状腺结节的诊断准确率.方法:对比分析29例结节性甲状腺肿和13例甲状腺癌的CT影像特征.结果:结节性甲状腺肿和甲状腺癌在发病年龄、性别比例、钙化发生率方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);结节性甲状腺肿与甲状腺癌在发病数目,囊变、平扫晕环征、增强后实性部分的密度、结节边缘情况、甲状腺包膜及颈部肿大淋巴结的差异有统计学意义(P(0.05).结论:CT平扫及增强对鉴别结节性甲状腺肿和甲状腺癌具有重要的价值.     

数字化ECT成像系统

基于电容敏感原理设计的数字化电容层析成像系统,利用有限元法,分析了阵列电极结构对敏感场分布的影响,通过优化设计和仿真试验,改善了敏感场分布的均匀性;构建了以DSP为核心、FPGA协同工作的12电极的数字化ECT系统,提出了由离线预迭代和在线一步成像所构成的新的图像重建算法——预迭代法,其成像速度及精度均明显提高．     

言语声学参数分析系统设计

结合实验语音学和传统语言学的研究方法,以不同语音类型所表现出的具有代表性的声学参数为基础,设计并实现了言语声学参数分析系统.其功能主要包括语音的自动切分、保存、语音类型标记、声学参数提取等语音分析的基本功能,为语音的分析和研究提供了方便的工具.     

电磁波CT揭露重大工程岩溶发育特征--以某地铁岩溶勘察为例

灰岩地区岩溶发育程度严重影响重大工程建设,以钻探为主的城市岩溶勘察,很难充分查明地下岩溶发育特征及规模,而高密度电法、浅层地震反射等其余地球物理方法因场地条件限制和干扰因素较多,在城市岩溶探测中很难实施。鉴于此,本文采用井间电磁波CT层析技术对某地铁进行岩溶探测,应用联合迭代重建技术（simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique 简称SIRT）进行反演,获取电磁波CT吸收系数等值线图,并通过吸收系数判断岩溶发育状态。研究结果表明：电磁波CT层析技术可较好揭露地下岩溶发育规模和特征,探测结果与钻孔资料揭露岩溶信息高度吻合。该方法的成功引入为重大工程岩溶探测提供了新思路,其探测成果结合钻孔信息可作为重大工程建设可靠的地质参考依据,具有较好的科学意义和推广价值。     

AM ultrasound-modulated optical tomography with realtime FFT

We report on a novel ultrasound-modulated optical tomographic technique applied in dense tissue-simulating turbid media. A 1 MHz ultrasound beam is focused into the media to modulate and tag the scattering laser light passing through the ultrasonic focused zone. A 10 kHz sinusoidal wave, as a detection wave, is carried by the ultrasound beam through amplitude-modulation (AM). The scattering photons that come from the focused zone carry the modulated information, received by detector and demodulated by real-time fast Fourier transform (FFT). The optical tomographic images of the tissue simulating media and buried object are reconstructed with AM spectral intensity. This method can be applied to imaging three-dimensional tissue structures with different optical parameters. For the first time, we obtained the tomography of buried objects in biological tissue phantoms with a detecting depth of 30 mm.     

电阻抗CT技术在人体上肢图象重建中的应用

人体实验是电阻抗ＣＴ技术应用于临床的重要研究课题之一。在研制了适用于人体上肢的环状无源３２－电极系统的基础之上,对不同受试者的上臂和前臂作了多组测试工作。文中给出了电阻抗ＣＴ逆问题计算的数学模型和人体实验的结果。结果表明：经过图象重建和处理后,基本符合人体上肢的解剖学特征,可以清晰地分辨出骨骼与肌肉组织。     

94例肺癌CT征象分析

目的：探讨肺鳞癌、肺腺癌的ＣＴ鉴别要点。方法：对５１例肺鳞癌及４３例肺腺癌的ＣＴ表现进行回顾性分析。结果：鳞癌７０．６％为中央型,２９．４％为周围型;腺癌４．７％为中央型,９５．３％为周围型。１５例周围型肺鳞癌均表现为肿块,而４１例周围型肺腺癌中,５例为局灶性实变,３例为两肺弥漫性实变与结节。在周围型肺癌中,肺腺癌肿块的毛刺征、胸膜凹陷征、小泡征及早期远处转移多见,三级支气管受累少见;而鳞癌的三级