原子团簇科学

原子团簇科学ＴｈｅＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｏｆＡｔｏｍｉｃＣｌｕｓｔｅｒｓ￥／／王广厚（南京大学物理系，教授南京２１０００８）近年来在物质结构的原子、分子和凝聚态两层次之间出现了原子团簇这一重要的科学领域，无论从其自身的科学价值或从多方面的应用前景来看，都有重...     

小鼠胚泡内细胞团分离方法的研究

以小鼠的早期胚胎为研究对象，对免疫手术分离内细胞团技术中抗血清制备，效价测定，胚胎毒性实验和免疫手术程序等关键问题做了较详细的论述，用一步法和二步法免疫手术分离的内细胞团经２４ｈ体外培养后的成活率分别为８３．６％和８９．３％。经小鼠嵌合体制备研究证实，改进的一步法免疫手术、操作简单，省时省力，有较强的实用性。     

团簇Y_3O,Y_3Oˉ和Y_3O~+的几何和电子结构

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法,在LANL2DZ基组下,对团簇Y3O、Y3O-、Y3O+的几何结构进行优化。结果表明,Y3O团簇的平衡构型都是四面体结构,具有CS对称性。Y3O的基态是两重态2A′,Y3O-的基态是三重态3A′′,Y3O+的基态是单一态1A′。计算得到的电子亲和能和电离能都与实验吻合。电荷分布和自旋密度分析表明团簇Y3O的性质主要取决于"碎块"Y3。     

Novel phototherapeutic agents： Investigation and progress of hypocrellin derivatives

Hypocrellins, as a kind of novel phototherapeutic agents, have several advantages over the clinically used hematoporphyrin derivatives, including high-excited triplet state yield, high phototoxicity, low dark toxicity, and rapid metabolism. However, they exhibit little absorption in the photodynamic window (600--900 nm) and are not water soluble, which limits their application in photodynamic therapy. Sulfonated and metal-ioned hypocrellins have been designed and synthesized to improve their water solubility.Unfortunately, the water-soluble derivatives obtained exhibit lower photodynamic activity than the parent hypocrellins.Thiolated and aminated hypocrellins have also been designed and synthesized to enlarge their photoresponse. Among them,the aminated hypocrellins possess the highest photodynamic activity. We recently have further designed and synthesized some amphiphilic aminated hypocrellin derivatives. Thus,not only the photoresponse but also the water solubility is enhanced. The experiments in vitro and in vivo on the derivatives are under way at present.     

黄雀、黄喉鹀延髓听觉神经核团的形态学研究与比较

用冰冻切片及尼氏染色法观察了鸣禽类黄雀(carduelisspinlaus)与黄喉鹀(Emberizaelegans)低位脑干中的听觉核团的位置、形态及细胞组成并进行了比较.结果表明,组成听觉上行通路第一级中继站的两对耳蜗核(Nucleuscochear),即延髓的巨细胞胲(Nuclcusmagnocellularis.NM)和角状核(Nucleusamgularis,NA)有明显的形态学差异.巨细胞核呈卵圆形,其细胞均为圆形或椭圆形,胞体较大,长径为25-30μm,突起较少.而角状核呈三角形,核内包含各种类型的细胞,其中有纺缍形、多极型和卵圆形等,胞体大小不等,长径为12-25μm,突起较长.由此提示这两对耳蜗核可能有不同的功能.延髓层状核(Nucleuslaminavis,NL)是听觉上行通路中的第二级中继站,核团呈棒状或卷曲状,中央部呈"Z”或"S”字形,细胞呈层状排列,胞体呈长梭形或多极型,长径为20-25μm,突起较长.本文为进一步研究鸣禽类的听觉机能及声源定位等提供了一定的形态学基础.     

纳米流体导热系数的团簇宏观分析模型

提出了以颗粒团聚成统计平均尺寸的团簇宏观特征量计算纳米流体（纳米颗粒悬浮液）导热系数的物理数学模型.计算远比作者在2003年建议和报道的分形模型法简便.计算示例与讨论表明：所倡导的数理模型可给出纳米流体导热系数可信的预示值,对筛选和优化纳米流体具有一定的指导意义.     

多体互作用对13-原子团簇相变特性的影响

采用M.I.Baskes的Lennard-Jones Embedded-Atom(LJ-EMA)势作为原子之间的互作用,结合常能分子动力学模拟,计算了13-原子团簇的热曲线、方均根键长起伏、比热、动能的短时平均、位移平方的平均、其它12个原子相对于中心原子的角分布函数,着重地计算了相变区域的情形,对团簇融化-凝固相变特性进行了较为详细的研究,得出多体作用力的大小增加、范围减小导致融化温度(动能)的降低和共存区域范围变小的结论;证实了在一定的总能范围内类固(solidlike)和类液(liquidlike)两类特性团簇的共存;进一步明确了两步过程(表面融化)的成因;观察到在三种较大多体互作用范围势的情况下,出现负比热;进一步揭示了热曲线斜率、方均根键长起伏、比热和动能的短时平均分布之间的关联。     

Linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties for the heptamethine cyanine chromophore H-aggregates thin film

The thin film of a heptamethine cyanine chromophore HC was prepared by spin-coating technique. Its surface morphology and linear optical property were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The results show that HC molecules are arranged in a well-ordered H-aggregate type. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the spin-coating film were also measured by degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) measurement. Enhanced third-order nonlinear susceptibility can be attributed to molecular aggregation effects, and the corresponding mechanism was dealt with by collective electronic oscillator (CEO) approach.     

浅议专家荐书团在图书采访工作中的作用

该文首先对图书出版业的现状进行分析,阐述了传统采购模式的利弊,得出专家荐书团必要性,论述了专家荐书团的图书采访模式的作用,对现今的高校图书馆采访模式有一定的借鉴意义.