甘氨酸与醋酸铜固相配位反应的热化学研究

用自行研制的具有恒定温度环境的反应热量计,以２ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＨＣＩ溶液为量热溶剂,测得甘氨酸与醋酸铜固相配位反应焓c＝３０．０８６ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１,从而计算了配合物ｔｒａｎｓ－Ｃｕ（Ｇｌｙ）２·Ｈ２Ｏ的标准生成焓△fHΦm＝１２５２．２６３ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１．     

量热法测定氯化铽甘氨酸配合物及其配离子的示准生成焓

采用具有恒温环境的反应量热计,在2 mol· L-1 HCl溶液中,分别测定[TbCl3·6H2O (s)+ 3Gly(s)]和配合物Tb(Gly)3Cl3·3 H2O(s)在298.15 K时的溶解焓.根据盖斯定律设计一个热化学循环,得到六水氯化铽和甘氨酸配位反应的反应焓Δr Hmθ(298.15 K)=-6.247...     

玻恩-哈伯热化学循环及其在无机化学中的应用

本文介绍了玻恩-哈伯热化学循环的原理,及其在无机化学方面的应用:即计算热化学数据、指导无机化合物的合成,研究化合物的热力学稳定性及计算标准电极电势等。并从热力学上进行讨论。     

物质的量和反应进度

本文对化学教学中的物质的量和反应进度的概念和应用进行了讨论,并对它们之间的联系和区别进行了辨析.     

高超声速热化学非平衡绕流分布式并行计算

讨论了非结构网格高超声速热化学非平衡绕流流场的分布式并行数值模拟方法．流动控制方程为多组分Navier-Stokes方程,化学反应模型为考虑了弱电离效应的七组元空气反应模型及双温模型．控制方程的空间离散采用Jameson有限体积法,时间推进为显式5步Runge—Kutta法．采用基于区域分裂的分布式并行计算方法,对整体计算区域进行了以各子区单元数为负载均衡条件的划分．使用PVM并行机制在PCs—Cluster机群上对二维钝头体高超声速热化学非平衡绕流进行了分布式并行计算,得到了与串行计算及文献相符合的计算结果．     

生物质热化学转化定向制备燃气、合成气发展现状及趋势预测

随着人类对能源需求的日益剧增和化石能源的枯竭,生物质能源成为极具前景的未来能源,并成为国内外众多学者研究和关注的热点.本文综述了生物质能源热化学定向制备富氢燃气和合成气的技术发展状况,并提出我国西南地区生物质能源在该领域技术发展方向.     

Simulation experiments on the reaction system of CH4-MgSO4-H2O

H2S-rich gas in carbonate reservoirs is usually attributed to thermochemical sulfate reduction （TSR）. In this paper, thermal simulation experiments on the reaction system of CH4-MgSO4-H2O were carried out using autoclave at 425℃--525℃. The threshold temperature for initiating TSR is much lower than our previous studies （550℃）. Properties of the reaction products were analyzed by microcoulometry, gas-chromatography （GC）, Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry （FT-IR） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） methods. Thermodynamics and reaction kinetics of TSR processes were investigated on the basis of the experimental data. The results show that thermochemical reduction of magnesium sulfate with methane can proceed spontaneously to produce magnesium oxide, hydrogen sulfur, and carbon dioxide as the main products, and high temperature is thermodynamically favorable to the reaction. Ac- cording to the reaction model, the calculated activation energy of TSR is 101.894 kJ/mol, which is lower than that by most previous studies. Mg^2＋ may have played a role of catalytic action in the process of TSR. The elementary steps of TSR and reaction mechanism were discussed tentatively. The study can provide important information on the explanation of geochemical depth limit for natural gas and on the generation of high H2S gas in deep carbonates reservoirs.     

Standard molar enthalpy of formation of morin studied by rotating-bomb combustion calorimetry

Flavonols are plant pigments that are ubiquitous in nature. Morin and other related plant flavonols have come into recent prominence because of their usefulness as anticancer, anti-tumor, anti-AIDS, and other important therapeutic activities of significant potency and low systemic toxicity. The heat of combustion of morin (molecular formula, C₁₅H₁₀O₇·H₂O) in oxygen was measured by a rotating-bomb type combustion calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpy of combustion of morin at T = 298.15 K was determined to be Δ_c H _m^⦵ (C₁₅H₁₀O₇·H₂O, s) = −(5 937.99 ± 2.99) kJ · mol⁻¹. The derived standard molar enthalpy of the formation of morin in solid powder state at T = 298.15 K, Δ_f H _m^⦵ (C₁₅H₁₀O₇·H₂O, s), was −(1 682.12 ± 3.58) kJ · mol⁻¹, which provide an accurate data of the stability of morin to the pharmacy and pharmacology. Biography: HOU Hanna(1956–), female, Visiting researcher, Associate professor of Hubei University of Education, research direction: thermochemistry.     

小球藻热解特性及其液化制油实验分析

以小球藻为研究对象,通过热重分析,研究不同钠盐催化剂及其用量对微分热重曲线的影响,确定小球藻热解最佳催化剂种类及用量.利用自行设计的直接热化学藻类油化实验装置,通过改变最佳催化剂用量,调查其对小球藻油化产物分布以及油产率的影响,并利用GC/MS分析得到油产品成分的含量,同时对油化过程进行了能量衡算.结果表明:3种钠盐催化剂均使小球藻热解反应向低温区移动,钠化合物的催化作用依次为Na2CO3Na2SO4NaCl,其中碳酸钠催化作用最显著;从微分热重曲线分析可知,催化剂中钠离子质量为小球藻样品质量5%时为理想用量,在直接热化学液化法小球藻油化实验中,碳酸钠的钠离子质量为小球藻质量的5%时,可获得较大的油产率62.58%,与热重分析结果相吻合.通过GC/MS分析得到产品油化学成分与重油相近.产品油的热值很高,为32.4,MJ/kg.能量回收率为78.2%.     

高氯酸镧和甘氨酸及丙氨酸混配型配合物的热化学研究

合成了高氯酸镧和甘氨酸、丙氨酸的混配型配合物.经化学分析、热重、差热、及与有关文献对比,确定其组成为{La2(Gly)5(Ala)3(ClO4)6·2H2O}n,纯度为98.85%.用溶解量热法在具有恒定温度的反应热量计上分别测定了298.15K时反应物和产物在2mol·L-1的HCl中的溶解焓.设计一热化学循环求出配位反应的焓变△rHm,进而计算出配合物的标准生成焓:ΔfHm (La2(Gly)5(Ala)3(ClO4)6·2H2O)=-7146.92kJ·mol-1.