板坯连铸结晶器及振动装置的研究

从传热学和结构力学角度,分析了结晶器的温度场和应力场,采用解析法和有限元法计算了结晶器的热应力和变形.针对原来的正弦振动机构存在的问题,提出了改进方案:采用椭圆齿轮变速器实现非正弦振动,并分析了改造后的结晶器的振动规律.同时,对结晶器与板坯之间的摩擦力加以分析.采用非正弦振动使负滑脱时间短,正滑脱时间长,结晶器向上运动速度与铸坯运动速度差较小.振痕深度大为减轻,减少坯壳与结晶器的摩擦力,减少粘结漏钢,提高连铸机拉坯速度,铸坯表面质量明显提高.     

一种改进的重复控制系统及其应用

通过在基本重复控制系统中引入低通滤波器,同时引入另外两个前向系数,改善了闭环系统的稳定性和进一步提高了系统响应的跟踪精度．采用数字化技术,将这种改进的重复控制系统实施于一个实际的机电装置上,展现出良好的跟踪性能和抗干扰的鲁棒性．     

夹克泡沫保温管道结构热效应分析

研究了夹克泡沫保温管道在保持钢管、泡沫层和夹克管同步变形时,钢管与泡沫、泡沫与夹克间接触面的剪切力,横截面上各部分轴力、应力以及轴向变形。结果表明,各接触面剪切力略大于管道所处环境与夹克间的摩擦阻力,在实际生产中应保证管道中各种材料间的接触面具有一定的抗剪切强度,工程中应尽量减小环境对管道的约束。且在进行强度和变形计算时,可忽略泡沫和夹克的影响。     

Force modeling for needle insertion into soft tissue based on mechanical properties and geometric parameters

The force model during needle insertion into soft tissue is important for accurate percutaneous intervention.In this paper,a force model for needle insertion into a tissue-equivalent material is presented and a series of experiments are conducted to acquire data from needle soft-tissue interaction process.In order to build a more accurate insertion force model,the interaction force between a surgical needle and soft tissue is divided into three parts：stiffness force,friction force,and cutting force.The stiffness force is modeled on the basis of contact mechanics model.The friction force model is presented using a modified Winkler＇s foundation model.The cutting force is viewed as a constant depending on a given tissue.The proposed models in the paper are established on the basis of the mechanical properties and geometric parameters of the needle and soft tissue.The experimental results illustrate that the force models are capable of predicting the needle-tissue interaction force.The force models of needle insertion can provide real-time haptic feedback for robot-assisted procedures,thereby improving the accuracy and safety of surgery.     

水平井下套管摩阻分析计算

通过分析带扶正器套管柱的受力与变形,导出了套管柱在水平井中的摩阻计算模型。模型考虑了管柱单元体的刚性效应及套管扶正器的影响,同时对实测井斜数据进行平滑和插值处理。在克拉玛依油田的试验水平井HW701中用该模型开发的软件预测了完井套管柱下入的摩阻力和井口载荷,预测结果与实测结果吻合较好。     

用模态方法分析轮胎印迹内摩擦力及不同表面垂直特性

模态参数反映了物理系统的本质特征。利用模态参数对轮胎的垂直特性进行了建模,建立了接地印迹内摩擦力分布的计算模型,其结果与实验结果相符合。还发现轮胎的垂直特性与地面和轮胎之间的附着系数有关,这是以往建模方法所不能做到的。分别对轮胎与平面、轮胎与转鼓曲面相接触的垂直特性进行了建模。两者之间的关系与以往基于试验的经验公式所得结果是一致的。显示出利用模态参数对轮胎不同工况特性建模的优越性。     

神经网络在伺服系统中进行摩擦力补偿的方法

由于非线性摩擦力的存在,很难用传统的方法对其进行建模。首先讨论了摩擦力及其描述方法,在通过用神经网络对被控对象进行建模的基础之上,利用自适应逆模型神经网络控制器并联PID反馈控制器对控制对象中的摩擦力进行了补偿,并通过一直流伺服系统的仿真试验,验证了该方法是可行的。     

Nano-Structured Carbide-Derived Carbon Films and Their Tribology

Carbide-derived carbon （CDC） is a form of carbon produced by reacting metal carbides, such as SiC or TiC, with halogens at temperatures high enough to produce fast kinetics, but too low to permit the rearrangement of the carbon atoms into an equilibrium graphitic structure. The structure of CDC is derivative of the original carbide structure and contains nanoscale porosity and both sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon in a variety of nanoscale structures. CDC can be produced as a thin film on hard carbides to improve their tribological performance. CDC coatings are distinguished by their low friction coefficients and high wear resistance in many important industrial environments and by their resistance to spallation and delamination. The tribology of CDC coatings on SiC surfaces is described in detail.     

基于LuGre摩擦模型的气缸摩擦力特性实验

为准确测量气缸的实际摩擦力,建立基于伺服电机速度控制的气缸摩擦力测试台,以一无杆气缸为例对其在不同气压、速度下的摩擦力进行测试分析,提出基于LuGre摩擦模型的各个动态和静态参数辨识和建模方法,并进一步研究供气压力和两腔压差对各个参数的影响.研究结果表明,被测气缸的库仑摩擦力、黏性摩擦系数和最大静摩擦力随着供气压力、两腔差压增大而变大;动态参数则与气压关系不大.     

连铸结晶器摩擦力在线检测方法研究

对液压振动下的板坯连铸结晶器摩擦力检测方法——摩擦功法进行了研究,阐述了摩擦功法的检测原理和实现方法,并通过现场试验对检测方法误差进行了分析和验证.基于板坯连铸结晶器摩擦力的现场实测数据,讨论了拉速变化对摩擦力影响,并对正弦和非正弦振动方式下的摩擦力检测结果进行了分析.结果表明,运用摩擦功法进行摩擦力检测,能够很好地反映铸坯与结晶器之间的摩擦和润滑状况,为摩擦功法用于液压振动下铸坯与结晶器之间摩擦力的在线检测提供了理论参考和实验依据.