A novel TiO2 with a large amount of bulk intrinsic defects-Visible-light-responded photocatalytic activity induced by foreign trap

A novel TiO2 (anatase) containing a large amount of single electron trapped oxygen vacancies (SETOV) was prepared by dehydration of titanic acid nanotubes. This novel TiO2 contains high concentration intrinsic defects in bulk structure, while its surface still remains the stoichiometric structure to protect them. And this novel TiO2 itself has the visible light absorption without any doping, so we call it as the third generation of TiO2 . However, it is regretted that this novel TiO2 (A) only has photocatalytic activity under UV light irradiation, and was inactive for the visible light. The true reasons for this phenomenon were investigated by the transient IR absorption and photoluminescence spectra. Through constructing the foreign electron traps (PdO, PtO2 ), the photocatalytic oxidation of propylene under visible light irradiation was successfully achieved. The removal yield of propylene (C3H6 ) reached 7.6% and 28% on 2 wt.% PtO2 /novel TiO2 and 2 wt.% PdO/novel TiO2 , respectively. By comparison with the noble metal electron traps (Pt, Pd), we found that the effective foreign electron traps need to satisfy two conditions: (1) its work function should situate in the range of Eg(TiO2 ); (2) O2 adsorbes on it undissociatively. This work opens up a new route for the investiga- tion of solar-energy-available TiO2 .     

Photocatalytic degradation of microcystin-LR using TiO2 nanotubes under irradiation with UV and natural sunlight

In order to investigate the catalytic performance of anodic TiO2 nanotubes and their practical application in the treatment of refractory microcystins(MCs) in natural-water samples,TiO2 nanotubes of diameter of 50-80 nm were fabricated by anodization in C2H2O4·2H2O containing NH4F.Under irradiation with natural sunlight,MC-LR was totally degraded after 1 d using the anodic TiO2 nanotubes.In contrast,the removal efficiency without TiO2 nanotubes was as low as 47.7% within 20 d.In addition,a mixture of anatase and rutile TiO2 gave higher photocatalytic activity than the single phase did.The pH also influenced the adsorption capacity of the TiO2 nanotubes.The order of MC-LR degradation efficiencies at different pH values was 3.5 > 8.0 > 10.0.After five repeated experiments on the degradation of MC-LR for 7 h,the degradation efficiency was still stable.     

有序含氮介孔碳对金属离子的吸附性能

以SBA-15为硬模板,吡咯为含氮碳源,通过硬模板法合成了有序含氮介孔碳(NMC).该材料具有高度有序开放的介孔结构,比表面积和孔容分别为647m2/g和0.8cm3/g,最可几孔径为3.5nm,碳氮比为11.3,其表面具有多种含孤对电子或带正、负电子的官能团,且具有良好的热稳定性.对Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)和Mn(Ⅶ)等离子的吸附研究表明:在50ml/L稀溶液中,该材料对各金属离子的平衡吸附量依次为Cu(Ⅱ)>Cr(Ⅵ)>>Ni(Ⅱ)～Zn(Ⅱ)>>Mn(Ⅶ),对Cu(Ⅱ)离子表现出选择性吸附,溶液中98%以上Cu(Ⅱ)离子可被吸附.NMC对Cu(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)离子的吸附行为遵循Langmuir等温吸附方程,且有高饱和吸附容量,分别高达120.7mg/g和322.6mg/g,为有序介孔碳(CMK-3)的1.4和2.1倍.该材料循环使用3次后,依然保持很好的吸附性能.     

CNTs/Fe_3O_4/TiO_2纳米复合材料的制备和表征

采用水热法以钛酸四丁酯为前躯物制备了CNTs/Fe3O4/TiO2纳米复合材料,利用x射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)分析了样品的微观结构和形貌,结果表明实验成功在CNTs/Fe3O4表面负载了锐钛矿型TiO2;样品在水中有良好的分散性和磁场可控性。     

微流控芯片上样品连续介电过滤及微藻检测

报道一种可全自动、顺序实现样品中杂质颗粒介电过滤和目标颗粒电阻脉冲检测、计数和尺寸判定的微流控芯片装置.根据杂质颗粒与目标颗粒尺寸和介电特性的不同,在芯片通道上顺序设计了介电泳(DEP)分离区和电阻脉冲(RPS)检测区,通过理论模拟,优化并确定芯片结构和尺寸,并进行实验验证,实现了3μm聚苯乙烯杂质颗粒的介电过滤以及近头状伪蹄形藻的检测和计数.研究表明:颗粒收集通道的位置布置对于颗粒的收集效果有重要影响;检测到的近头状伪蹄形藻的RPS信号信噪比(＞20)较高,即DEP分离用的高压电源并没有明显影响RPS信号的信噪比.本研究对于发展成分复杂的单细胞生物样品快速检测和分析的微流控芯片便携式设备具有一定的借鉴价值.     

白蜡多年卧孔菌发酵培养条件优化的研究

对白蜡多年卧孔菌最佳发酵培养条件进行了探索,其摇床发酵最优培养条件为：葡萄糖37.7 g/L,酵母粉8.3g/L,磷酸二氢钾6.31 g/L;培养温度30℃,500 mL三角瓶装液量200 mL,初始pH值为6,摇床转速180r/min,10％接种量培养7d,最大产量达到15.46 g/L.发酵罐最优培养条件为：葡萄糖37.7 g/L,酵母粉8.3g/L,磷酸二氢钾6.31 g/L,培养温度30℃,装液量6L/10L,初始pH为6,搅拌速度380 r/min,10％接种量培养120h,最大产量达到19.47 g/L.     

小型轴类零件上的小孔加工工艺分析

对于一些小型轴类零件上斜面上的小孔,通常需采用专用钻具来进行加工。而专用钻具的加工尤为关键。本文对于此类型零件从加工到检测进行分析,旨在保证加工后的质量,满足零件的需要。     

硅基介孔材料负载手性金属催化剂的研究进展

近年来,以有序的介孔硅基材料为载体报道的负载手性金属催化剂受到了广泛的关注,它们的易制备、高活性和可重复利用特点也为其工业化提供了可能.简要综述了硅基介孔材料的负载策略及常见的硅基介孔材料负载手性金属催化剂.     

阶梯孔磁壳的冷挤压工艺研究

根据阶梯孔磁壳零件的结构特点,采用锻造分析软件Qform3D对其冷挤压一次反挤成形方案和改进方案进行数值模拟分析。经工艺分析及参数计算,分两次挤压成形减少了模具对变形材料的约束,增大了金属流动速度,降低了挤压力。因此确定分两次挤压的改进方案为阶梯孔磁壳零件的合理工艺方案,对该零件的生产应用具有重要的指导意义。     

掺杂方式对Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷微结构及性能的影响

采用溶-凝胶法制备Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷粉末,以传统陶瓷制备工艺制备Mg元素掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷．研究MgO掺杂量为1．6％（质量分数）时,MgO固相掺杂和Mg计湿化学法掺杂两种不同的掺杂方式对Mg掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷显微结构及电学性能的影响．研究结果表明,当Mg掺杂量相同时,掺杂方式对Mg掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3。陶瓷的显微结构和电学特性有显著的影响,相比纯的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷,两种掺杂方式中,Mg2＋湿化学法掺杂相对于MgO固相掺杂,在BSZT陶瓷中的分布更均匀,替位程度更高,所以其对介电常数的影响也相对更大．而MgO固相掺杂相对于Mg2＋湿化学法掺杂明显地促进了陶瓷晶粒的生长,提高了陶瓷的致密性,同时其击穿电场和电阻率也有较大提高．1350℃下烧结的固相MgO掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷性能较优,介电常数约为590,介电损耗低于0．0005,电阻率为7．78×10^13Ω·mm,击穿场强为6．56kV／mm．