A simple and effective method for total RNA isolation of appressoria in Magnaporthe oryzae

Appressorium formation is an important event in establishing a successful interaction between the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, and its host plant, rice. An understanding of molecular events occurring in appressorium differentiation will give new strategies to control rice blast. A quick and reliable method to extract total RNA from appressorium is essential for studying gene expression during appressorium formation and its mechanism. We found that duplicate film is an efficient substratum for appressorium formation, even when inoculated with high density conidia. When inoculated with conidia at 1 × 106 ml^-1, the percentages of conidium germination and appressorium formation were （97.98±0.67）% and （97.88±0.45）%, respectively. We applied Trizol before appressorium collection for total RNA isolation, and as much as 113.6 lag total RNA was isolated from the mature appressoria at 24 h after inoculation. Functional analysis of two genes, MNH6 and MgATG1, isolated from the cDNA subtractive library, revealed that the quantity of RNA was good enough to construct a cDNA （complementary DNA） library or a cDNA subtractive library. This method may be also applicable for the appressorium RNA isolation of other pathogenic fungi in which conidia differentiate into appressoria in the early stages of host infection.     

Clinical investigation of surgery for intermittent exotropia

Objective： To investigate the time and postoperative binocular vision of strabismus surgery for children with intermittent exotropia （X（T））. Methods： A retrospective investigation was conducted in 80 child patients with intermittent exotropia. Pre- and postoperative angles of deviation fixating at near （33 cm） and distant targets （6 m） were measured with the prolonged alternate cover testing. The binocular function was assessed with synoptophore. Twenty-one patients took the postoperative synoptophore exercise. Results： （1） A week after surgery, 96.2% of the 80 patients had binocular normotopia, while a year after surgery, 91.3% of the 80 patients had binocular normotopia; （2） Preoperatively, 58 patients had near stereoacuity, while postoperatively, 72 patients achieved near stereoacuity （P〈0.05）; （3） Preoperatively, 64 patients had Grade Ⅰ for the synoptophore evaluation and postoperatively, 76 patients achieved Grade Ⅰ. Meanwhile, 55 patients had Grade Ⅱ preoperatively and 72 achieved Grade Ⅱ postoperatively. For Grade Ⅲ, there were 49 patients preoperatively and 64 patients postoperatively （P〈0.05）; （4） Patients of 5-8 years old had a significantly better recovery rate of binocular vision than those of 9-18 years old （P〈0.05）; （5） Patients taking postoperative synoptophore exercise had a better binocular vision than those taking no exercise （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： （1） Strabismus surgery can help to preserve or restore the binocular vision for intermittent exotropia; （2） Receiving the surgery at young ages may develop better postoperative binocular vision; （3） The postoperative synoptophore exercise can help to restore the binocular vision.     

甘薯脱毒试管苗瓶外生根的研究

试管苗瓶外生根技术是组培工厂化育苗中一项具有很大应用价值的实用技术。以甘薯脱毒试管苗为材料,对瓶外生根进行了研究。结果表明,试管苗质量、基质、生长素均能影响试管苗的瓶外生根;污染试管苗用瓶外生根技术可达到84．5％的生根率;采用瓶外生根后移栽的方式获得的移栽苗比炼苗后移栽的方式高124．74％,可使移栽成活率提高3％。     

柔性变胞机构动力学建模及仿真研究

基于柔性变胞机构由于特殊的结构和运动形式,其动力学方程是非线性的,基于第一类拉格朗日方程,推导出柔性变胞机构任意构态柔性体的质量矩阵、刚度矩阵及广义主动力矩阵,建立柔性变胞机构任意构态的动力学控制方程,为实现对柔性变胞机构的精确控制打下基础;另外,根据杆件增加和减少两种情况下的构态变换矩阵推导出全构态柔性变胞机构的动力学模型.以4构态的柔性变胞机构为例,建立动力学方程并仿真验证所建立的全构态动力学模型的正确性和有效性.     

产环氧化物水解酶菌种的筛选及发酵条件优化

以外消旋苯基环氧乙烷为唯一碳源,从土壤中筛选出编号为G7的菌株,能选择性水解外消旋苯基环氧乙烷而得到(S)-苯基环氧乙烷,对映体过量值(e.e)达到99.3%。经鉴定菌种G7属于枯草芽胞杆菌。对该菌株的发酵条件进行了优化,结果表明,当培养基成分为蔗糖10g/L,胰蛋白胨10g/L,Na₂HPO₄·12H₂O 2g/L,KH₂PO₄ 2g/L,MgSO₄ 0.2g/L,CaCl₂ 0.01g/L,pH 6.5,30℃培养25h,环氧化物水解酶活力达到最高值372.2U/mg。     

铁筷子多糖抑制小鼠S180肉瘤生长的免疫调节作用

本文通过观察荷瘤小鼠体内细胞因子水平与荷瘤小鼠体内肿瘤大小的关系,探讨铁筷子多糖（Helleborus thibetanus Franch polysaccharose HFPS）抑制小鼠S180肉瘤生长的有关免疫学机制。得出结论：铁筷子多糖可能通过促进荷瘤小鼠免疫细胞及体内免疫分子的作用增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能,从而达到抗肿瘤作用。     

变截面管道中爆轰胞格演变机制的数值模拟研究

应用频散可控耗散格式和基元化学反应模型模拟了二维爆轰波在变截面管道中的传播过程;研究了由于流动压缩和膨胀的影响,近壁面区域爆轰波横波和胞格的演变规律;通过分析爆轰波后气体组分变化、化学反应速率、反应区尺度和热力学参数,探讨了两种异常爆轰波的传播机制及其化学反应、反射激波和稀疏波在这些异常爆轰波发展和胞格演化过程的作用．     

不可测集的性质

研究了不可测集的性质:如果一列互不相交的集合并集的外测度小于外测度的和,则其中至少有两个是不可测集。通过具体例子说明:存在一列互不相交的不可测集使得它们并集的外测度小于外测度的和。     

多糖对人胃癌SGC7901细胞生长抑制

以培养的人胃癌SGC7901细胞为对象,研究了用多糖处理后培养细胞的变化特征.结果显示,多糖可以抑制人胃癌SGC7901细胞的增殖,并呈现出对剂量和时间的依赖性.用1.0×10-2g/mL的多糖处理培养细胞48h后,出现典型的形态学凋亡现象和明显的DNA片段化,细胞凋亡率达到40%左右.随着细胞凋亡的发生,BCL-2蛋白的表达下降,而BAX蛋白的表达上升.因此,结果表明多糖可以通过诱导细胞发生凋亡来抑制人胃癌SGC7901细胞的生长,从而达到治疗胃癌的目的.