投标合谋环境下产业升级的逆向演化研究

投标合谋行为已成为全国性、多领域的群体性违规问题,其存在不仅对我国经济造成了巨大损失,同时也阻碍了行业的健康有序发展.为研究投标合谋行为自身演化规律及其对产业发展的影响,给相关的监管和治理提供参考,本文基于复杂适应系统理论,运用NetLogo多主体仿真平台构建招投标系统并进行演化仿真,最后运用SPSS对所得数据进行回归分析,探索在市场封闭、单纯开放市场、有条件开放市场3种市场情景下合谋比例与报价比例对产业演化过程和结果的影响.研究表明:投标合谋行为会产生"逆向淘汰"效应,不利于降低行业成本,最终导致产业升级逆向演化;合谋行为存在"自我强化"现象;合谋行为会提高合谋者生存几率,但无助于其资本积累;单纯开放市场无助于产业升级,必须配合反合谋审查;现实中应重点对报价比例为0.1到0.3的单位进行合谋审查.     

Template/surfactant free and UV light irradiation assisted fabrication of Mn-Co oxides composite nanorings: Structure and synthesis mechanism

A facile, green, cost effective, and template or surfactant free strategy via a two-step route i.e. UV irradiation followed by dissolution-growth for the controlled synthesis of Mn-Co composite nanorings at room temperature was proposed. The nanorings structures and the process were systematically studied via TEM, HRTEM, EDX and XRD. Bir-MnO_2 nanosheets first formed through the direct photolysis of KMnO_4 under UV light irradiation. This was followed by a dissolution-growth process via the dissolution of Bir-MnO_2 nanosheets by the generated H~+ from the redox reaction between the added Co(NO_3)_2 and residual KMnO_4, as well as the accompanied formation of CoOOH, and Mn-Co composite nanorings. It was found that a balance between the dissolution and growth rate was needed. Suitable pH, KMnO_4 presence and the starting nanosheets like Bir-MnO_2 were the key factors for the formation of nanorings. The obtained Mn-Co nanorings/TiO_2 showed enhanced efficiency for the catalytic oxidation of HCHO. Based on the above understandings, it is believed that the developed dissolution-growth method can be adopted for the designing and preparation of other Mn-Co composite nanostructures which can be further applied for environmental pollution remediation.     

实时三维超声心动图与二维斑点追踪成像技术共同评价心肌梗死患者左室收缩功能与同步性

目的探讨二维斑点追踪成像(2D-STI)及实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)评价AMI患者左心室收缩功能和各节段运动的同步性.方法 50例急性心肌梗死患者为病例组,30例正常体检者为对照组,应用CMQ软件获取各节段径向圆周应变及应变率曲线,然后转变为RT-3DE模式,得到17节段时间-体积曲线(VTC),并获得收缩功能以及非同步收缩参数.结果 1)与对照组相比,心肌梗死组3个水平所有节段径向应变值和圆周应变值均减低;2)心梗组患者Trs-SD,Tcs-SD,Trsr-SD,Tcsr-SD明显高于对照组(P0.05);3)与单支冠状动脉病变心梗组比较,多支冠状动脉病变心梗组LVEDV,LVESV显著增加,LVEF显著减小;4)病例组患者左室Tmsv17-SD,Tmsv17-Dif,Tmsv17-SD%,Tmsv17-Dif%均较对照组增大(P0.05).结论 RT-3DE和2D-STI可以准确地量化左室收缩功能,评价AMI患者左室运动的同步性,左室收缩功能障碍也影响收缩同步性.     

某岩质陡崖边坡崩塌地质灾害成因及治理设计分析

以某岩质陡崖边坡崩塌地质灾害治理工程项目为依托,对崩塌地质灾害形成的主要诱发因素,如地形条件、地层岩性、降雨以及人类活动等进行了比较详细的介绍,为事故原因的定性提供相关依据。同时,针对现场实际情况及边坡稳定性分析结果提出一系列治理措施,为今后的具体工程实践提供相关理论依据及技术参考。     

乐脉胶囊TLC鉴别方法的研究

优选薄层色谱(TLC)鉴别方法对乐脉胶囊中的丹参、川芎、赤芍、红花、香附、木香和山楂进行定性鉴别研究。结果表明丹参、川芎、赤芍、香附和木香色谱斑点清晰,阴性空白无干扰;而红花和山楂结果有干扰,在本品中无法建立有效的薄层色谱鉴别方法。研究表明所建立的丹参、川芎、赤芍、香附和木香的薄层色谱鉴别方法专属性强,方法可靠,可作为乐脉胶囊的定性控制方法。
     

高速铁路路堤传递地基差异沉降特性及控制限值研究

为研究高速铁路地基差异沉降在路堤中的传递扩散特性,运用有限元方法,分析了路基在小变形条件下地基差异沉降与路基面不均匀变形的映射关系,并在得到土工离心模型试验校正的基础上,讨论了地基差异沉降模式、路堤高度等因素对路基面不均匀变形的影响规律.研究表明:地基差异沉降在路堤中的扩散程度随地基差异沉降渐变段长度与路堤高度比值的增大而减小,比值大于3~5以后,地基差异沉降与路基面不均匀变形具有良好的一致性;路基面不均匀变形与地基差异沉降呈正相关性,并随路堤高度、地基差异沉降渐变段长度的增加而减小;基于路基面不均匀变形限值提出了地基差异沉降控制标准,丰富了高速铁路路基沉降变形控制技术指标体系.     

Empirical likelihood inference for logistic equation with random perturbation

Empirical likelihood (EL) combined with estimating equations (EE) provides a modern semi-parametric alternative to classical estimation techniques such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). This paper not only uses closed form of conditional expectation and conditional variance of Logistic equation with random perturbation to perform maximum empirical likelihood estimation (MELE) for the model parameters, but also proposes an empirical likelihood ratio statistic (ELRS) for hypotheses concerning the interesting parameter. Monte Carlo simulation results show that MELE and ELRS provide competitive performance to parametric alternatives.     

A partial robust optimization approach to inventory management for the offline-to-online problem under different selling prices

This study examines an optimal inventory strategy when a retailer markets a product at different selling prices through a dual-channel supply chain, comprising an online channel and an offline channel. Using the operating pattern of the offline-to-online (O2O) business model, we develop a partial robust optimization (PRO) model. Then, we provide a closed-form solution when only the mean and standard deviation of the online channel demand distribution is known and the offline channel demand follows a uniform distribution (partial robust). Specifically, owing to the good structural properties of the solution, we obtain a heuristic ordering formula for the general distribution case (i.e., the offline channel demand follows a general distribution). In addition, a series of numerical experiments prove the rationality of our conjecture. Moreover, after comparing our solution with other possible policies, we conclude that the PRO approach improves the performance of incorporating the internet into an existing supply chain and, thus, is able to adjust the level of conservativeness of the solution. Finally, in a degenerated situation, we compare our PRO approach with a combination of information approach. The results show that the PRO approach has more “robust” performance. As a result, a reasonable trade-off between robustness and performance is achieved.     

高速铁路隧道围岩纵向变形曲线研究

隧道开挖过程中开挖面具有空间约束效应,纵向变形曲线(LDP)是这一空间效应的直观反映.目前,采用数值拟合方法进行LDP的研究主要集中于拟合形式、影响因素等方面,且大多是基于圆形隧道展开,并未考虑断面形式造成的影响.为此,本文总结具有代表性的纵向变形曲线公式,对其适用范围及特点进行比较,研究VD公式在高速铁路隧道下的适用性.结果表明:利用高铁隧道断面进行数值计算时,隧道半径建议采用等效半径;最大塑性区半径建议统一采用拱顶位置塑性区半径;采用与圆形隧道下相同形式的公式可以取得良好的拟合效果,具体表现为隧道前方LDP公式一致,掌子面处变形释放系数公式和隧道后方LDP公式拟合参数不同但差别不大.