微尾鼩的食性与防治初探

通过对微尾鼩胃容物的检验及个体饲养研究,以确定其食物组成和取食特性,并结合其生态地位来对其种群进行防治。结果表明微尾鼩主食蚯蚓及各类昆虫、肉类等,对各类作物的种子也有明显的喜好性,偶尔会取食某些绿色植物的茎杆、叶片。分析结果表明,可使用能降低其繁殖力的非毒杀饵料来控制其种群数量。     

硫酸庆大霉素聚乳酸微球的制备及其体外缓释度的测定

以硫酸庆大霉素为囊心物质,采用复乳法制备了硫酸庆大霉素-聚乳酸微球（gentamycin sulfate-polylactic acid-microspheres,GTMS-PLA-MS）,比较了不同制备条件下所得微球的差异.扫描电镜（SEM）测试表明微球外观呈球形并且多孔,两种条件下制备的微球平均粒径分别为6.67 μm和11.70μm,药物包封率分别为37.52%和49.19%.用差热分析法（DTA）分析微球得知,硫酸庆大霉素与聚乳酸两种物质相互融为一体.以pH=7.4的磷酸盐缓冲溶液为释药介质,用紫外分光光度法（UV）对载药微球的体外释药过程进行了试验.结果表明,微球在最初20 min有突释效应,此后是缓慢释药,最终累积释药量达95%以上.     

优势黄杆菌对蒽、菲、芘混合物的降解特征研究

为探索混合多环芳烃的生物降解特征，利用两株优势黄杆菌，对混合蒽、菲、芘进行了降解研究．高效液相色谱分析表明，混合多环芳烃的降解56．3％～69．6％在前10h内完成，其生物降解进程和单基质相似，但降解效率低于单基质．混合体系中蒽、菲、芘在不同菌株作用下有按特定优先顺序降解的特征，但两株黄杆菌(FCN1和FCN2)的混合菌并不促进混合多环芳烃的降解．降解130h后，体系中蒽、菲、芘消除，但总有机碳去除率仅达到60．1％～72．7％，说明部分多环芳烃转化为中间代谢产物．菌数测定表明，FCN1和FCN2利用多环芳烃及其降解中间产物繁殖生长，菌数最高时分别增长200倍和100倍，但菌数增长滞后于多环芳烃的浓度变化．研究表明，混合多环芳烃之间具有降解竞争抑制特征，且其生物降解具有规律性．     

Nb微合金化对低合金高强钢耐海水腐蚀性能的影响

利用室内模拟海水加速腐蚀试验及电化学分析,研究了Nb微合金化对Cu-Cr-Ni-P系低合金高强钢耐海水腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,含Nb钢与不含Nb钢组织均由铁素体和珠光体构成,但Nb微合金化后钢中珠光体组织减少且晶粒细化明显,其在模拟海水介质中的平均腐蚀速率与不含Nb钢相比,降低了约12%,阳极腐蚀电流密度也有所降低。由此可见,在Cu-Cr-Ni-P系低合金高强钢中加入Nb元素有助于提高其耐海水腐蚀性能。     

粒度组成对KR搅拌头用浇注料性能的影响

以Andreassen颗粒紧密堆积理论为基础,研究KR搅拌头外衬莫来石浇注料临界粒度和粒度组成对其密度、强度和热震稳定性的影响.结果表明,随着临界粒度的增大,浇注料干燥和烧结后冷态密度与强度均明显提高;临界粒度一定时,粒度组成对浇注料冷态密度、强度以及热震稳定性的影响基本一致,但临界粒度不同的浇注料试样达到最佳性能所对应的粒度组成并不完全相同;与冷态性能相比,浇注料热震稳定性受临界粒度的影响较小.     

热处理对以Al2O3为绝缘层的并五苯薄膜晶体管性能的影响

采用阳极氧化法制备了Al_2O_3绝缘材料,并制备了以Al_2O_3为绝缘层的并五苯薄膜晶体管器件(OTFT)。Al_2O_3绝缘层经过10 min 350℃氢热处理后,OTFT迁移率比未经氢热处理的增大近20倍,且阈值电压降到了-7 V。Al_2O_3膜MIS结构电容—电压(C–V)特性的平带电压平移量数据表明,Al_2O_3膜经过热处理后,并五苯半导体与Al_2O_3绝缘体界面处以及绝缘体内缺陷态密度显著地降低,Al_2O_3绝缘层和并五苯半导体层之间的接触得到改善,这使得经热处理Al_2O_3膜的OTFT器件性能得到显著的改善。     

HDAC6 rescues neurodegeneration and provides an essential link between autophagy and the UPS

A prominent feature of late-onset neurodegenerative diseases is accumulation of misfolded protein in vulnerable neurons. When levels of misfolded protein overwhelm degradative pathways, the result is cellular toxicity and neurodegeneration. Cellular mechanisms for degrading misfolded protein include the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), the main non-lysosomal degradative pathway for ubiquitinated proteins, and autophagy, a lysosome-mediated degradative pathway. The UPS and autophagy have long been viewed as complementary degradation systems with no point of intersection. This view has been challenged by two observations suggesting an apparent interaction: impairment of the UPS induces autophagy in vitro, and conditional knockout of autophagy in the mouse brain leads to neurodegeneration with ubiquitin-positive pathology. It is not known whether autophagy is strictly a parallel degradation system, or whether it is a compensatory degradation system when the UPS is impaired; furthermore, if there is a compensatory interaction between these systems, the molecular link is not known. Here we show that autophagy acts as a compensatory degradation system when the UPS is impaired in Drosophila melanogaster, and that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a microtubule-associated deacetylase that interacts with polyubiquitinated proteins, is an essential mechanistic link in this compensatory interaction. We found that compensatory autophagy was induced in response to mutations affecting the proteasome and in response to UPS impairment in a fly model of the neurodegenerative disease spinobulbar muscular atrophy. Autophagy compensated for impaired UPS function in an HDAC6-dependent manner. Furthermore, expression of HDAC6 was sufficient to rescue degeneration associated with UPS dysfunction in vivo in an autophagy-dependent manner. This study suggests that impairment of autophagy (for example, associated with ageing or genetic variation) might predispose to neurodegeneration. Morover, these findings suggest that it may be possible to intervene in neurodegeneration by augmenting HDAC6 to enhance autophagy.     

基于信息平台整合对高职院校毕业设计过程监控信息化研究

随着社会的发展,信息技术的进步,教育信息化特别是实践教学信息化具有重要研究意义.基于地方信息平台的整合,提出了高职高专院校毕业论文(设计)过程监控网络信息化.先设计了毕业论文(设计)信息平台结构,从而把政、校、企对学生进行共同培养模式进行了有机的结合;再从出题、选题、论文答辩、论文成果转化等方面对毕业论文(设计)管理实现了信息化;通过理论分析与实践证明此信息化过程有一定的理论意义和实用价值.     

Connecting informal networks to management of tacit knowledge

The relationship between tacit knowledge and informal networks has not been fully explored.Tacit knowledge cannot be well managed directly,because it is deeply embedded in individual actions and experiences.This study proposes an approach to managing informal networks as a new middle way to facilitate the sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge,owing to the fact that tacit knowledge is mostly shared and transferred through informal networks.To support the idea of the approach,an empirical case study of applying the approach to management of a large scientific project is also included.Our findings suggest that informal networks play essential roles for management of tacit knowledge,and thus good management of informal networks can lead to efficient sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge.