New geological evidence of crustal thickening in the Gangdese block prior to the Indo-Asian collision

Recent mapping in the Gangdese block has revealed many leucogranites that are similar to those in the High Himalaya. These leucogranites formed at ～140 Ma as indicated by monazite Th-Pb ion-microprobe dating and cooled at ～130 Ma as indicated by muscovite ^40Ar/^39Ar dating. In conjunction with previous structural and paleogeographic studies, the new data indicate that the Gangdese block underwent crustal thickening and associated exhumation during ～140—130 Ma. In this regard, the southern margin of Eurasia continent was comparable to the modern South American Altiplano-Puna plateau, the prime example of active ocean-continent subduction and associated thickened crust. Specifically, the early stages of crustal thickening and uplifting of the Gangdese block may result from subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. If the Tibetan Plateau would form by accretion of a series of blocks with thickened crust, an elevated topographic plateau similar to the Altiplano-Puna plateau had formed before collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Then the Tibetan Plateau would have quickly thickened, uplifted, and begun to extend soon after onset of the collision. Thus, the deformational mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau is not distributed shortening, but rather concentrating deformation within regions of thin crust between the accreted blocks.     

Contributions of different land cover types in Otindag Sandy Land and Bashang area of Hebei Province to the material source of sand stormy weather in Beijing

Different land cover types in Otindag Sandy Land and Bashang area of Hebei Province are linked to a material source of sand stormy weather in Beijing based on results of field vegetation and soil survey and laboratory works. Results of grain size analysis show that dust release potential in per unit area of moving sandy land is small,while lowland meadow and meadow steppe in stony hills have high potential of releasing dusts in per unit area during sand stormy weather occurrence. Further considering the effects of vegetation, it is inferred that the moving sandy land served as a material source of past dust storm and the possibility of dust release in per unit area is low in current time.Typical steppe in stony hills is undergoing desertification and its dust release possibility in per unit area is high. Farmland has strong potential of release dusts when they are ploughed in spring, but a large amount of therophytes grow and thus prevent dusts from release when cultivation was terminated.Potentials of dust release in per unit area in fixed sand dunes,stony mountain meadow steppe and low land meadow are lowdue to high cover of perennials. Sand dune reactivation and desiccation of lakes and lowlands under estimated future climatic change will make them serve as a future material source of sand stormy weather.     

电铲铲斗齿的修复工艺

通过分析铲斗齿的磨损原因，提出了采用堆焊的方法对铲斗齿进行修复。详细介绍了铲斗齿的修复工艺，堆焊材料的选择及堆焊时应注意的事项。实践表明，此修复工艺切实可行，取得了令人满意的效果。     

开关线性复合变换低阻输出特性对系统的优化

为了在现有电力电子技术基础上进一步提高功率变换器的综合性能，揭示了一种由电力电子开关电路与线性电路有机结合而派生的开关线性复合功率变换器(SLH)。简述了该类变换器的基本工作原理，列举了并联型和串联型两种电路拓扑及其特点，说明了SLH的低阻输出特性对提高功率变换器静动态性能的作用，并对SLH与典型的PWM LC滤波单元的变换器进行了比较分析，给出了用于电源和传动系统不同负载条件下的测试数据和典型波形。结果表明，SLH在高效与优波兼顾、多类负载适应性和抗负载扰动能力方面具有综合优化性能。     

超高精度定位系统及线性补偿研究

依据一个带有宏定位和微定位的超高精度定位系统设计，应用弹性力学理论进行精定位台的静、动参数的分析和估算，确定了系统的自然频率，并由此设计出双伺服环的控制系统。控制系统由2根循环滚珠丝杠构成宏定位，3个压电驱动器构成微定位。在系统软件中，采用Chebyshev数字滤波器进行去噪，使整个定位系统控制在200mm的行程中，其定位精度达到了8nm。对于由压电驱动器（PZT）的迟滞和非线性特性而产生的系统重复运动误差，系统采用EMM（Exact Model Matching)控制策略，最终实现正向和反向运行的误差量比补偿前降低5倍以上，使得正反向运动几乎落在同一曲线内，实现了对压印光刻工艺集成电路制造中的高精度定位要求。     

梯度型聚合物光纤预制棒折射率分布的间接测试

利用紫外光对溴苯（BB）的吸收作用，采用紫外吸收光谱法对PMMA－BB梯度型聚合物光纤预制棒的折射率分布进行了间接测试，详细介绍了这种紫外有机光谱法的测试原理及方法，测试结果表明，所制备的预制棒的折射率分布是呈抛物线分布，但在最佳理论分布有着一定的偏差，与Lorentz-Lorenz模拟方程的结果相对接近。同其他复杂的测试方法相比，紫外光谱法所需仪器普通，测试简便，不失为实验室中较为简单易行的一种预制棒折射率分布测试方法。     

数字图像中照度不均匀校正技术研究

为了消除数字图像中的照度不均匀性，对现有数字图像的照度不均匀校正技术进行了归类和讨论．分析了这些方法在计算误差上的内在原因，并在此基础上提出了基于小波变换的数字图像照度不均匀校正技术．该技术兼顾了数字图像的频域和空域，使得采用本方法校正后的图像具有品质优，计算误差小和时间消耗较少等特点．     

山西省环境保护局办公自动化系统的设计

通过对“山西省环境保护局办公自动化系统”设计的介绍，探讨了办公自动化系统应用Iternet技术在Intranet网络环境下实现的方法。     

狐狸在两型包虫病传播途径中所起的重要作用

本旨在通过回顾全球范围内对两型包虫病(细粒棘球蚴病cystic echinococcosis．CE；多房棘球蚴病alveolar echinococcosis,AE)的生态学和流行病学研究现状，结合对狐狸与寄生虫病关系的生态学研究成果，探讨狐狸与两型包虫病传播之间的关系。全总结了世界各重要地区两型包虫病的流行与狐狸之间的关系，叙述了我国对于两型包虫病的生态学研究现状，指出我国分布的三种狐狸均为该病的终末宿主，同时强调我国在这方面的研究刚刚起步，狐狸的野生动物包虫病生态学研究几乎空白，本指出，犬科等野生动物以及一些家善对于寄生虫病，尤其是人畜共患寄生虫病的传播起着非常重要的作用，同时就寄生虫病和其他疾病导致濒危物种受到严重威胁的现状进行了探讨，认为关于对包虫病易感的珍稀物种的保护的生物学的研究应该在今后的研究中得到充分重视。     

可持续发展定量评价的生态足迹分析方法

生态足迹分析是由加拿大生态经济学家William Rees和他的博士生Wackernagel于20世纪90年代初提出的一种用于衡量人类对自然资源的利用程度以及自然界为人类提供的生命支持服务功能的方法．该方法因其基于生物生产性土地的量化指标、新颖的思路和简便的计算方法以及较为科学的、完善的理论体系及方法本身的普适性而日益流行．自提出以来，已经在全球、国家及区域可持续发展评价中得到广泛应用．本介绍了生态足迹的概念及生态足迹计算方法和步骤，并对生态足迹的研究成果、评价与改进等进行了阐述．