Suitability assessment of deep groundwater for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, north China

Groundwater has been a major natural resource for human consumption in north China. It is necessary to appreciate the suitability of deep groundwater for drinking, agricultural irrigation, and industrial uses in this region. To this end, a total of 47 groundwater samples were collected from the study area; by comparing the concentrations of different hydrochemical variables with quality standard values, the variable fuzzy set (VFS) was applied to calculate the groundwater quality index (GQI) for various purposes, respectively. Afterward GQI spatial distribution maps were constructed using a geographic information system (GIS) tool to delineate spatial variations of groundwater quality. In this case study, the GQI spatial distribution maps reveal that the areas covered by "Maximum Permissible" groundwater for varying purposes (drinking, irrigation, and industrial) is 1377.2; 2354.7; and 3854.8 km2, respectively. The groundwater in the eastern part of the study area is suitable for drinking, with the southwestern region as the irrigation water source; the entire study area is acceptable for use in industrial, except the western part of Jiaozuo City. Therefore, the GQI spatial distribution maps can provide useful information for non-technical decision makers for better sustainable groundwater resources management.     

Research on Insurance Pricing

1.INTRODUCTIONInsurancepricingisaneternalthemeinthestudyofinsurance.Whenwedesignainsuranceproduct,wemusttogiveapricefortheproductinordertoselltheproductininsurancemarkets.Whatiscalledinsurancepricingisactuallytomakeinsurancepremiumofinsuranceproduct.Reasonablepricingofinsuranceproductisofutmostimportancefortheexistenceanddevelopmentofinsurancecompany.Ifpremiumismadetoohigh-priced,althoughinsurancecompanycanobtainhighprofitofunderweightingadcanheightencapacityofinsurancecompanyinpaymentofd…     

Analysis of the Protein Electrophoresis Patterns of Curvularia Lunata in Maize and Immunological Detection of the Pathogenic Culture

Twelve isolates of Curvularia lunata and six related species from maize or other host plants are examined for the analysis of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) patterns of their soluble proteins,Differences exist significantly among different species and the same species.There is a special protein band for Curvularia at relative mobility value 0.177(Rf 0.177) and a special protein band for C.lunata at Rf 0.225,Two kinds of rpimary antibodies to C.lunata are used to indirect ELISA and Avidin-Biotion-peroxidase Complex(ABC) immunoassay to evaluate their detecting sensitivity and specificity,The sensitivity of ABC immuno- assay is higher than indirect ELISA.APAbs to C.lunata is special to C.lunata.     

在硝酸介质中聚氨酯泡沫塑料对金的吸附行为

在文[1-8]的基础上,根据某些含金及贵金属废液的回收需要,我们着重考察了金在硝酸体系中的吸附行为。1 实验部分1.1 仪器和试剂1.1.1 试剂(1)聚醚型聚氨酯泡沫塑料将该材料剪至米粒大小(1mm左右)加人0.2mol NaOH浸泡,经去污、洗涤、挤干后,再用0.2mol HCI浸泡、洗涤,最后用高纯水洗涤,95％乙醇洗净,于40—50℃烘干备用作吸附剂。(2)金试液用纯金粉(纯度99.99％)加入王水溶解,在水浴上蒸发近干,再加人浓盐酸,反复进行两次,再配制成一定浓度和酸度的硝酸溶液备用.其余试剂均为分析纯。1.1.2 仪器WYX—402型原子吸收分光光度计;perkin—Elmer599B型红外分光光度计。     

Present status and future prospect of design of Pt–cerium oxide electrodes for fuel cell applications

In the research field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the design of electrocatalytic activities on Pt-oxide promoter in the anode side has attracted attention for improvement of CO tolerance of Pt in anode side and a lowering of large over-potential loss of the oxygen reduction reaction on the cathode in the fuel cells. In the Pt-oxide promoter series, Pt–CeOx/C is one of the unique systems. It is because the unique behavior of CeOx such as electrochemical redox reaction between Ce3t and Ce4t in the anodic and cathodic reactions of fuel cell is observed. The present short review gives an overview of the recent works for improvement of the CO tolerance of Pt in the Pt–CeOx/C anodes and enhancement of the oxygen reduction reaction activity on Pt in the Pt–CeOx/C cathodes for fuel cell application. To show the design paradigm for fabrication of high quality Pt–CeOx/C electrodes, the authors re-introduced parts of our research results to highlight the important role of interface structure of Pt–CeOx based on the ultimate analysis results. The usefulness of the combined approach of microanalysis and the processing route design is presented.     

PRICE AND SERVICE COMPETITION WITH MAINTENANCE SERVICE BUNDLING

In many equipment manufacturing industries,firms compete with each other not only on products price,but also on maintenance service.More and more traditional products oriented firms are offering their customers products bundled with maintenance service(P&S bundles).In this study,we examine firms’ incentive to offer customers products bundling with long-term maintenance or repair support service in a duopoly competitive environment.When providing P&S bundles,a firm need to determine the service level(in terms of average response time guarantee for the service in this paper) to offer and needs to build a service facility to handle the maintenance service requirements.Based on the analysis of three sub-game models,we characterize the market conditions in which only one firm,both firms or neither firm will offer P&S bundles.Finally,we analyze the affects of serval market factors on firms’ strategy choices.     

Reverse leakage current in AlGaN-based ultraviolet light-emitting diodes

The reverse leakage characteristics of AlGaNbased ultraviolet light-emitting diodes fabricated on sapphire substrate are studied by temperature-variable current–voltage(I–V)measurement from 300 to 450 K.At low-reverse bias range(0–0.5 V),the reverse leakage current exhibits tunneling characteristics.Meanwhile,under a more negative reverse bias range([0.5 V),the log(I)–log(V)plots exhibit close-to-linear dependency,which is in good agreement with the transport mechanism of space-charge limited current.A phenomenological leakage current model focusing on electron transmission primarily through continuous defect band formed by linear defects like dislocations is suggested to explain the reverse current–voltage characteristics.     

Identification of proteinaceous binding media for the polychrome terracotta army of Emperor Qin Shihuang by MALDI-TOF-MS

A proteinaceous binding media for the polychrome terracotta army of Emperor Qin Shihuang has been identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).Methods for the preparation of the model samples and the elimination of interferences have been evaluated,as well as ageing processes.A method involving the complexation of EDTA in combination with dialysis was used to eliminate any interference in the polychrome layers taken from the historical samples.The model samples were aged by being buried in loess to replicate the ageing process of the historical samples as closely as possible.The optimum conditions for the extraction and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of the extracted protein were investigated.Under the optimized conditions,the‘‘peptide mass fingerprints’’of the proteinaceous binding media from the historical and model samples were determined by MALDITOF-MS.The results revealed that animal glue was used as the binding media for the polychrome layers of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s terracotta army.It also shows that animal glue used as binding media has a long history in China.     

Relationship between lattice mismatch and ionic conduction of grain boundary in YSZ

The grain boundary plays an important role in the electrical behaviors of solid oxide electrolytes for solid state fuel cells. To reveal the relationship between the structure and the ionic conductivity of grain boundary,the conductive properties of {1 1 1} and {1 1 0} twist grain boundaries in 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia have been examined. These boundaries have a series of Σ values defined by the coincident site lattice model. It has been found that the activation energy of {1 1 1} twist grain boundary increases and then decreases with the Σ value,while that of the {1 1 0} boundary shows an opposite trend. It is suggested that the properties can reflect the balance of the effects of lattice mismatch on the diffusion ability of oxygen vacancies and the segregation of oxygen vacancies and Y3 tions. Therefore,the properties in polycrystalline electrolyte can be adjusted by controlling the grain boundary structures.     

Design of trotting controller for the position-controlled quadruped robot

This work presents a controller designed for position-controlled quadrupedal dynamic locomo-tion, aiming at simple and robust trotting control .The controller takes the torso attitude angles and velocities into planning foot trajectories .Firstly design of the servo motor actuated quadruped robot is introduced and the kinematic equations are deduced .Then a scheme is presented for controlling the robot torso attitude based on the virtual leg model .Furthermore , it demonstrates the design of the controller which enables the robot to have a wide range of trotting gaits and omni-directional mo-tions.Finally, results of robust trotting in various speeds , path tracking and push recovery in simu-lation are reported , and results of trotting on real quadruped robots will be studied .