Simulation for the primary electronic donor of photosystem IIin vitro

Histidine coordinated to Chi a is a distinct characteristic of Chl ain vivo. By using histidine analogue of 1-methylimidazole (C₄H₆N₂2) and measuring the UV/vis absorption, CD and MCD spectra of the interaction between C₄H₆N₂ and Chl a in CCI₄, we have obtained that: (i) In pure CCl₄ solvent, Chl a molecule is in five-coordinate state, and two Chl a molecules form an asymmetric compact-dimer with strong coupling interaction. We propose that the two Chl a molecules are connected by two unequally coordinated Mg-O bonds (the two oxygen atoms come from the C=O of C13¹ keto and C17 ester, respectively); (ii) when the molar ratio of C₄H₆N₂/Chl a is 0.5 or 1 (corresponding to 2Chl a · 1C₄H₆N₂ and 2Chl a · 2C₄H₆N₂, respectively), significant changes have been observed in the absorption, CD and MCD spectra, which indicate that the Chl a remains in dimer form, but the coupling interaction between them reduces greatly. We postulate that C₄H₆N₂ replaces the ligation of C=O of C17 ester and C13¹ keto to Mg atoms sequentially. The two Chl a molecules linked by two weakly interacted Mg…O bonds form a relaxed-dimer. The structure of the model is essentially similar to that of the primary electronic donor, P₆₈₀, of photosystem II in high plants and algae.     

有利砂体识别与解释

天然气的产量与砂岩的厚度,孔隙度,连通性,砂泥比等有密切的关系。为了解决砂体在空间以什么形态出现,其方向如何,纵向上如何变化,连通形式如何等问题,在前人研究的基础上,对篷来镇组某工区的砂体进行了精细识别和解释。在地震剖面上,砂体的响应一般表现为强振幅,低频率。孔隙性好,含气丰度高的砂体往往表现为速度低和极性反转的特点。但发现该工区的砂体在地震剖面上表现形式多变,甚至出现了合成地震记录与井旁地震记录严重不吻合的现象,故砂体识别工作不能遵循统一模式。因此,采用了多井约束,多层标定,分层解释来识别有利砂体。     

The unusual γ-ray burst GRB 101225A from a helium star/neutron star merger at redshift 0.33

Long γ-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most dramatic examples of massive stellar deaths, often associated with supernovae. They release ultra-relativistic jets, which produce non-thermal emission through synchrotron radiation as they interact with the surrounding medium. Here we report observations of the unusual GRB 101225A. Its γ-ray emission was exceptionally long-lived and was followed by a bright X-ray transient with a hot thermal component and an unusual optical counterpart. During the first 10 days, the optical emission evolved as an expanding, cooling black body, after which an additional component, consistent with a faint supernova, emerged. We estimate its redshift to be z = 0.33 by fitting the spectral-energy distribution and light curve of the optical emission with a GRB-supernova template. Deep optical observations may have revealed a faint, unresolved host galaxy. Our proposed progenitor is a merger of a helium star with a neutron star that underwent a common envelope phase, expelling its hydrogen envelope. The resulting explosion created a GRB-like jet which became thermalized by interacting with the dense, previously ejected material, thus creating the observed black body, until finally the emission from the supernova dominated. An alternative explanation is a minor body falling onto a neutron star in the Galaxy.     

静水压力下橡胶动态力学参数的声管测量方法

建立了利用水声声管进行静水压力下橡胶材料动态力学参数测量的方法.基于含均匀圆柱空腔结构中弹性波传播的等效复波数近似解和水声声管中等效复波数的测量、求解方法,通过制作均匀实心结构和含均匀圆柱空腔结构两种试样,分别获取其纵波波数和等效复波数,联合求解反演出橡胶材料的动态力学参数.对某橡胶材料常压和静压下的动态力学参数进行测试,总结出静水压力对橡胶材料动态力学参数的影响规律,对测试误差产生的原因进行讨论分析.对比静水压力下某声学覆盖层的吸声系数测试结果和采用实测橡胶材料参数进行有限元分析的结果,表明该方法具有较高的精度和潜在的应用价值.     

面波勘探和台阵地脉动观测相结合的地基调查法及其在松江古照壁保护中的应用

通过对高密度面波勘探和台阵地脉动勘探的频散分析算法的理论分析,推导出了2种勘探数据频散分析目标函数的统一表达式.根据该结果,用加权函数将2个目标函数结合起来,联合分析2种数据得到一条由高频到低频的完整的频散曲线;反演该频散曲线就可得到由地表到大深度的地下构造.将该方法应用于松江古照壁文物保护之地基勘查,为建立地震响应分析模型提供了由地表到40 m深处的横波速度构造.该方法是一种简便快速并兼顾浅层精度和勘探深度的工程地质调查方法.     

通勤出行时间与方式选择

针对不同方式通勤出行者在出行时间上的差异性,从通勤出行方式对通勤出行时间的影响出发,将通勤出行方式选择和出行时间选择纳入同一模型系统,建立由离散选择模型和线性回归模型组成的离散 连续模型,对通勤出行方式和出行时间选择及其相互影响模式进行了深入分析.研究表明,通勤出行方式对出行时间选择有显著影响,通勤者年龄、性别及其家庭成员结构、工作活动属性及通勤途中的非工作活动安排等都是出行方式和出行时间选择的重要影响因素.本研究对准确预测通勤出行选择行为及其对交通管理工作的影响有重要意义.     

面向全自动控制交通系统的车辆调度算法

结合遗传算法和贪婪算法的优点,提出了聚类贪婪遗传算法,构建了一个全自动控制交通系统的仿真系统;针对遗传算法、贪婪算法和聚类贪婪遗传算法分别进行实验,并比较其实验结果.结果表明:当系统趋于稳定时,聚类贪婪遗传算法能够提高叫车请求的平均响应时间,从而避免叫车请求饿死的情况;聚类贪婪遗传算法可用于全自动控制交通系统车辆的调度.     

大矢高脊线式叉筒网壳静力及抗震性能分析

运用ANSYS软件对大矢高脊线式叉筒网壳结构进行系统的静力性能分析,详细研究了结构跨度S、矢高f、环向区域份数Kn、径向节点圈数nx对结构静力性能的影响;在此基础上对结构进行自振特性分析和地震响应分析。探讨了跨度、矢高对结构基频的影响规律,及结构环向区域份数、径向节点圈数对结构震后最大位移的影响规律。研究结果表明:大矢高脊线式叉筒网壳静力性能良好,矢高对结构静力性能影响不大,环向区域份数、径向节点圈数对结构静力性能影响较复杂;结构自振频率分布和振型有很强的规律性,结构基频对跨度较敏感;结构抗震性能优越,结构环向区域份数对结构震后最大位移影响较大。     

提高川东复杂地质深井超深井机械钻速的研究

针对川东高陡地质构造复杂,钻井中深井、超深井机械钻速低,建井周期长,钻井成本过高的问题,分析了川东地区钻井速度低的原因,介绍了岩石的各种性质,钻头选型依据以及如何评判钻头井下使用情况等方面的知识,阐述了合理使用钻头的方法,提出了在川东地区高陡构造地层中提高钻井速度的三种措施：（1） 采用以偏轴-钟摆钻具组合为主的钻井方式进行钻进;（2） 开展喷射钻井,促进机械钻速提高;（3） 开展水力加压器的应用。以期不断优化和强化钻进技术来提高钻井速度确保井身质量。