分层多种群的自适应粒子群算法

为了改善粒子群算法的性能,提出一种分层多种群的自适应粒子群算法.为了提高全局搜索和局部搜索的能力,选用了自适应更新的惯性权重和学习因子.为了防止种群多样性的丧失且加快算法的收敛速度,采用了一种分层多种群协同进化策略.最后,将新算法与其他4个算法在23个测试函数上进行了测试,结果表明,新算法能够动态地平衡算法的全局搜索和局部搜索能力,保持种群的多样性,收敛精度高.     

一种基于杂交机制的改进的双子群粒子群优化算法

为了克服粒子群算法的早熟收敛问题和易陷入局部最优问题,本文提出了一种新的基于双子群的改进粒子群优化算法,通过2组搜索方向相反的主、辅子群之间的相互协同,扩大搜索范围,并借鉴杂交机制,使搜索速度更快,收敛精度更高。再采用自适应惯性权重的粒子群算法,根据种群的进化状态来动态调整惯性权重。     

一种新的混合粒子群优化算法

 针对粒子群优化算法容易陷入局部极值,进化后期收敛速度慢、精度低等缺点,本文将粒子群优化算法与遗传算法相结合,在基本粒子群优化算法中引入了正态变异算子,提出了一种新的混合进化算法,新算法增加了种群的多样性,增强了算法的全局寻优能力,提高了算法的搜索效率。使用新算法对经典函数进行优化测试,结果表明,本算法保持了粒子群优化算法简捷快速、容易实现的特点;同时,正态变异算子的引入提升了算法后期的收敛速度与全局搜索能力。新的算法能够以更小的种群数和进化代数获得较好的优化能力,在克服陷入局部最优和收敛速度方面均优于基本粒子群优化算法、遗传算法以及加入混沌扰动的粒子群优化算法（CPSO）。     

融合混沌和捕食搜索的混合粒子群算法

针对标准粒子群算法在处理复杂函数时存在的收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优的缺点,提出了新的混合粒子群算法.该算法利用混沌运动的遍历性、对初始条件的敏感性等特性进行群体的混沌初始化,且捕食搜索策略可以通过调节限制级别的控制粒子群的搜索空间,从而平衡全局搜索和局部搜索.测试结果表明,新算法具有更快的收敛速度和更强的全局寻优能力.     

一种改进的自适应粒子群算法

针对标准粒子群优化算法早熟收敛、易陷入局部最优、收敛精度低等缺点,提出了一种改进的自适应粒子群算法.该算法在每次进化后自适应地更新每个粒子的惯性权重和学习因子,并对粒子进行排序,实现了自适应调整局部搜索和全局搜索的功能.与标准粒子群算法在6个标准测试函数上的实验进行比较并进行了t检验分析.结果表明,该算法具有很好的性能.     

基于正交试验设计的粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群优化(particle swarmopti mization,PSO)算法在进化初期收敛速度快但容易陷入局部最优、在进化后期收敛速度变慢且精度低的缺陷,为了提高粒子群算法的收敛速度和全局寻优能力,提出了基于正交试验设计的粒子群优化(orthogonal-experi mental-design-based PSO)算法.在基本粒子群算法的基础上,算法OE-PSO对当前搜索到的解进行局部寻优,利用正交试验设计对搜索空间的分布均匀性在可行解的领域选择有代表性的解进行测试.算法OE-PSO用搜索到的更好的解在下一次迭代中引导粒子进行搜索,从而获得更快的收敛速度和更精确的解,同时避免局部最优.实验结果表明,算法OE-PSO不但具有较快的收敛速度,而且能够有效提高解的精确性,增强算法的鲁棒性.     

多种群协同进化的K-means聚类算法

针对K均值聚类算法易陷入局部最小的缺点,提出了一种多种群协同进化的微粒群和K均值混合聚类算法,它将整个种群分解为多个子种群,各子种群独立进化,周期性地更新共享信息.同时将此算法与现有的基于遗传算法的K均值聚类算法进行了比较.实验结果证明,该算法能有效地克服传统的K均值算法易陷入局部极小值的缺点,同时全局收敛能力优于基于遗传算法的K均值聚类算法.     

基于多种群多策略的竞争粒子群算法

针对标准粒子群算法遇到的易陷入局部最优、收敛差、求解精度低等问题,提出了多种群多策略竞争粒子群优化算法.新算法将每一代粒子根据适应度排序,将其划分为不同的子种群,并引入非线性Logistic混沌映射权重、收缩因子和混合高斯-柯西扰动机制来更新这些子种群.使用不同的粒子更新方式平衡了算法整个时期的全局搜索和局部开发能力,从而加快了收敛速度.最后,将多种群多策略竞争粒子群优化算法与标准粒子群算法和其它优化算法在11个测试函数上进行对比,结果表明,新算法在跳出局部最优解、和寻优精度方面显著优于标准粒子群算法,且有更快的收敛速度.在寻优能力和算法稳定性上大幅度强于其它对比算法.     

非线性混合整数规划问题的改进量子粒子群算法

提出了一种改进的量子粒子群算法,并将该算法用于求解非线性混合整数规划问题。构造了一种自适应调整的惯性权重,平衡了算法的全局搜索和局部搜索能力;针对混合整数规划问题,给定一定比例的初始可行解,提高了初始种群解的多样性;利用协同进化选择策略,对种群中的不可行解重新生成,使种群中每个粒子的信息充分利用,从而提高算法的收敛速度;为了抑制算法的早熟现象,给出了一种新的混沌搜索方式,对全局最优解进行局部搜索,增强算法的局部搜索能力。通过16个常见的测试函数测试结果表明,改进的量子粒子群优化算法对求解非线性混合整数规划问题,在成功率和精度方面得到很大的提高。     

一种自适应混合纵向多变异粒子群算法

为克服标准粒子群算法搜索后期收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优的缺点,通过引进自适应惯性权重因子平衡标准粒子群优化算法的全局搜索和局部改良能力,同时设计了均匀分布变异和高斯分布变异相结合的粒子群混合纵向多变异策略,来提高算法摆脱局部极值和局部寻优的能力.根据提出的改进算法流程,针对公认的Sphere,Rastrigin,Griewank和Salomon四种标准测试函数进行了收敛精度和收敛速度的测试.测试结果表明,在标准粒子群、自适应权重粒子群、自适应变异粒子群和自适应混合多变异粒子群4种算法中,提出的新算法具有最好的全局最优值搜索能力和最稳定的全局收敛特性,且在提高收敛速度的同时,有效地避免了早熟收敛问题.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.