采用分数阶导数描述胶凝原油的流变模型

提出了采用分数阶导数的新流变模型理论来描述胶凝原油蠕变特性和动态粘弹特性的方法.由Maxwell体和分数阶导数的类Kelvin体组合建立了类Burgers体流变模型,并推导得到了分数阶导数类Burgers体的蠕变柔量表达式.试验验证了该模型能精确描述胶凝原油的蠕变过程,而经典的标准粘弹性固体模型和粘弹性流体模型都不能很好地拟合蠕变试验曲线.试验还验证了分数阶导数的类Kelvin体和类标准线性体都能精确描述胶凝原油的动态粘弹性能,而经典的标准粘弹性固体模型同样也不能很好地拟合动态粘弹试验曲线.     

采用分数阶导数描述胶凝原油的流变模型

提出了采用分数阶导数的新流变模型理论来描述胶凝原油蠕变特性和动态粘弹特性的方法.由Maxwell体和分数阶导数的类Kelvin体组合建立了类Burgers体流变模型,并推导得到了分数阶导数类Burgers体的蠕变柔量表达式.试验验证了该模型能精确描述胶凝原油的蠕变过程,而经典的标准粘弹性固体模型和粘弹性流体模型都不能很好地拟合蠕变试验曲线.试验还验证了分数阶导数的类Kelvin体和类标准线性体都能精确描述胶凝原油的动态粘弹性能,而经典的标准粘弹性固体模型同样也不能很好地拟合动态粘弹试验曲线.     

含热传导效应粘弹性板耦合非线性动力分析模型

基于薄板大挠度Karman理论和用Boltzmann叠加原理描述的粘弹性材料本构方程、动力学平衡方程和热粘弹能量原理建立了横向周期荷载、面内均布荷载和温度场作用下,考虑热传导效应的粘弹性矩形板的热机耦合非线性动力学模型,并用Galerkin方法将该热机耦合非线性动力学模型转化为非线性微分．积分动力系统．且该热机耦合非线性动力学模型可以退化为粘弹性板动力学模型、仅含热膨胀效应粘弹性板动力学模型和热机耦合弹性板动力学模型．     

蠕变理论中的积分算子计算方法

本文介绍了比较适于描述岩石随时间变形性态的所谓流变模型,推导出这些流变模型本构方程的微分表达式.详细介绍了各种积分算子符号及其相互间的关系,并以凯尔文流变模型本构方程的微分表达式为例,叙述了微分表达式转化为积分表达式的过程,阐明了解粘弹性理论问题时常用的积分算子方法的理论基础和积分算子运算方法.     

一种软岩流变模型

为了描述工程软岩的复杂流变特性,提出了2种非线性元件——蠕变体(CYJ体)和裂隙塑性体(L体).并将它们和描述衰减蠕变特性的开尔文体(K体)、描述瞬弹性的虎克体(H体)及圣文南体(S体)相结合,得到了一种新的复合流变力学模型,并推导了其流变本构方程;讨论了该复合模型在恒应力条件下的蠕变特性及恒加载速率下的流变效应.研究结果表明:该模型不但能描述软岩在低应力时的弹性和粘弹性(稳定蠕变),而且能描述软岩在较高应力时的弹性、塑性、粘弹性和粘塑性(不稳定蠕变).     

CO2泡沫压裂液两相流流动特性的试验研究

通过大型高参数泡沫压裂液试验回路首次详细研究了实际压裂条件下CO2泡沫压裂液的流变特性,得出了实际压裂条件下CO2泡沫压裂液流变参数的计算关联式,从而为低渗油气藏泡沫压裂技术的有效实施提供了试验依据.研究表明:在实际施工条件下,CO2泡沫压裂液具有剪切稀化性质,可用幂律模型来描述;其有效粘度随剪切速率、温度的增高而减小,随压力、泡沫质量的增大而增大;相对而言,温度和泡沫质量对流变参数的影响比压力的影响明显,在该试验范围内,温度和泡沫质量对流变参数的影响呈指数规律变化.     

修正的广义开尔文粘弹塑性岩石本构模型变形参数特性研究

广义开尔文流变模型被广泛应用于描述岩质边坡开挖过程中岩体的粘弹性变形分析.由于岩质边坡在开挖过程中岩体的变形是粘弹性和塑性变形综合作用的结果,因此广义开尔文流变模型不能较好地表达岩质边坡在开挖过程中的变形.文章针对岩质边坡在开挖过程中边坡岩体表现出来明显的粘弹塑性变形特征,采用FLAC3D数值软件对符合修正的广义开尔文粘弹塑性本构模型的岩石试件进行单轴压缩数值试验,获得该粘弹塑性本构模型变形参数的基本特性,为岩质边坡开挖岩体粘弹塑性本构模型的选择提供参考.     

流变荷载试验曲线的模型识别及其应用

基于粘弹性理论,建立了流变荷载试验的Maxwell、广义Kelvin和Burgers3种流变模型的位移反演模式,并给出了根据现场试验流变曲线进行流变模型识别的简便方法。分析了岩体流变荷载试验曲线,给出了能反映试验区域内岩体变形规律的最佳流变模型,反演获得了试验区域内岩体的瞬时弹性模量、长期弹性模量、粘弹性模量和粘弹性系数。结果表明,描述试验点岩体在不同荷载级别情况下的最佳流变模型均为广义Kelvin模型,但其弹性模量有所差异,其量值范围为4194～5235MPa,平均弹性模量为4900.316MPa;平均长期弹性模量为3081.65MPa。计算表明所建立的反演公式是正确的,模型及参数识别过程简便、实用。     

C02泡沫压裂液两相流流动特性的试验研究

通过大型高参数泡沫压裂液试验回路首次详细研究了实际压裂条件下CO2泡沫压裂液的流变特性，得出了实际压裂条件下C02泡沫压裂液流变参数的计算关联式，从而为低渗油气藏泡沫压裂技术的有效实施提供了试验依据。研究表明：在实际施工条件下，CO2泡沫压裂液具有剪切稀化性质，可用幂律模型来描述；其有效粘度随剪切速率、温度的增高而减小，随压力、泡沫质量的增大而增大；相对而言，温度和泡沫质量对流变参数的影响比压力的影响明显，在该试验范围内，温度和泡沫质量对流变参数的影响呈指数规律变化。     

考虑流变特性改变的水力压裂管内摩阻计算模型研究

水力压裂管内摩阻的准确计算是确定井底压力和地层破裂压力的关键。压裂过程中由于压裂液与地层之间的热交换,压裂液的流动温度会发生明显变化;而温度的改变会影响压裂液的流变特性,使得不同深度处单位长度流体流动摩阻发生改变。通过建立油管注液过程管内流体温度分布数学模型,得到了不同油管注入排量下管内液体温度沿井深的分布。结合温度对压裂液流动特性的影响实验,考虑压裂液流性指数和稠度系数沿井深的变化,建立了压裂过程中管内流动摩阻的分段计算模型。通过与现场实测摩阻数据对比,模型与传统不考虑压裂液流变特性改变的摩阻力计算模型相比更为符合工程实际。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.