基于熵权法确定病害权重值的桥梁水下桩基安全评估改进方法

基于层次分析法的桥梁水下桩基传统安全评估方法中,用于确定权重的判断矩阵中各数值完全由专家经验确定,导致评估结果主观性过大.为此,在福建省桥梁水下桩基检测数据基础上,提出结合熵权法计算得到客观权重,对传统安全评估方法进行改进.首先,基于现有规范和水下桩基病害特点建立多层次安全评估模型;其次,分别采用层次分析法和熵权法计算各评估指标的主、客观权重值,并将其组合确定指标的综合权重,该方法克服了传统层次分析法单独使用时仅通过主观经验确定病害权重值的局限性.最后,以福州市某桥为例对其水下桩基进行评估,验证了该评估方法的合理性和实用性.     

基于群决策的改进AHP法在桥梁评估中的应用

针对传统层次分析法(AHP)的缺陷,提出基于群决策的改进AHP方法,应用到桥梁状态评估中。首先,引入指数区间数标度方法,建立元素为指数区间数的判断矩阵,并建立一套求解指数区间数判断矩阵指标权重的优化算法;然后,引入基于加权集值统计的专家群决策理论,讨论基于判断偏好信息的专家权重计算方法以及判断矩阵的集结,得到专家群体决策矩阵;最后,构建某钢箱梁斜拉桥的综合评估AHP模型,采用本文方法进行指标权重计算,论证方法的可行性与实用性。本文方法弱化了单一专家评判过程中的主观不确定性,为桥梁的管理养护提供了更加科学可信的决策依据。     

不同粒度语言信息的群体一致性判别和改进方法

针对群决策中基于不同粒度语言判断矩阵形式偏好信息的群体一致性判断和改进问题,提出了一种新的分析方法.首先,根据专家给出的不同粒度语言判断矩阵,采用LOWA集结算子确定个体方案排序的序关系值向量;然后,以群体与专家个体意见偏差最小为目标建立目标规划模型,通过求解该模型得到群体方案排序的序关系值向量;进一步地,通过定义专家个体与群体意见的贴近度指标,给出了专家群体一致性的判别改进方法;最后,通过算例说明方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于AHP-TOPSIS的采矿方法优化

 根据层次分析法(AHP)和理想点法(TOPSIS),建立采矿方法优化排序的数学模型,该数学模型采用德尔菲法(专家意见法)确定采矿方法优化排序的决策指标,如倾角、厚度和顶板稳固性等;将待选方案指标转换为判断矩阵,通过层次分析法确定判断矩阵中各指标权重,然后用理想点法进行优化排序,得到加权标准化的决策矩阵,从而计算出各方案的相对贴近度.以三山岛金矿采矿方法的优化方案为例,3种采矿方法的相对逼近度为0.1467,0.5168,0.9706,以此确定第3种方法最优,进而验证模型的可行性,为矿山采矿方法的优化提供有效参考.     

基于改进的Vague群决策的工程绿色施工风险评价研究

绿色施工风险评价对建筑业可持续发展具有重要作用.首先结合绿色建筑与绿色施工评价体系,建立了绿色施工风险评价指标.其次改进了Vague群决策方法,建立了绿色施工风险评价模型,运用层次分析法确定二级指标权重,根据二级指标权重和相应Vague值确定各专家的一级指标Vague值;对专家权重进行了改进,同时考虑专家主观权重和专家的评价意见及评价矩阵的一致性,避免了专家权重确定的主观性.最后利用Vague集计分函数对风险因素排序,根据得分和专家评价意见的集结得出绿色施工风险等级,克服了层次分析法权重确定的主观性和传统模糊集易损失中间值的不足.实例结果表明该方法能够更好地解决工程绿色施工风险评价问题.     

基于二元语义判断矩阵的群体决策方法

在决策过程中,专家给出的判断矩阵包含的评价元素可能不一致,因此,在对专家意见进行集结时,应该根据元素的一致性程度赋予其不同的集结权重.利用二元语义判断矩阵的加性一致性,可计算元素的一致性.提出一种客观计算专家决策权的方法,并在群体意见集结过程中,通过元素的一致性程度赋予其不同权重.     

桥梁耐久性评估中指标权重系数计算方法研究

在桥梁耐久性评估中,综合不同专家对指标相对重要性的评判,建立最终的表达指标相对重要性的不确定判断矩阵;然后运用随机理论在判断矩阵中各指标相对重要性的取值区间内随机选取数值作为两个指标间的相对重要性参数,形成多个判断矩阵;最后由各判断矩阵计算对应的权重系数,并以其平均值作为指标的最终权重系数.从而减小了桥梁耐久性评估中评估指标权重系数计算的主观性,使评估结论更具可信性,计算结果与其他方法相比具有较高的精度.     

层次分析法改进及其在橡胶林种植对流域输沙影响评价中的应用

层次分析法广泛应用于指标权重计算和决策,但在判断矩阵构造和一致性检验中存在局限性.针对传统层次分析法及其现有改进方法所存在的数值标度和一致性检验两个关键问题,提出通过无限制标度建立与专家判断初衷更为吻合的因素间相对重要程度数值标度方法,并通过传递的方式构造完全一致性矩阵,对不满足一致性的原判断矩阵根据最大差异项进行调整.云南橡胶林种植对流域输沙影响评价指标权重确定应用实例表明,该改造方法降低了专家对判断矩阵数值标度的难度,并在解决判断矩阵不满足一致性问题的同时最大程度保留了原判断矩阵的信息.     

基于残缺互补判断矩阵的多指标决策方法

针对具有残缺互补判断矩阵形式方案偏好信息的多指标决策问题,提出了一种决策分析方法.对具有残缺互补判断矩阵的多指标决策问题进行了描述.依据残缺互补判断矩阵和决策矩阵,构建了求解指标权重的最优化模型.采用拉格朗日乘数法求解该模型,得到每个指标的权重值,进而计算出每个方案的综合评价值,从而可得到所有方案的排序结果.最后,通过给出一个算例说明了该方法的可行性和实用性.     

基于二维语言信息判断矩阵的多准则决策方法

针对准则权重信息未知,专家以二维语言信息给出方案的准则值及对方案间比较的偏好值的多准则决策问题,提出基于二维语言信息判断矩阵的决策方法.该方法首先给出二维语言判断矩阵加性一致性的定义和检验方法,导出矩阵的定义,及根据二维语言信息排序向量构造一致性二维语言判断矩阵的方法;接着,根据方案的综合评价值构造关于方案的一致性二维语言判断矩阵,基于构造的新二维语言判断矩阵与专家给出的二维语言判断矩阵偏离度最小化原则,建立模型计算准则权重,进而获取方案的综合评价值及排序.算例分析结果表明:所提出的方法具有有效性及实用性.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.