横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构受力特征与解析模型

山区桥梁基础不可避免地建立在陡坡上,不稳定斜坡变形或破坏将会对上覆桥跨结构安全造成严重威胁,亟需研究高效、可靠的力学模型。首先,对横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构划分不同特征段,分析其受力特性;其次,考虑桩土相互作用和桩顶变形协调关系并引入边界条件,建立适用于横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构内力及位移的简化模型;第三,综合考虑P-Δ效应及盖/系梁对桩柱受力影响,引入相邻特征段满足的连续条件(即位移、转角、剪力及弯矩连续),建立挠曲微分方程并以MATLAB为平台编制相应计算程序,提出横坡段桥梁双桩双柱式结构基础内力及位移的幂级数解;最后,将模型结果与有限元计算结果对比,验证模型的可靠性。研究结果表明：本文提出的模型将桥墩与桩基础视为整体,对于多道系梁的结构分析该模型同样适用;模型考虑了横向联系对两桩轴向力和弯矩的分配,可获取横向联系中的横向力;模型不需要假设自由段剪力和迭代计算。随着剩余下滑力增大,结构各特征段前后桩位移和弯矩明显增加;横向联系对桩基位移及内力进行了重新分配,有较强的约束作用,能够较好地改善前后桩受力与变形情况。     

考虑P-Δ效应的陡坡段桥梁双桩结构受力分析

深入分析了陡坡段桥梁桩基受力的P-Δ效应形成机理.依据土压力理论与弹性地基梁理论,通过对坡体剩余下滑力和土体抗力的合理简化,建立了陡坡段桥梁双桩结构体系的桩土相互作用模型.在此基础上,导出不同特征桩段微分方程的幂级数解答,从而提出了一种可考虑P-Δ效应的陡坡段桥梁桩基受力计算方法.与文献算例对比分析表明了该方法的合理性.最后,对双桩结构内力与位移的影响因素及其敏感性进行了探讨,结果表明:前桩P-Δ效应的影响不容忽视,当桩顶荷载水平及地基抗力比例系数相同时,后桩桩身最大弯矩比前桩大,且最大弯矩作用面均位于边坡滑动面附近,陡坡上的桥梁桩基同样具有嵌固深度效应.     

陡横坡处桥墩设计与施工

介绍了兰州至郎木寺高速公路临夏至合作段陡横坡段桥梁桩柱式桥墩设计及施工的方法。     

高陡斜坡上桥梁桩基受力特性及影响因素分析

高陡斜坡上的桥梁桩基,除了承受上部结构荷载外,还将承受山体变形产生的剩余下滑力和桩周岩土体抗力。首先,将上部结构作用简化为桩顶竖向荷载、水平荷载以及偏心弯矩,基于Winkler弹性地基梁理论,建立考虑桩-土-坡相互作用的简化受力模型。进而导出高陡斜坡上桥梁桩基各特征桩段的平衡微分方程,并采用幂级数法对其进行求解,计算结果与文献值吻合较好,说明了幂级数解答的合理性。在此基础上,分析3个主要因素对桩基内力与变形的影响。结果表明:桩顶水平荷载对基桩的力学性能影响较大,高陡斜坡上桥梁桩基的陡坡效应不容忽视,选择合理的桩基直径以及采取可靠的边坡防护措施均能提高基桩抵抗弯矩和变形的能力,这些结论均可为实际工程设计提供参考。     

陡坡段桥梁桩基研究现状及展望

随着我国山区高速公路、铁路建设的高速发展,桥梁桩基建造在陡坡地段的现象日渐增多,且陡坡段桥梁桩基承载机理复杂,故其设计计算逐渐引起广泛关注和重视,成为当前的研究热点之一.在其工程设计中,不仅要考虑桥梁上部结构传递的倾斜偏心荷载,还应考虑桩-坡非对称体系引起的附加土压力以及地基水平抗力折减效应.本文通过对国内外相关领域文...     

斜坡地形高露头挖孔桩水平承载特性试验研究

以某山区斜坡地形220 kv输电线路高露头挖孔桩基础水平荷载现场试验为例,研究斜坡地形高露头挖孔桩基础水平荷载作用下的桩土体系稳定性及承载机理.结果表明:由于斜坡地形边界条件对水平承载性能的影响,高露头挖孔桩基础因埋深有限、嵌固程度低、土体约束作用弱,在水平力和倾覆力矩作用下埋置于斜坡地基的高露头桩基础呈刚性短桩特性,可基于m法计算分析其桩土体系的水平承载特性;桩身水平位移是设计控制因素,基于桩身位移和桩侧土压力的m值计算方法与结果,能够较好地反映试验现象.该成果对斜坡地形高露头挖孔桩水平承载特性的工程设计有一定的参考价值和指导意义.     

基于能量法的陡坡段桥梁基桩屈曲稳定性分析

考虑桩后坡体剩余下滑力的分布规律,以及桩前岩土体水平地基抗力弱化效应对基桩稳定性的影响,建立陡坡段桥梁基桩屈曲稳定分析计算模型。通过建立桩土体系的总势能方程,并运用能量法导得陡坡段桥梁基桩屈曲临界荷载和稳定计算长度解答。以实际工程基桩为例对影响基桩屈曲稳定性的桩身弹性模量、桩径、嵌固深度等因素进行参数分析。研究结果表明:本文计算结果与已有模型试验结果吻合较好,表明本文解答合理。基桩的埋入比、临界长径比及临界嵌固深度对其屈曲稳定性具有显著影响。     

基于有限元极限分析的桩基础荷载下边坡稳定性

为探讨桩基础荷载作用下边坡稳定性变化的一般规律，提出相应的稳定性系数计算方法. 首先，概述有限元极限分析方法，并引入某陡坡段桩基础工程实例，验证了该数值分析方法的合理性；其次，通过对桩顶水平荷载、黏聚力、桩坡相对位置等因素进行归一化处理，给出了不同工况时桩基础荷载下边坡稳定性系数计算方法，并将其以表格形式表示；然后，在探究桩基础荷载下边坡破坏模式的同时，引入荷载影响因子表征桩顶水平荷载对边坡稳定性系数的影响，并提出了桩基础荷载下边坡稳定性系数半理论半经验方法；最后，探讨了桩顶水平荷载、边坡坡比、内摩擦角、黏聚力及桩坡相对位置对边坡稳定性系数的影响. 结果表明边坡稳定性系数与内摩擦角及黏聚力正相关，与桩顶水平荷载负相关.以上分析可为陡坡段桥梁工程设计提供参考，具有一定的理论及工程应用价值.     

竖向荷载对陡岩墩式码头梅花形五桩双向承载特性影响研究

针对竖向荷载变化下的陡岩群桩(梅花形五桩)双向承载工况,采用ABAQUS有限元软件,建模过程考虑陡岩群桩基础施工承载等环节,以及软岩与桩接触非线性影响,构建陡岩梅花形五桩三维模型,计算分析竖向荷载对陡岩墩式码头梅花形五桩双向承载特性的影响.研究表明,竖向荷载对陡岩墩式码头梅花形五桩双向承载特性的影响,与群桩基础的空间效应、群桩桩身嵌固程度、桩前岩体抗力等综合作用相关.其中,R=0°～15°,随着竖向作用力的增加,承台下各桩桩顶的水平位移得到一定的抑制;但竖向作用力过大,承台下各桩桩顶的水平位移会随着其增加而增大;R=30°～45°,竖向作用力对各桩桩顶水平位移的抑制作用不明显,其桩顶水平位移呈缓变-陡增的趋势.R=0°～45°的梅花形五桩,其前排桩竖向承载发挥程度较后排桩大.R=15°～45°,其后排桩水平承载发挥程度较前排桩大.在实际工程中,可根据受力过程中群桩基础力学响应变化等,进行相应加强设计.     

桩筏基础非线性共同作用数值分析

平面壳体单元模拟筏基，用一维杆单元模拟桩体，用广义剪切位移法和有限层法模拟桩的非线性工作性状和桩－土，桩－桩，土－土之间的非线性相互作用，建立了考虑筏板实际刚度的桩筏基础非线性共同作用分析方法。通过算例分析，探讨了筏板刚度，布桩方式等因素对桩基础非线性共同作用的影响规律。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to