厦门鹭类集群营巢地分布及其生境特性的研究

2003年厦门境内分布有10个鹭类集群营巢地,营巢地鹭类平均数量1 918±567只.其中,白鹭、夜鹭、池鹭和牛背鹭繁殖群的平均数量分别为1 721±518,99±25,87±31和11±9.9只.营巢地的鹭类营巢密度平均为0.98±0.14(巢/m2).鹭类营巢地形成的最早时间为2月,最迟为5月.厦门的鹭类营巢地数量存在着变化,近5年共丧失6个鹭类营巢地,其中,营巢地林区发生火灾和工程建设土地需要各占50%的诱因.关键因子分析结果表明,营巢地受保护程度、营巢地植被、人为干扰程度以及营巢地与湿地的距离是影响鹭类集群营巢地分布的主要环境因素.因此,在鹭类营巢地管理工作中,应当重点保护营巢地的上述环境特征,同时重视防火工作.     

上海青浦地区3种鹭科鸟类活动性和栖息地利用的卫星追踪

为了解上海青浦地区混群繁殖鹭类的活动规律以及夜宿地和觅食地利用的种间差异,本研究选择青浦地区3种鹭类优势种——池鹭(Ardeola bacchus)、白鹭(Egretta garzetta)和夜鹭(Nycticorax nycticorax)作为研究对象,于2018年6月和7月在青浦郊野公园捕捉鹭类并佩戴GPS-GSM追踪设备,截至2019年7月底,共获得了5只追踪时间在86～377天之间的活动信息(1只池鹭、2只白鹭和2只夜鹭).结果显示:这5只鹭鸟没有表现出明显的长距离迁徙,仅扩散到离巢区不远的范围,最远达淀山湖以南的沪浙交界处,活动范围的面积存在较大的种内和种间差异.池鹭与白鹭的活动节律相近,均为白天活动、夜晚休息,但栖息地利用具有明显差异,池鹭夜晚和白天的主要栖息地分别是林地和莲池水塘,白鹭夜晚和白天的主要栖息地分别是林地和农田.夜鹭多在夜间活动,但两只夜鹭个体在夜间的栖息地也存在很大不同.连续追踪一整年的白鹭个体的每日移动距离在冬季明显增加,这可能与冬季食物资源较少有关.本研究表明鹭类主要利用农田和莲池水塘等人工栖息地,适宜强度的农业活动可能并不影响鹭类的种群维持.     

厦门白鹭自然保护区鹭类繁殖的空间分布

采用样方法,根据生态学原理,分析厦门白鹭自然保护区大屿岛鹭类繁殖的空间分布规律,结果表明：鹭类在大屿岛繁殖时,具有明显的水平分布特征,夜鹭（Nycticorax nycticorax）主要分布于核心中部偏南的中央大片区域,白鹭（Egretta garzetta）各处理能分布、池鹭（Aroleola bacchus）仅分布于核心区的南北;牛背鹭（Bubulcus ibis）和黄嘴白鹭（Egretta eulophotes）只分布在核心中区部偏最高,白鹭、牛背鹭和黄嘴白鹭的巢居中,而且三者巢位相近;在白鹭和池鹭营巢在同一树上的情况下,池鹭的巢处于上层,对鹭类群体繁殖时间的空间分布现象的产生原因也进行了探讨。     

重庆石板垭村鹭类种群结构及栖息地初步调查

采用了一种新的数量估测方法,对重庆市巴南区安澜镇石板垭村自然栖息地的鹭类进行了初步调查,结果表明:栖息地内共有各种鹭鸟24 621只.其中白鹭约占71.5%,夜鹭约占13.1%,池鹭和牛背鹭各约占4.4%,黄斑苇鸦约占6.6%.鹭鸟的平均栖息密度约为2.5只/m2.对调查结果的分析表明,鹭鸟群落内适当的种群比例,以及该环境所具有的繁茂的植被、清洁的水源、相对低的平均背景噪声等,是该自然栖息地形成的重要条件.     

重庆石板垭村鹭类种群结构及栖息地初步调查

采用了一种新的数量估测方法，对重庆市巴南区安澜镇石板垭村自然栖息地的鹭类进行了初步调查，结果表明：栖息地内共有各种鹭鸟24621只。其中白鹭约占71.5%，夜鹭约占13.1%，池鹭和牛背鹭各约占4.4%，黄斑苇鸦约占6.6%。鹭鸟的平均栖息密度约为2.5只／m^2。对调查结果的分析表明，鹭鸟群落内适当的种群比例，以及该环境所具有的繁茂的植被、清洁的水源、相对低的平均背景噪声等，是该自然栖息地形成的重要条件。     

鹭类招引及营巢地的恢复

本研究根据鹭类的集群繁殖行为习性,利用养殖鹭类招引野生鹭类重新集群于已经废弃的营巢地.2003年5月29日～2004年3月8日在厦门白鹭自然保护区大屿岛养殖80只白鹭(自15日龄开始),300日龄存活率为91.25%,白鹭成鸟体重为491.3～504.5 g,体长为57.05～58.18 cm.2004年招引到大屿岛繁殖的鹭类亲鸟种群数量为6 300只,主要由白鹭(占79.36%)、夜鹭(14.29%)、池鹭(4.76%)和牛背鹭(1.59%)组成.结果说明,在废弃营巢地植被等环境条件没有被破坏而且在避免其受人为干扰的情况下,利用养殖鹭类能够招引外来的野生鹭类重新回到已经废弃的营巢地进行集群繁殖.本实验也获得基本的鹭类养殖技术、鹭类摄食量及生长发育等数据,可为今后珍稀濒危鹭类的异地养殖保护奠定工作基础.     

山东曲阜鹭的生态学研究

１９９７－１９９８年的３￣８月,对山东曲阜的鹭科鸟类的生态进行了初步研究。研究结果表明：该区的鹭类有夜鹭（Ｎｙｘｔｉｃｏｒａｘ ｎｙｃｔｉｃｏｒａｘ）,白鹭（Ｅｇｒｅｔｔａ ｇａｒｚｅｔｔａ）和池鹭（Ａｒｄｅｏｌａｂａｃｈｕｓ）三种,夜鹭,白鹭,池鹭分别于三月下旬、四月上旬和四月下旬陆续迁至,于八月底全部迁离。迁至的鹭类由９７年的８０４只增至９８年的１０９２只,数量增长较快。该区的鹭类集群繁殖,混     

鹭类招引及营巢地的恢复

本研究根据鹭类的集群繁殖行为习性．利用养殖鹭类招引野生鹭类重新集群于已经废弃的营巢地．2003年5月29日～2004年3月8日在厦门白鹭自然保护区大屿岛养殖80只白鹭(自15日龄开始)．300日龄存活率为91．25％．白鹭成鸟体重为491.3～504．5g．体长为57．05～58．18cm，2004年招引到大屿岛繁殖的鹭类亲鸟种群数量为6300只．主要由白鹭(占79．36％)、夜鹭(14.29％)、池鹭(4．76％)和牛背鹭(1．59％)组成，结果说明．在废弃营巢地植被等环境条件没有被破坏而且在避免其受人为干扰的情况下．利用养殖鹭类能够招引外来的野生鹭类重新回到已经废弃的营巢地进行集群繁殖．本实验也获得基本的鹭类养殖技术、鹭类摄食量及生长发育等数据，可为今后珍稀濒危鹭类的异地养殖保护奠定工作基础．     

苍鹭的繁殖生物学观察研究

1988年3—8月在陕西省勉县铜钱坝乡陈家湾村对苍鹭的繁殖生态进行了观察。结果表明;苍鹭营巢期3～7天,交尾后5～7天产第一枚卵,窝卵数4.27±1.44(n=15)枚,孵化期25～27天,卵的重量损失率为16.6±4.4%(n=23)。雏留巢期约40天,育雏期60天。营巢、孵化、育雏均由双亲共同承担。     

北竿山鸟类资源调查

2003～2004年期间对北竿山的鸟类资源进行了实地调查,记录到鸟类38种,隶属于7目16科,其中有5种国家二级保护鸟类,另有5种属于上海市重点保护鸟类．夜鹭、池鹭、中白鹭、牛背鹭、白鹭等鹭科鸟类数量聚集有3万多只,北竿山已成为上海陆上鸟类聚集密度最大,数量最多的一个鸟类栖息地．建议建立北竿山鸟类自然保护区,申报“国际鸟盟重点乌区（IBA）”,加强对北竿山鸟类资源的有效管理和保护．     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to