双金属机用锯条热处理工艺研究

研究了Ｗ９Ｍｏ３Ｃｒ４Ｎ和５０ＣｒＶＡ钢制成的双金属机用锯条的热处理工艺。结果表明，双金属机用锯条采用低高温回火比常规回火具有更优良的性能。其主要原因是，采用低温回火主要析出ε及Ｍ３Ｃ型碳化物，使马氏体中合金子数与碳原子数的比值升高，从而有利于高温回火时Ｍ２Ｃ型碳化物弥散均匀析出。     

超高速钢的热处理工艺研究

通过对铸态超高速钢的热处理工艺试验，得出了最佳等温退火软化工艺参数．在进行了淬火和高温回火最终热处理试验后，借助于定量金相和电子显微分析，认为在淬火回火过程中，主要是Ｍ６Ｃ型碳化物的溶解和沉淀析出，而ＭＣ型碳化物的影响较小。     

一种确定回火工艺的新方法

利用回归分析方法，给出了一个能够描述４０ＣｒＮｉ钢回火过程的新的经验公式，利用该公式可以方便地确定４０ＣｒＮｉ钢的回火工艺。同时，提出了一种确定淬火钢回火工艺的新方法。     

W_6Mo_5Cr_4V_2高速钢模具材料的回火抗力

对试验用钢（Ｗ＿６ＭＯ＿５Ｃｒ＿４Ｖ＿２即ＡＩＳＩＭ２）的抗回火性能进行了研究，结果表明在１０８０～１２２５℃范围进行奥氏体化处理后的回火曲线均具有非单调的二次硬化的特征，曲线的低谷几乎均对应着３５０℃回火状态；其峰值温度随奥化温度升高在４５０～５６０℃范围变动，相应地，本文定义的二次硬化强度△ＨＲＣ值自１ＨＲＣ增加到６ＨＲＣ。     

合金元素对一种多元合金钢可逆回火脆性的影响

研究了合金元素对一种多元合金钢可逆回火脆性的影响。结果表明，产生可逆回 火脆性的温度范围是４００～５５０℃．主要原因是Ｐ在晶界上的偏聚．沿晶单位面 积的断裂功与Ｐ的偏聚量有Ａｋ＝０．４４－３．４Ｊ／ｍｍ２关系。式中，为Ｐ在 积的断裂功与Ｐ的偏聚量有Ａｋ＝０．４４－３．４ＹＪ／ｍｍ２关系。式中为Ｐ在 晶界偏聚位置分数。阶梯回火不但加速了Ｐ的偏聚速度，而且提高了平衡偏聚量。 合金中的Ｃ排斥Ｐ，并且Ｃ本身有增强晶界结合力的作用，因此适量的Ｃ对防止 可逆回火脆性是有好处的；Ｃｒ有明显促进Ｐ在晶界偏聚的作用．其原因足Ｃｒ与 Ｃ之间交互作用较强；Ｍｎ，Ｎｉ，Ｃｕ山于都会促进Ｐ在晶界的偏聚，所以不同程 度的促进了可逆回火脆性。     

高速钢马氏体回火特性的合金价电子结构分析

运用固体与分子经验电子理论（ＥＥＴ）对通用型高速钢Ｗ６Ｍｏ５Ｃｒ４Ｖ２（Ｍ２）不同热处理状态的回火特性作了合金价电子结构的分析研究．通过马氏体内不同类型的价电子结构单元构成及其权重，用价电子结构信息ｎＡ及新参量Ｎ＿Ｄ￣Ｃ片分析了回火硬度曲线上显示的二次硬化强度及峰值温度的变化，从而对钢回火的认识深入到了材料价电子结构的层次．     

一种Cr─Mo─V冷轧辊钢回火工艺参数的研究

利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对一种Cr－Mo－V冷轧辊钢淬火后的回火组织进行了观察．通过Hollomon关系式建立了该钢回火参数曲线，并在此基础上，建立了等效回方程，为该钢的热处理参数的选择提供必要的理论依据和试验依据．     

回火温度对Ni—Cr—Al硬弹合金组织和性能的影响

研究了Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ硬弹合金的组织和性能，实验结果表明，不同的回火温度析出γ、（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ）相和富Ｃｒ（α）相的颗粒大小与分布状态亦不同，在５５０℃，５ｈ回火处理时，析出γ、（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ）相的周围产生大量的富Ｃｒ（α）相，颗粒细小，弥散分布，使合金的咸底和弯曲强度有明显地提高。     

冷轧AISI301不锈钢回火组织和结构变化

使用热磁法、电阻法与Ｘ射线衍射及透射式电子显微镜相结合，分析了冷轧ＡＩＳＩ３０１不锈钢经不同温度回火处理后组织及结构的变化。结果表明，在３８０℃回火奥氏体的晶粒内有微量纳米级的Ｃｒ７Ｃ３碳化物析出及随着钢冷加工塑性变形产生的残余应力的去除，少量的亚稳奥氏体发生贝氏体等温转变，Ａ＾ｍ→α＾Ｂ。这些对钢有微弱的强化作用，在６００℃和６５０℃加热，ＡＩＳＩ３０１钢发生了α→γ相变，致使钢丧失了冷加工变形     

G99二次硬化钢的穆斯堡尔谱研究

用穆斯堡尔谱技术研究了高Ｃｏ－Ｎｉ二次硬化马氏体钢（Ｇ９９）在不同回火制度下的组织结构变化，实验结果表明，随着回火温度的升高，起初奥氏体量有所降低，在４８０℃回火５ｈ奥氏体量达到最低，随后，随着回火温度的升高，奥氏体量又较快地增加，碳化物含量也随回火温度变化而所变化，随后，随着回火温度的升高，奥氏体量又较快地增加，碳化物含量也随回火温度变化而所变化，值得注意的是马氏体中Ｃｏ和Ｎｉ替代铁原子而成为Ｆ     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.