试论语域理论在英语作文中的应用

系统功能语言学家认为,语言在情景中产生,情景的变化能引起语言的变异。韩礼德等人把支配语言变异的情景因素归纳为语场、语旨和语式三个变量,这三个中的任何一项发生变化,都会引起语言的变异,产生不同的语域。因此,在语言学习中语域基本理论的掌握,对英语写作,特别是大学英语四、六级作文写作,具有很高的实用价值。     

语域分析视域下的特殊用途英语教学——以航空英语为例

语域研究的目的在于发掘控制语言随情景类型不同而改变的情况,进而了解什么样的情境因素决定什么样的语言特点。本文在韩礼德多功能语言观语域理论的观照下,试图揭示特殊用途英语中语言运用的功能特点以及形式与功能的关系,并以航空英语为例,阐释在不同的情景变量中,对特定的语篇进行全面的语域分析。     

论英诗中的语言变异

语言变异在英语诗歌中运用广泛且深受诗人欢迎。本文借用英诗详细地讨论英语诗歌中六种常见的语言变异形式：语音、语法、语义、语域、词汇、书写，并分析其变异的意义和作用。     

英汉仿拟的语域偏离及其文体功能

仿拟作为一种特殊的修辞方式在现代社会被日益广泛地使用着。而语境的符号结构由三大妥毒构成：语场（field）、语旨（tenor）、语式（mode）,这三个语境因素共同作用,制约讲话者对词语和语义结构的选择。语境成分中任何一项的改变都会引起语义的变化,导致语言的变异,并进而产生不同的语域。语域理论对分析仿拟的三种语域偏离现象及其文体功能有着重要作用。     

语境与大学英语写作教学

在大学英语写作教学中,教师要指导学生运用语境进行写作。首先,教师要向学生传授写作过程中需要的各种语境知识。其次,教师要引导学生在写作过程中认真分析要写作的语篇的语境。通过分析语篇主题、语篇体裁和语言形式等语篇内语境以及与语篇作者和读者相关的情景语境和文化语境等语篇外语境,学生能够写出内容丰富,语言得体的英语语篇,达到自己的交际目的。     

语域理论视阈下的语篇设计差异性探究--以大学英语小组主题口语语篇为例

语域是由情景语境的语场、语旨和语式共同作用而产生的语言变体,也制约着语言的三种元功能的呈现。通过在语域理论的基础上建构的语篇评价新机制,对英语口语自主学习小组生成的语篇进行差异性分析。研究发现,制约自主语篇生成显著差异性的主要因素是由于学习者对情景语境的认知差异,以及词语和语义结构在准确性和连贯性方面的的选择差异造成的。本研究提出切实可行的实质建议,以期使学习者能具备多角度多方式发挥英语语言本质功能的语篇设计能力和转化应用能力,为学习者自主学习模式的探索提供理论层面和实证层面的论证支持。     

语域对语篇写作策略的影响

语域理论不仅是语言学研究本身的重要方法,而且具有广泛的应用潜力。把语域理论应用到英语写作策略分析,结果表明:语域的三个变体对语篇写作策略具有重大影响。     

大学英语四级写作测试中的语域意识

语域的基本功能是预测语篇结构,语域三变量语场、语旨和语式限定了语篇的话题、语体等要素,在语篇构建过程中它们缺一不可。语域知识不仅对英语写作教学有很大的指导意义,对英语写作测试同样如此。笔者认为,大学英语四级写作测试命题应加强语域意识．从而给大学英语写作教学以积极的反拔作用,促进大学生英语写作能力的普遍提高。     

母语思维负迁移对大学英语写作的影响

由于受到母语汉语的影响,学生在英语写作过程中,常会受汉语思维模式的影响,运用汉语的语言知识进行英语写作,这对荚语写作产生了负迁移现象。本文从词汇、句法、文化等三个层面对母语负迁移对英语写作的影响进行了分析,来探求有助于排除负迁移的干扰。提高英语写作水平的途径。     

俚语:社会变体与语境变体的综合

《简明牛津词典》给俚语（Ｓｌａｎｇ）的定义是指那些很不正式的词语。从语域角度看，它属于非正式或超非正式语体，远在标准语体以下，在这里，引起语言变异的社会原因实际上是构成交际情景的因素；因为从语言上来说，行业实际上是说话题材，而集团则是指交际双方说话者...     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to