小议供水管道检漏技术及维修

城市的工业生产和居民生活离不开城市的供水支持,城市供水系统作为城市基础设施建设的重要部分,是保证城市运作的关键。但是在实际的管理中,供水系统由于多方影响因素,时常出现不同程度的管道漏水。管道漏水不仅影响了市民的正常生活,也使得供水管理部门提高了管道维修的成本,带来了经济负担,为此,应该定期地对城市供水管道进行检测和维修,防患于未然,减少不必要的损失,本文针对供水管道的检漏技术提出了若干意见,以提升城市供水系统的质量。     

2018年1月河南省暴雪寒潮天气对设施农业的影响评估

2018年1月上旬河南省出现了两次大范围降雪、寒潮天气过程,对设施农业生产造成一定不利影响。选取1月上旬河南省的两次降雪、寒潮天气过程气象资料,以及设施农业气象灾害调查资料,进行统计分析,做出了此次灾害过程对河南省设施农业生产的影响评估。根据分析,暴雪致全省90%以上市（县）设施农业气象灾害等级达到中度以上,50%以上市（县）达特重级别;大风对日光温室影响不大,对部分塑料大棚有轻度灾害;低温致全省日光温室蔬菜均达到不同程度气象灾害等级。同时对主要致灾原因进行了分析,提出了暴雪、寒潮天气设施农业防御对策。     

城市供水管网检漏与控制措施

一、检漏的目的和意义随着社会进步以及人民生活水平的提高,城市供水规模不断扩大,对供水系统的安全性及供水保证率提出了更高的要求,给水系统管理维护也愈加重要。供水管道的安全性一方面是指要保证用户的水量、水压要求,另一方面还要保证用户用水的时间连续性,更重要的是不能因管道的破损给管道所处位置的周围设施造成破坏及损失。城市     

兰州市中心城区给水专项规划研究

以兰州市中心城区给水专项规划为例,介绍了规划研究背景及范围、目标,在深入分析了兰州城区供水系统现状的基础上,提出城区现状供水系统及设施存在问题。本着解决现状供水系统存在问题,严密结合现行上位规划,充分考虑城市地形及建设用地分布的原则,合理确定城区预测用水量,详细论述城区供水水源、供水系统、供水设施、管理系统的规划方案,同时系统的介绍了城区供水系统正常运行及事故备用运行方案,为类似给水专项规划编制提供参考。     

基于GIS的高温气象灾害风险区划研究——以漳州为例

通过分析1966-2015年漳州市年平均极端最高气温空间分布、年平均高温日数空间分布、土地利用情况等数据,探讨形成高温气象灾害的一级评估因子和二级评估指标的划分法,制作基于GIS的漳州市高温气象灾害风险区划图,揭示了漳州市高温气象灾害分布规律。     

上海探索分区气象风险预警

正上海市正在探索分区气象风险预警,以提升超大城市精细化管理水平。近年来,上海市气象部门联合水务、民政等部门在杨浦区试点开展了城市内涝风险预警服务:将原本面向中心城区整体发布的预警精细到杨浦区,作出哪些区域将发生内涝的风险预警。2017年起,上海市气象部门联合徐汇区,以暴雨内涝、低温寒潮、高温热浪等灾害为切入点进行风险预警,将气象大数据与交通、网格化管理、热线电话等     

小议供水管网中的阀门

供水系统是城市中的重要基础设施，供水系统中的给水管线是其重要的组成部分，它的安全、稳定运行直接影响着当地居民的日常生活，也直接影响着供水企业的服务质量、经济效益和管理水平。但是由于管道的故障、更新改造及用水户增减等多方面的原因，供水区域内局部管段的停水现象难以避免；同时为了合理调节管网压力和流量，寻求最佳供水压力，减少供水电耗，在管网内适当的位置安装阀门并保障阀门正常运行就显得十分必要而且重要。     

城市地下供水管道检测主要方法及应注意的问题

城市供水是城市建设的重要基础设施，对保证城市经济的稳定发展和人民生活水平的提高有着举足轻重的作用，在水资源贫乏和环境污染制约城镇供水规模的今天，供水管道漏水是对优质水源的浪费，在供水不足的城市更加剧供求矛盾，它不仅增加了净水成本，而且还额外地增大了供水设施的投资费用，同时、也导致一些水淹，道路损坏等次生灾害。降低管道漏损率更是反映供水企业管理水平的重要标志之一。     

文山州寒潮的气候特征分析

采用文山州8个气象观测站1980～2008年近29 a 11月～次年4月的日平均气温、最低气温、各县寒潮气温临界值Tk等资料,计算出24h及48h降温幅度,根据云南省气象局制定的全省寒潮标准,结合文山州的气候特点,找出符合文山州寒潮标准的寒潮天气过程,并统计分析这29 a来全州8站寒潮的时空分布、强度、路径等特征.统计中发现,每个站点寒潮出现的频率不仅与站点的位置有关,还与站点的海拔高度有一定的对应关系;寒潮天气出现的频率,呈逐年下降的趋势;寒潮出现前1～2 d,其各层关键区内,会出现相应的指示性变化.找到这些特征,对做好文山州寒潮的预测预报有着重要的参考价值.     

小议城市供水管网漏损控制措施

城市供水管网漏损控制是个系统工程,必须在合理规划和科学管理的基础上,采取必要的技术措施和管理手段进行综合治理。供水管网是整个供水系统的主要组成部分,管道、管件及其一些附属设施都有发生漏水的可能,引起管网漏损的原因主要体现在管材及配件质量;管道施工安装质量;管道老化腐蚀;外力破坏等几个方面。文章结合本人多年工程施工经验对城市供水管网漏损控制措施进行探讨分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.