测定相似材料模型实验数据的数码照相方法

针对现有的相似材料模型实验位移观测方法的局限性,采用普通数码照相方法进行模型测点的位移观测.在每个测点周围布设独立的控制格网并进行单点数码照相,在常规数字成图软件中对数码照片进行图像处理,获取控制格网角点和测点标志的图像坐标,通过坐标变换和影像畸变纠正后,解算出各测点在独立控制格网中的实际坐标.实例应用表明,该方法简便实用,测定位移精度高且可靠,可在模型实验中推广应用.     

改进的主动形状模型在植物叶形分类中的应用

针对植物叶形识别的特点,采用改进的主动形状模型实现叶片图像的批量识别和分类.在模型中以地标点序列表示对象形状轮廓,分别应用覆盖面积半径和生物学参照点进行伸缩变换和旋转变换,归一化地标点序列间的统计关系,进而研究形状间的相似性和差异性;在分类时通过设置相似度阈值,强化了同类叶片的标准,从而减少了一些非同类的误归入事件的发生.实验表明改进的主动形状模型在叶形识别中得到稳健的识别率.     

移动单目相机下基于单应的动态手势轨迹识别

针对单目相机的移动会造成图像坐标系的全局运动,对手势识别中运动轨迹的观测产生影响,不能满足手势交互的应用需要的问题,建立并证明了一种基于单应的目标运动轨迹观测模型.该模型通过分析目标平面运动时相邻帧之间的射影关系,利用单应矩阵求解与特征点的重投影,求得相邻帧之间的目标相对运动矢量,得到世界坐标系下的目标运动轨迹.为验证该模型的有效性,基于该模型提出了一种利用移动相机进行动态手势轨迹识别的方法.实验结果表明:使用该方法进行动态手势轨迹识别的识别率为89%,处理速度达到72.28帧/s,在移动相机环境下保证了手势识别系统的识别率与实时性.     

一种基于全景视觉系统的Robocop机器人定位方法

对全景视觉成像原理进行了讨论,提出了一种基于YUV色彩空间的多阈值图像分割和利用三角定位原理实现的机器人定位方法.通过识别全景视觉图像中坐标已知的特征信标,提取信标特征,进而应用几何原理计算出机器人的空间坐标,实现机器人的定位,为机器人导航和蔽障工作奠定了基础,有效地减少了彩色图像分割的计算量,避免了全景视觉图像柱面展开所带来的误差.通过实验证明,本方法能够较精确地实现机器人的定位.     

大角度透视变形集装箱图像箱号识别方法

针对存在大角度透视变形的集装箱图像,提出一种新的集装箱箱号识别方法.首先对图像进行透视变换校正,然后利用深度卷积神经网络模型定位并识别出集装箱图像中的26个大写英文字母和10个阿拉伯数字,最后利用集装箱箱号的先验知识,通过级联决策规则从候选字符集中识别出集装箱箱号.此方法应用于重庆港集装箱1 035张实景图像,箱号识别精度达97%,基于NVIDIA GeForce GTX1080图形处理器加速的箱号识别速度为每秒2～5帧.     

基于Android智能手机的GNSS定位精度和准度分析

为更准确定位Android终端(GNSS:Global Navigation Satellite System)定位精度,使手机更好地在泛测绘场景应用,选取两个典型测点,通过48 h连续观测并采用GAMIT/GLOBK软件解算获得测点"真实"坐标.使用两款智能手机采集全球导航卫星系统原始观测数据,进行静态和动态定位精度和准确度对比实验.结果 表明,三星Galaxy S8定位结果普遍优于华为P10;静态后处理,LGO(Leica Geo Office)解算结果好于RTKLIB解算结果;动态实时解,三星Galaxy S8实现固定解且具有较好的准度(优于1dm);华为PI0的结果较差,准度在3.18 ～5.52 m之间,精度在2.67～4.88 m之间,且未实现固定解.     

正己烷在Ni/HM催化剂上的异构化反应动力学模型

利用高压微反色谱装置 ,在温度 4 83.15～ 5 2 3.15K、压力 1.0～ 3.0MPa、氢油比 10～ 4 0、重时空速 0 .5～2 .5h-1的条件下 ,对正己烷在Ni/HM催化剂上的临氢异构化动力学进行了实验研究 ,并考察了总压、空速、温度、氢油比等因素对正己烷异构化反应速率的影响。结果表明 ,正己烷临氢异构化反应为拟一级反应 ,其表观活化能为(10 0± 1.5 )kJ/mol。用Langmuir Hinshelwood方法建立了正己烷异构化双位反应动力学模型 ,该模型的计算值与实验结果吻合较好     

基于GIS技术和FEFLOW的秦王川盆地南部地下水数值模拟

在系统分析研究区地质及水文地质条件的基础上,确定了研究区范围和边界条件,借助GIS技术和FEFLOW建立了研究区地下水系统概念模型和数学模型及相应的地下水系统数值模型.用2004-2005年地下水动态观测井的地下水动态观测资料对数值模型进行了识别和率定,运用识别后的模型对现状水平年(2004年)的地下水系统进行了模拟与分析.结果表明:建立的模型能够较好地反应研究区水文地质空间分布及组合方式,具有一定的代表性,可以用于数值模拟计算.选择2005年为预测初始时间,2015年为终止时间,利用模型对研究区进行预测.在模型运行10年后,研究区北部区域地下水位上升3～5 m,中部区域的上升5～10 m,南部区域的上升10～15 m.分析模拟区域地下水上升范围,为今后实施排水措施奠定了一定的技术基础,也为排水措施的选址提供了一定的依据.     

基于遗传算法自适应建立HMM的静脉识别算法

为了准确地对人的身份进行识别,利用图像中脉络延伸方向与脉络间位置的相互联系,将隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)应用于识别系统中,提出了一种基于遗传算法自适应建立HMM的静脉识别算法.图像经预处理后得到静脉的骨架信息,将细化后的静脉图像进行Radon变换,每一静脉对象可表示为一个HMM;对于已知确定的训练样本库,利用遗传算法自适应调整HMM参数,使所有测试图像的观测序列在真实匹配模型中发生的概率值远远大于其在虚假匹配模型中发生的概率值,提高了不同静脉对象的区分度.实验表明,该算法具有较高的正确识别率,并具有良好的实时性.     

基于隐Markov模型的图像方位识别

提出一种基于隐Markov模型(Hidden Markov Model,HMM)的图像方位识别方法.将待识别的目标图像进行分割,对子图像进行奇异值分解,提取奇异值向量形成观测序列,即图像奇异值向量作为HMM的观测向量.确定HMM参数并计算其最大似然概率,按待识别图像最大似然概率对应所属的聚类进行识别.实验结果表明,3类共150幅目标图像的识别率达到了85%.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to