水平环缝内冷水自然对流换热实验

对水平环缝内冷水自然对流换热性能进行了实验研究.水平环缝宽度为6～18 mm,外壁温度维持0℃,换热温差为2～24℃.结果表明,在实验范围内,内壁面的平均表面传热系数随环缝宽度的增大而增加;当温差小于4℃或大于8℃时,平均表面传热系数随温差的增大而增大,在4～8℃范围内,随温差的增大而减小.采用逐步线性回归方法,得到了内壁传热关联式.     

环缝式电磁搅拌法制备半固态浆料过程电磁场的数值模拟

建立了环缝式电磁搅拌法制备半固态金属浆料系统电磁场的计算模型,采用商用ANSYS软件对制浆系统内电磁场分布进行了数值模拟,分析了电流、频率、坩埚材质、冷却器材质和环缝宽度对磁感应强度的影响规律,并进行了相应的实验验证. 研究结果表明:电磁场模拟结果与实验结果具有较好地一致性,验证了计算模型与软件算法的可行性;系统电磁力主要分布于环缝内,提高了对合金熔体的搅拌强度;在相同的环缝宽度下,磁感应强度随频率的增大而依次减小,随电流的增大而依次增大;同时选用不锈钢坩埚与石墨冷却器可以使环缝内铝合金熔体的磁感应强度获得最大;相同电流和频率条件下,磁感应强度随着环缝宽度减小而逐渐增大;相同搅拌功率条件下,环缝式电磁搅拌法可以获得更加细小均匀的半固态组织,平均晶粒尺寸较普通电磁搅拌法减小31%.     

温度比对叶片内冷通道对流传热影响的数值研究

为了提高涡轮叶片内冷通道流动传热计算精度,首先讨论了大温差下空气物性不同计算方法间的差异,并通过与管内常用传热经验关系式结果的对比,研究了不同定性温度取值方法和湍流模型对数值模拟结果的影响。在此基础上侧重研究了大温差对光滑圆形内冷通道内的流动传热的影响,温度比变化范围0.5～0.9,通道Re数范围20 000～60 000,得到了传热Nu数和温度修正因子随温度比与Re数的变化数据和拟合关系式。结果表明采用截面平均流体温度定义传热系数和采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型可使局部和平均传热系数与Gnielinski公式结果符合良好。大温差对通道传热的影响显著,Nu数最大降幅可达30%。计算显示温度修正因子随温度比的减小而减小,随Re数的增大而减小。     

大体积混凝土墙水化放热温度场分析

为有效进行大体积混凝土施工温度控制，对大体积混凝土施工过程中温度场分布规律进行研究．针对混凝土水化放热过程中内热源随时间变化的问题，采用杜哈美尔定理推导出第三类边界条件下大体积混凝土墙水化放热温度场的解析解．由大体积混凝土墙水化放热温度场解析解可知，混凝土水化放热过程中，混凝土内某一点温度随时间增加先增大后减小，且温度变化近似符合指数函数之和；某一时刻混凝土内温度从核心到表面逐渐降低，且温度分布近似符合三角函数．结合解析解与数值分析方法研究发现，随着混凝土厚度、入模温度、混凝土绝热温升和单方胶凝材料对应系数的增大，混凝土养护阶段核心最高温度升高，导致混凝土里表温差增大；随着表面传热系数增加，混凝土养护阶段核心最高温度和表面温度降低，但是混凝土里表温差增大．混凝土内最大自约束应力正比于里表温差，因此通过分层浇筑、降低混凝土的入模温度、减小混凝土表面传热系数、降低混凝土绝热温升值和单方胶凝材料对应系数等方式可以减小混凝土内最大自约束应力，降低大体积混凝土开裂风险．     

区域供冷系统供回水经济温差优化模型研究

从经济的角度综合考虑,基于动态年折算费用法建立了区域供冷系统供回水经济温差的优化模型,并以夏热冬冷地区某小区区域供冷系统为例,分析了用电价格、比摩阻、供冷距离以及空调负荷等因素对供回水经济温差的影响.结果表明,当供回水经济温差为6.3℃时,年度费用最低,此时供水温度为5.9℃,与常规设计温度7/12℃相比,每年可节约2.4万元,经济温差随电价的增加而减小,随比摩阻、供冷距离、空调负荷的增大而增大.     

火灾环境下储罐热响应行为的数值模拟

建立火灾环境下的储罐热响应模型,针对立式储罐进行数值模拟.计算结果表明储罐压力响应速率随充装率的增大而增大,随热流密度的增大而增大,随储罐壁面材料传热系数的增大而增大;储罐内部介质温度响应数率随充装率的增大而减小,随储罐壁面材料传热系数的增大而增大.     

扩散应力对圆筒结构中渗C的影响

运用数值方法模拟C浓度和扩散应力沿壁厚方向随扩散时间的演变规律,研究圆筒结构在平面应变情况下扩散应力对渗C的影响.结果表明:扩散应力增大了C的有效扩散系数,从而加速了质量传递的过程;当扩散时间一定时,C浓度和平均浓度随着圆筒外径与内径比值的增大而减小.圆筒中内表面渗C导致径向应力从内壁到外壁始终为压应力,周向和轴向应力在内壁附近为压应力,在外壁附近为拉应力.     

低温多效蒸发海水淡化装置中流动阻力对传热温差的影响

为了确定低温多效蒸发(LT-MED)海水淡化装置中流动阻力对传热温差的影响,基于考虑阻力损失的LT-MED热力过程数学模型,计算了各项流动阻力引起的温差损失在装置各效蒸发/冷凝器中的分布,分析了蒸发/冷凝器数量、平均表观传热温差对阻力引起的传热温差损失的影响。结果表明:平均表观传热温差一定时,每效蒸发/冷凝器内各项阻力随蒸发/冷凝器序列数的增加先减小后增大,相应温差损失逐渐增大;随蒸发/冷凝器数量增加,管内凝结和除沫器流动阻力引起的温差损失所占比例均上升,而管束流动阻力呈下降趋势;装置中阻力引起的传热温差损失比例随蒸发/冷凝器数量增加、平均表观传热温差增大而增大,且相当可观,对装置性能的影响不可忽视。     

水平管外海水降膜蒸发传热特殊现象分析

以低温多效蒸发海水淡化装置中的水平管降膜蒸发过程为研究对象,对海水水平管降膜蒸发的传热系数在不同蒸发温度、雷诺数(Re)等条件下沿圆周角方向的分布特征进行了实验研究.研究结果表明:海水作为实验流体时,传热系数随蒸发温度的升高而降低,随Re的增大而呈现先升高,达到最大值后略微降低的趋势,随圆周角的增大而先减小后增大.     

导流片对90°矩形弯管内粒子沉积的数值分析

采用数值模拟的方法研究分析了工程中常用的水平弯管在设置导流片与否的情况下,管内气流特征和粒子在其内壁面的沉积规律。结果表明,导流片的设置使管道流场更加均匀,不同风管尺寸和管内流速时,弯管内粒子沉积速度的空间分布相似。内侧内壁面粒子沉积速度与风管宽度、管内流速均呈正相关;外侧内壁面粒子沉积速度随风管宽度增加而减小,随管内流速增加而明显增大。利用模拟的64个工况数据,提出了4类弯管内、外侧内壁面平均粒子沉积速度预测公式,为预测弯管内壁面沉积量、确定风管清洗必要性提供了理论依据。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.