用IAL-CHS反应器降解2,4-DCP和处理啤酒废水的比较

利用IAL-CHS反应器分别吸附单一的微生物Achromobactersp.来降解2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP)和吸附复合微生物菌群来处理啤酒废水.通过比较试验表明,单一的微生物和复合微生物菌群均能很容易地在蜂窝陶瓷载体的表面上形成生物膜,并表现出较高的生物活性.在连续降解2,4-DCP时,反应器稳定运行之后,2,4-DCP的去除率达到98％.连续流处理啤酒废水时,在水力停留时间为7h条件下,随着进水的COD浓度逐渐增加,其COD去除率达到95.5％.有机物负荷也逐渐增高,达到3.52kgCOD／(m3·d).     

上流式厌氧污泥床工艺处理木薯淀粉废水试验

在实验室内采用上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器处理南宁市明阳淀粉厂的木薯淀粉废水。结果表明,UASB反应器处理COD浓度低于8000mg/L的淀粉废水时,COD去除率为70%~80%,容积负荷能达到每天11kgCOD/(m3·d)。UASB反应器处理木薯淀粉废水是无能耗、基建投资少的废水处理工艺。     

一体式膜生物反应器处理中药废水的试验研究

针对中药废水具有COD高,水质变化大等特点,采用一体式膜生物反应器(MBR)对中药废水的厌氧反应器出水进行处理,在固定水力停留时间(HRT)为5 h的条件下,考察了进水COD质量浓度及污泥质量浓度(MLSS)与COD去除之间的关系.结果表明,当HRT为5 h,进水COD质量浓度小于3 000 mg/L时,膜出水COD小于30 mg/L,满足中水回用标准;当进水COD质量浓度为3 000～6 000 mg/L时,膜出水COD大于30 mg/L而小于100 mg/L,满足污水排放标准;当进水COD质量浓度大于6 000 mg/L,膜出水COD大于100 mg/L,不能满足污水排放标准.同时污泥质量浓度(MLSS)与COD去除的关系表明,为了达到更好的COD去除率,MBR的最佳MLSS应控制在7 543 mg/L.     

内置蜂窝陶瓷的气升式内循环生物反应器II.固定化Achromobacter sp.降解氯酚和苯酚

蜂窝陶瓷固定化细胞气升式内循环生物反应器(IAL-CHS)降解氯酚和苯酚.对该反应器进行了批式和连续流降解实验,固定于陶瓷载体上的微生物经过短时间适应后,能有效地降解氯酚和苯酚,表现出较好的稳定性和抵抗冲击负荷性能,在350h的连续流处理过程中,氯酚的降解率越来越高,达到98%以上.     

生物接触氧化法处理富马酸废水

采用好氧生物膜接触氧化法处理富马酸废水,用盾式纤维填料作为生物的支持物,研究生物降解富马酸的原理和不同工艺条件对富马酸废水降解的影响．实验结果表明,富马酸的降解符合一级反应规律,最佳的反应气水比为16,控制水力停留时间为8h．当富马酸废水COD和BOD,分别增至l800mg／L和520mg／L时,处理后的废水的COD约为216mg／L,BOD,约为114mg／L,BOD,与COD的比值为0.53．在反应器容积负荷提高到原来的7．6倍,运行40h后,COD去除率约可恢复到70％,表明生物膜接触氧化反应器具有较大的缓冲能力,其抗冲击负荷能力较强。     

厌氧-SBR法处理啤酒模拟废水的工艺研究

采用厌氧-SBR法处理啤酒模拟废水,考察其对啤酒废水的处理效果.实验结果表明,进水平均COD为2 174 mg/L,氨氮平均进水质量浓度为31 mg/L,正磷酸盐平均进水质量浓度为5 mg/L.经过处理后,出水COD、氨氮和正磷酸盐分别为84、4、0.42 mg/L,满足国家排放标准.厌氧-SBR方法处理啤酒废水效果明显,运行稳定,具有一定的可行性.     

SBBR处理人工模拟猪场废水的试验研究

采用序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)处理模拟猪场废水,采用聚酯海绵作为填料,好氧阶段DO值控制在3～7 mg/L,逐步提升水力负荷,经过75d的连续实验,结果表明,当进水COD为2 000 mg/L,NH4+—N为480 mg/L时,COD去除率可达60%～90%,NH4+—N去除率为25%～50%.SBBR反应器对废水COD去除率较高,氨氮去除效果较低,具有一定的处理猪场废水的能力.填料的种类和反应器的设计也是影响氨氮去除率的关键因素.     

膜-好氧组合工艺处理餐饮废水的研究

采用无机膜－好氧组合工艺对高浓度餐饮废水（COD15000mg/L)进行处理，考察进水COD浓度，溶解氧浓度，水力停留时间对好氧反应器处理效果的影响，结果表明，当水力停留时间大于5．6h时，废水的COD去除率高于90％，温度对处理效果影响不大。对好氧出水用无机膜进行分离，最终出水COD小于25mg/L，浊度小于1NTU。     

污泥浓度对膜生物反应器处理焦化废水的影响

为提高膜生物反应器对焦化废水的处理效果,在不同污泥质量浓度条件下进行膜生物反应器处理焦化废水实验,分析污泥质量浓度对污染物去除效果及膜污染的影响。结果表明：污泥质量浓度为4 000 mg/L左右时处理效果最佳,出水酚类质量浓度为5.88 mg/L,去除率达98.39%;NH3-N的质量浓度维持在15 mg/L,去除率为87%;COD的出水质量浓度为31 mg/L,去除率达到98.4%。污泥质量浓度在3 000～5 000 mg/L时,膜通量变化幅度较小,6 000 mg/L时膜通量急剧下降。     

复合式MBR处理化学合成类制药废水研究

采用复合式膜生物反应器（CMBR）对化学合成类制药废水的厌氧反应器出水进行处理研究,系统在不同的水力停留时间（HRT）下,各运行了一段时间,以此寻求最短HRT.实验结果表明,当HRT为10 h和5 h时,进水COD质量浓度在915.9-1 937.5 mg/L之间波动,复合式MBR的出水COD分别为62.5-141.7 mg/L和76.2-149.7 mg/L,COD去除率分别为88.7%-96%和85.7%-94.3%,均可以满足达标排放标准要求（150 mg/L）.当HRT为3 h时,出水COD质量浓度为176.2-291.7 mg/L,不能满足达标排放标准要求.复合式MBR处理化学合成类制药废水的最佳HRT应控制在5 h.污泥质量浓度（MLSS）与COD去除的关系表明,为了得到更好的COD去除率,复合式MBR的最佳MLSS应控制在7 000 mg/L左右.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with