基于非下采样Contourlet信息熵的纹理图像检索

提出了一种基于非下采样Contourlet信息熵的纹理图像检索新方法.首先对原始图像进行三层非下采样Contourlet分解;然后计算各个子带的能量,并对其进行排序、合并,得到纹理直方图;最后以纹理直方图为概率密度函数,并用改进的信息熵方法求得函数的熵,以此作为纹理特征进行检索.实验结果表明,该方法与当前基于多分辨率的纹理图像检索方法相比具有更高的查全率和查准率.     

基于多小波和非下采样Contourlet变换的纹理检索

为了更有效地进行纹理图像检索,提出了一种新的基于多小波变换和非下采样Contourlet变换相结合的纹理图像检索方法.首先,采用多小波对图像进行多尺度分解以便保证变换平移不变性的同时也消除变换的冗余性;然后,将所得的高频子带采用非下采样方向滤波器组进行多方向分解,计算低频子带和各层方向子带的一阶几何矩作为纹理特征;最后...     

基于非下采样contourlet变换的纹理图像检索算法

提出一种应用非下采样contourlet变换(nonsubsampled contourlet transform,NSCT)进行图像检索的算法,以获取一种兼顾纹理图像概貌和细节信息的特征,从而提高图像检索的性能.该算法利用NSCT对图像进行多尺度、多方向分解,获得子带系数矩阵;对低频子带系数提取能量和方差作为全局纹理特征,并对高频子带系数分别提取尺度间和尺度内纹理信息;通过非高斯双变量模型拟合子带系数,利用信息熵描述尺度间特征;尺度内特征通过对同一层子带图像按主方向排序,获得直方图图像,计算其加权信息熵作为特征向量.对Brodatz标准纹理库的检索实验结果表明,与同类算法相比,该文方法具有更高的检索性能.     

基于非下采样Contourlet变换的自适应阈值图像去噪方法

Contourlet变换是一种真正的图像二维表示方法,具有方向性和各向异性,能稀疏地表示图像。但Contourlet变换不具备平移不变性,图像去噪时会存在伪Gibbs现象。为了克服这种不足,在Contourlet变换基础上,构建了非下采样Contourlet变换,首先将图像进行非下采样Contourlet变换,接着运用自适应阈值进行去噪处理,然后进行非下采样Contourlet逆变换,得到去噪后图像。实验结果表明,采用非下采样Contourlet变换方法能有效去除图像噪声,并能保持图像纹理细节,提高图像信噪比,视觉效果好,其去噪效果优于传统小波及Contourlet去噪效果。     

综合目标区域颜色特征与纹理的图像检索

本文是基于目标区域的图像检索,首先将图像进行增强,将增强后的图像利用直方图确定图像的目标区域,然后结合目标区域的纹理特征对图像进行检索。该方法客服了单一的颜色特征忽视图像空间信息的缺点,颜色和纹理相结合达到了较好的检索效果。     

基于多特征融合的图像检索方法

提出了一种综合颜色直方图和彩色共生矩阵相结合的彩色图像检索方法.首先,对彩色图像进行量化,并利用直方图计算图像之间的欧式距离;然后,利用彩色共生矩阵提取图像的纹理特征并计算图像之间的欧式距离;最后,利用综合加权的颜色特征和纹理特征实现图像检索.实验结果表明,与直方图和灰度共生矩阵相比,该方法能较好地满足用户需求,具有较高的检索性能.     

基于多特征融合的图像检索方法

提出了一种综合颜色直方图和彩色共生矩阵相结合的彩色图像检索方法.首先,对彩色图像进行量化,并利用直方图计算图像之间的欧式距离;然后,利用彩色共生矩阵提取图像的纹理特征并计算图像之间的欧式距离;最后,利用综合加权的颜色特征和纹理特征实现图像检索.实验结果表明,与直方图和灰度共生矩阵相比,该方法能较好地满足用户需求,具有较高的检索性能.     

基于目标区域颜色与纹理特征的图像检索

该文提出一种基于目标区域的图像检索方法。该方法首先利用色度直方图完成对图像目标区域的提取；然后以目标区域的纹理特征作为全局图像的特征向量进行图像间相似度的检索。该方法综合利用了图像的颜色及纹理特征，并根据人的视觉习惯以图像目标区域的特征作为图像的检索特征。实验表明，该方法在检索效果和检索效率上都优于利用单一特征或全局特征的检索技术。     

基于DCT系数和颜色直方图的图像检索

为有效描述图像的形状、纹理和颜色特征,提出一种基于DCT系数统计特征和颜色直方图的图像检索.首先,将图像中像素点颜色值在RGB颜色空间中量化到64色颜色空间,构建彩色图像的颜色直方图用于描述图像的颜色特征.然后,将图像划分为8×8子块,分别对各子块进行DCT变换.最后,根据各子块的DCT系数获得其两个统计特征,其一是计算各子块DCT系数的均值和方差,构建均值-方差直方图用于描述图像的纹理特征,另一个是根据各子块的前9个AC系数构建AC系数差值直方图用于描述图像的局部形状特征.结合颜色直方图、均值-方差直方图和AC系数差值直方图构成图像检索的特征向量.实验结果表明,算法有效描述了图像的形状、纹理和颜色特征,查全率和查准率均有提高,检索性能较优.     

多尺度和多方向特征的图像去噪

提出一种基于多尺度和多方向的自适应图像阈值去噪方法。先对图像进行非下采样Contourlet变换得到不同尺度和不同方向上的变换系数,然后根据变换系数特征,引入尺度和方向阈值因子,用分解尺度系数的均值和区域能量表示图像的纹理信息。在相同分解尺度下,区域能量越大,表示该方向具有更多的纹理信息,阈值应该设置就越低,反之阈值就越大。根据尺度和方向阈值因子,自适应地确定图像去噪的阈值。最后对变换系数进行反变换,实现图像去噪。实验结果表明,与小波变换和Contourlet变换相比,保留了更多的图像轮廓细节,提高了图像的质量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.