用轴向浓度剖面拟合填料萃取塔轴向返混准数的方法

传统的萃取塔中的扩散模型均假设以轴向的体积传质系数为常数，本研究通过实验和分析文献的数据发现，作为填料萃取塔，轴向的体积传质系数是 ，而且塔底和塔顶相差较大，同时提出了体积传质胡轴向变化的扩散模型，并拟合出了模型的返混准数。     

C8芳烃吸附分离过程模型化及仿真

针对C8芳烃模拟移动床吸附分离过程,在严格分析系统机理的基础上,建立了动态混合池模型。该模型采用了等效连续逆流移动吸附建模方法,并考虑了床层轴向返混。根据装置操作条件,采用了液固吸附线性传质推动力模型和线性吸附等温线模型。仿真结果表明了该模型的有效性。     

湍动流化床中的气体返混

在内径２００ｍｍ，高５５００ｍｍ的流化床实验装置上，用氧气，点源示踪、均时取样的方法，对湍动流化床中的气体返混进行了测定。实验结果表明湍动床存在着明显的轴向返混，轴向扩散系数与气速有关。用拟均相一维扩散模型进行处理，线性回归法求取模型参数，并将轴向扩散系数进行关联，可得到相应的关联式。     

木糖—山梨糖在色谱柱内的质量传递系数测定

用惰性物质为示踪剂，采用扰动－应答技术测定了固定床的轴向返混系数与传质系数。静态法测定了木糖－山梨糖在７３２型阳离子交换树脂上的吸附平衡关系。实验结果表明，在低浓度下相平衡关系为线性；同时从时间域法处理实验数据的结果看出，随着流动相的流速加大，轴向扩散系数和时间总传质系数亦相应增大。     

小颗粒滴流床反应器中液相轴向返混的研究

对三种形状六种尺寸的小颗粒填料,在滴流床中气液两相并流向下流动时液相的轴向返混程度作了研究。实验表明:随着液速的增加,填料颗粒的毕克力Pe_L值增大,返混程度降低;填料颗粒的球形度越小,Pe_L值就越小,返混程度就越大;填料颗粒的尺寸对返混也有影响,尤其是对非球形颗粒,尺寸越大,则Pe_L值越大。当气液两相流速不断增大时,床层中的流动状态从滴流区转变为脉动区,则液体性质对Pe_L值的影响也不同。给出了两个流区的Pe_L关联式。     

规整装填滴流床反应器实验

利用空气／水为物系，研究了规整装填滴流床内的液体流率分布、压降、持液量和返混，实验结果表明，规整装填比散装颗粒床层的流体分布性能明显改善，持液量基本不变，说明规整装填形式具有一定的优越性，但返混程度略有增大。     

规整填料塔内气相流动的计算流体力学模拟

通过引入表征体元的概念，采用体积平均的方法，使规整填料塔内的非连续介质连续化，建立了规整填料塔内气相单相流的体积平均连续性方程、运动方程和质量传递方程；用PHOENICS3．3对规整填料塔内气相单相流的速度分布和质量分数分布进行了模拟，给出了xz剖面的压力分布图、xz和xy剖面的速度分布图和不同时刻xz剖面的示踪剂浓度分布图；模拟结果能反映规整填料内气体的流动情况．结果表明：在压力小于2．0MP。时，气相轴向返混系数基本不受压力的影响，且随着有效气速的增加，其明显增加；轴向返混系数的模拟值与实验值的相对偏差小于40％．     

多层百页窗式挡板三相流化床中液体流动模型

在矩形气液固三相流化床反应器中,采用脉冲应答技术,考察了挡板结构、气液流量、固体浓度对床层液体混合行为的影响.分别用多釜串联模型与轴向扩散模型描述挡板下方区域与挡板段的液体混合行为,应用矩量法及根据实验数据回归,得到了表征液相返混程度的模型参数的经验关联式.     

良导体导热系数实验的误差分析

通过对良导体轴向导热系数测量方法的研究，分析了本实验方法存在的误差。当考虑导体的侧向辐射和对流换热时，可使导体轴向导热系数测量值更加接近于实际值。     

磁性液体奇异的传热特性

磁性液体相比于传统的传热流体来说具有较高的导热性能和传热性能,其流动和传热过程还可以通过磁场控制,因此,磁性液体为强化传热带来了新的机遇,众多研究学者对磁性液体的传热特性进行了研究.通过对近年来有关磁性液体传热特性方面的研究进行整理和分析,总结了磁性液体导热系数和对流传热的实验研究方法,得到了不同的磁性颗粒参数、温度和磁场等因素对磁性液体传热特性的影响;详细阐述了磁性液体在有无磁场下导热系数的研究结果,并对影响导热系数的机理进行了归纳;阐述了磁性液体的对流传热在实验和数值研究方面的进展;指出了磁性液体在传热特性研究方面的进一步工作方向,并对磁性液体在强化传热和传热设备中的应用进行了展望.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.