HAT/两级BAF处理中药综合废水

在分析现有处理工艺及废水特性的基础上,采用水解酸化(HAT)-两级曝气生物滤池(BAF)对衡阳中药厂综合废水处理进行了研究,并用活性炭对生化处理出水进行了深度处理.结果表明,22天可完成生物膜培养,水解酸化可较大地提高废水的可生化性,系统水力停留时间(HRT)从12 h增至28 h时,污染物去除率提高,出水水质变好.当HRT为24 h,进水COD、BOD、SS和色度为1600 mg.L-1、780 mg.L-1、275 mg.L-1和270倍时,BAFII出水分别为91 mg.L-1、20 mg.L-1、65 mg.L-1和70倍,相应的去除率为94.3%、97.4%、76.4%、74.1%,出水达到GB8978-1996二级标准,活性柱出水可达到回用.水解酸化-两级曝气生物滤池工艺在类似中药废水处理中的应用前景好.     

两种不同填料BAF进行污水深度处理的效能及运行特性

填料性能对曝气生物滤池的处理效能、基建投资和运行费用等有着重要的影响，为了考察国产球形生物陶粒在污水深度处理中的应用效果，探讨其工程应用前景，对国产球形生物陶粒和进口专利填料BIOLITES在曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理城市污水厂二级出水的应用效果及反应器运行特征进行了对比研究。试验结果表明，国产球形生物陶粒与进口专利BIOLITES填料BAF对城市污水厂二级出水中COD、浊度和NH3-N的去除效能基本相同，平均去除率与水力停留时间呈正相关关系，当水力停留时间为2h时，两种填料BAF处理水水质均满足生活杂用水水质标准。国产球形生物陶粒BAF在运行周期和反冲洗等方面比进口专利BIOLITES填料稍具优势。     

铝铁/高锰酸钾复配药剂深度处理城镇污水研究

针对城镇污水回用技术的处理要求和特点,研究了自制铝铁/高锰酸钾复配药剂对城镇污水深度处理的效果和机理,提出了最佳工艺组合.结果表明:当药剂投加量为90mg·L-1,絮凝时间为15 min,絮凝搅拌强度为120r·min-1,沉淀时间为30 min时,浊度去除率为95%,化学需氧量(COD)去除率达到75%,总磷去除率达到98%.此外,为使出水满足城市污水回用标准,研究了复配药剂的投加量与不同水质COD去除率的关系,并得出二者之间的线性关系,药剂费用约为0.03～0.07元·m-3.     

盐度对DMBR处理养殖废水脱氮效能的影响

采用动态膜生物反应器(DMBR)处理养殖废水,考察盐度为0～3 000mg·L-1时动态膜生物反应器的脱氮效能.结果表明:DMBR对养殖废水的CODMn和NH3-N的去除效果保持稳定,分别为93%,87%左右;在盐度提高到1 000mg·L-1后,DMBR内反硝化速率明显提高,对NO3-N的去除率提高到97%,总氮去除率也达到94%.在盐度为0～3 000mg·L-1下,DMBR处理养殖废水的出水水质达到SC/T 9101-2007《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》中的一级排放标准.     

MBR在炼油污水深度处理中的应用

介绍了一体式膜生物反应器(MBR)深度处理炼油污水的工艺特点和去污效能.试验结果表明:MBR深度处理炼油污水出水水质好,CODCr、NH3-N分别可低至25 mg/L、3 mg/L以下,平均去除率分别高达82.55%,90.10%;出水的油类,SS,浊度分别在1.85 mg/L、1.4 mg/L、0.5 NTU以下,出水各项指标均达到了国家循环冷却水的用水要求.     

ABR-人工湿地组合工艺处理生活污水

研究厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)与人工湿地(constructed wetland)的组合工艺处理低浓度生活污水的运行特点及效果.结果表明:ABR的最佳停留时间(HRT)为12 h,COD的平均去除率为76%;人工湿地的最佳HRT为4 d.ABR-人工湿地组合工艺COD总去除率平均为89%,出水COD浓度为42~51 mg.L-1;对BOD5的总去除率达到95%,出水浓度低于11.2 mg.L-1;对SS的总去除率达到95%以上,出水SS浓度平均为9.1 mg.L-1;对氨氮有明显的去除效果,总去除率平均为66.8%,出水氨氮浓度低于15 mg.L-1.各项出水水质除氨氮外均满足GB18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级B标准.ABR-人工湿地组合工艺可作为农村生活污水的处理工艺推广使用.     

油田含聚合物污水外排处理技术室内模拟研究

聚合物驱油技术大面积应用的同时也产生了含聚丙烯酰胺污水的处理问题.含聚污水具有粘度大、含油多、乳化稳定的特点,传统的污水处理方法及设施难以使该污水处理达到外排水水质的标准.用气浮+生物接触氧化法对孤岛油田含聚污水进行处理,首先利用气浮去除悬浮油和大部分聚合物,然后利用生物接触氧化膜上的烃类降解菌和聚丙烯酰胺降解菌组成的高效降解菌群的生物降解作用去除乳化油和残余的聚合物.研究结果表明:孤岛含聚污水经气浮+生物接触氧化法处理后含油量由300mg·L-1以上降至4mg·L-1以下,CODCr由1 700 mg·L-1以上降至100 mg·L-1以下,聚丙烯酰胺的含量由40 mg·L-1以上降到1.5 mg·L-1以下.出水水质完全达到国标GB8978-1996<污水综合排放标准>规定的一级排放标准.     

剩余污泥减量化的初步试验研究

通过向处理系统中投加填料对污泥减量的效果进行了研究.试验结果表明:投加填料后处理系统的污泥浓度平均值为3 509 mg/L,出水CODCr平均值为42 mg/L,CODCr平均去除率为88%;未投加填料处理系统的污泥浓度平均值为4 815 mg/L,出水CODCr平均值为77 mg/L,CODCr平均去除率为77%.投加填料处理系统的污泥浓度、出水CODCr值均低于未投加填料的处理系统,因此是一种可行的剩余污泥减量方法.     

MBBR工艺对制革废水进行深度处理的试验研究

采用MBBR工艺对制革废水进行深度处理,研究结果表明:MBBR工艺具有良好的生物硝化效果。由于制革废水中含有约200mg/L的难降解CODcr,这使得CODcr的总去除率只能维持在30%左右。当填料填充率为13.3%,CODcr填料表面负荷为1gCOD/m2·d,氨氮填料表面负荷为0.4gNH3-N/m2·d时,CODcr,NH3-N以及TN的去除率分别达到27.4%,79.1%和32.3%。     

壳聚糖絮凝剂对焦化废水生化出水的COD去除研究

采用壳聚糖对经过A/O生物处理后的焦化废水进行深度处理,考察pH值和投药量对混凝作用的影响。焦化废水生化出水的CODCr为367 mg·L-1,浊度为44 NTU,色度为75。通过对不同pH值(4~10)的混凝实验可以看出,当pH值为6时相同投药量下焦化废水生化出水的色度、浊度以及CODCr去除率达到最佳。当絮凝剂的投药量达到10 mg·L-1时各项指标的去除率最高,其色度、浊度和CODCr去除率分别为66.67%、50%和68%。最终出水达到了国家排放标准。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.