电弧炉粉尘直接还原炉渣氧化和脱硫能力计算热力学

电孤炉炼钢粉尘中含有多种重金属，若填埋弃置会对环境造成污染．将粉尘与还原剂碳粉混合制粒后返回电弧炉，并补充硅铁还原粉尘中难还原的金属，有价金属还原后回收于钢液中，不仅能生产不锈钢或特种钢，而且能保护环境．制粒时使用木质磺酸钙作为粘结剂，而木质磺酸钙中含有硫，可能影响钢材质量，影响程度取决于冶炼过程中炉渣的条件．经改变初始熔铁、球团、硅铁和石灰加入的量比关系进行实验，采用X射线荧光分析仪检测炉渣成分进行计算热力学研究，确定了1550℃时CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe     

水泥固化铅污染土的碳化机理及碳化度评价

为了探究水泥固化处理重金属污染场地在碳化作用下的微观结构演变规律及碳化度表征指标,选取典型加速碳化7d后的铅污染土试样进行分析.采用X射线衍射、电镜扫描和热重分析等测试方法,分析了碳化作用对矿物成分、铅的赋存形态、孔隙分布特征及孔隙溶液pH值的影响规律.结果表明:固化重金属污染土中Pb主要以硅酸盐、氢氧化物等化学沉淀的形式被固定;碳化作用下水泥水化产物氢氧化钙和水化硅酸钙逐渐转化为摩尔体积更大的CaCO3和含硅凝胶,导致固化土总孔隙体积减小;固化污染土碳化度随试样深度的增大而减小,碳化部分的碳化度介于24％～28％之间,未碳化部分的碳化度介于0～3％之间;碳化度与孔隙溶液pH值成良好的线性关系.测量孔隙溶液pH值可间接评价水泥固化铅污染黏性土的碳化度.     

皮革厂和线路板厂水处理污泥的固化和浸出毒性研究

工业危险固体废物在进行安全填埋前，需要进行固化／稳定化处理，文章针对皮革厂和线路板厂含重金属的水处理污泥用不同比例的水泥、粉煤灰进行固化／稳定化处理，为模仿酸雨环境，浸出实验采用TCLP标准，线路板厂污泥单独固化时，其漫出液铜离子浓度由2．580mg／L下降为315mg/L，但仍高于危险废物允许进入填埋区的控制限值(50mg／L)，线路板厂污泥与皮革厂污泥混合后固化，浸出毒性明显降低，铜离子的浸出浓度降到1．9mg／L，大大低于国家危险废物允许进入填埋区的控制限值，可直接进行填埋。     

废干电池中不可回收再利用物质的无害化处置技术研究

文章研究了采用湿法工艺回收废干电池中Ni、Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Ag等过程中产生的不可再利用物质的无害化处置技术的条件和效果。实验结果证明,净化废水所产生的污泥、碳粉粉尘及残渣经固化填埋处理,可达到危险废物安全填埋标准要求,产生的废水采用PAFCS净水剂净化后,可达到国家污水综合排放一级标准要求。     

钻井废物的固化处理

本文在分析钻井废物特性的基础上,选用水泥基和石灰基两种固化体系,以烟灰、蒙脱土为添加剂进行固化试验。实验表明,经处理后的钻井废物,重金属格和COD的浸出量都降低了95%以上,产物稳定性好,从而能减少它时环境的污染。文中还讨论了影响固化效果的一些因素。     

固化/稳定化重金属污染土力学及浸出特性试验研究

为解决传统固化剂在固化/稳定化法处理重金属复合污染土和重度污染土方面存在的不足,研发了一种新型固化剂。以人工制备的Pb、Cd、Cu复合重金属污染土壤为研究对象,开展了室内无侧限抗压强度试验、毒性浸出试验。在此基础上分析了固化体力学特性、浸出特性等随养护龄期、污染土粒径、重金属污染水平的变化规律。以某金矿区三处重金属污染土壤为治理对象,开展了相关测试,验证了新型固化剂对于重金属污染土的固化效果。研究表明：新型固化剂对于复合重金属污染土和重度污染土的效果较好;固化体无侧限抗压强度随养护龄期的增加而增大,随重金属污染水平、污染土粒径的增加而降低,固化体强度达17.35-33.45 MPa,均能满足固废填埋标准及建筑材料强度要求;重金属浸出浓度随养护龄期的增加而降低,随着污染土粒径和污染水平的增加而增加,浸出浓度均远低于（<0.1%）浸出安全标准限值,固化率>99.99%。所研发的高效重金属污染土固化剂,可用于重金属污染场地的固化修复及资源化利用。     

电镀行业污染土固化体无侧限抗压强度演化规律研究

电镀行业在生产过程中会对周边区域的土壤造成严重的重金属污染。以电镀行业重金属复合污染土壤为研究对象,选用水泥作为固化/稳定化胶凝材料对污染土进行固化稳定化处理,以污染土固化体的无侧限抗压强度(UCS)为目标,通过对固化材料配比的优化,在实验室中对不同养护龄期重金属污染土固化体的UCS进行了测试,并通过X射线衍射分析,探讨了重金属对固化体强度的影响及水泥对重金属的稳定化机理。结果表明：材料配比优化后的重金属污染土固化体在养护3天时的UCS即可满足EPA的推荐值;重金属离子会在养护初期(1天)对水泥的水化形成明显的阻滞作用,从而使固化体在养护初期的UCS显著降低;此外,重金属离子会使水泥的水化向次级反应进行,生成强度较低的钙钒石,并降低固化体在整个养护期内的UCS;水泥的水化反应对于重金属Pb的稳定化作用除了会使其转化氢氧化物的沉淀之外,还会使其转化为稳定的化合物。     

成分对垃圾飞灰熔融过程重金属迁移的影响

熔融处理可以有效控制垃圾焚烧飞灰中的重金属污染 ,飞灰成分对重金属的迁移特性有重要影响 ,研究了飞灰成分和碱度对 6种重金属迁移固化的影响规律。在自行设计的小型实验台上开展飞灰熔融实验 ,飞灰碱度在 0 .6～4 .6范围内变化。为评价多种重金属综合固化效果提出一个简明的评价模型。在 14 6 0℃、空气气氛下熔融处理时 ,加入Ca O后除了 Cd外各种重金属的固化率均下降 ,而加入 Si O2后多数金属固化率增加。存在一个临界碱度值可以实现重金属的最佳固化 ,实验得到的临界碱度在 1.0附近     

电镀行业污染土固化体无侧限抗压强度演化规律

电镀行业在生产过程中会对周边区域的土壤造成严重的重金属污染。以电镀行业重金属复合污染土壤为研究对象,选用水泥作为固化/稳定化胶凝材料对污染土进行固化稳定化处理,以污染土固化体的无侧限抗压强度(UCS)为目标,通过对固化材料配比的优化,在实验室中对不同养护龄期重金属污染土固化体的UCS进行了测试,并通过X射线衍射分析,探讨了重金属对固化体强度的影响及水泥对重金属的稳定化机理。结果表明:材料配比优化后的重金属污染土固化体在养护3 d时的UCS即可满足EPA的推荐值。重金属离子会在养护初期(1 d)对水泥的水化形成明显的阻滞作用,从而使固化体在养护初期的UCS显著降低;此外,重金属离子会使水泥的水化向次级反应进行,生成强度较低的钙钒石,并降低固化体在整个养护期内的UCS;水泥的水化反应对于重金属Pb的稳定化作用除了会使其转化为氢氧化物的沉淀之外,还会使其转化为稳定的化合物。     

磨72井回注站含油含硫污泥固化治理技术

油气田生产中都会产生大量的各种含油污泥,其会对环境造成污染。采用固化的方法对磨72井回注站产生的含油含硫污泥治理进行了研究,实验研究表明采用适宜的固化剂配方能够对含油含硫污泥进行固化作业,且其固化物的浸出物浓度和抗压强度均能满足安全填埋要求。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.