混凝土收缩徐变预测模型试验研究

对长期观测的混凝土收缩徐变试验结果与不同规范模型的预测结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:在恒温恒湿环境下,收缩徐变在前期发展较快,后期逐渐变缓,270 d后变化较小;长期观测的混凝土收缩徐变试验结果与不同规范模型的预测结果存在差异,CEB—FIP(1990)模型预测混凝土收缩应变和ACI 209R(1992)模型预测混凝土徐变系数的整体效果较好,而ACI 209R(1992)模型的收缩应变预测值和JTJ 023—85模型的徐变系数预测值与试验结果偏离较大。根据混凝土收缩徐变试验结果,引入混凝土收缩修正系数和徐变修正系数对JTG D62—2004预测模型进行修正,构建恒温恒湿环境下混凝土收缩应变、徐变系数的修正预测模型,提高混凝土收缩徐变预测模型的预测精度。     

钢管膨胀混凝土收缩应变计算模型

在室内自然环境下对3个混凝土圆柱体进行长期收缩变形试验研究,并采用最小二乘法对试验数据进行非线性拟合分析,研究钢管混凝土收缩机理。在钢管混凝土收缩机理研究基础上提出钢管膨胀混凝土收缩应变计算模型。研究结果表明:掺合膨胀剂对素混凝土初期(1 0 0 d内)收缩应变抑制较大,对后期收缩应变影响较小;对钢管混凝土收缩应变初期(3 0 0 d内)影响较大,初期收缩应变几乎不变;钢管混凝土收缩应变主要是核心混凝土自发收缩产生的,自发收缩应变约为1×1 0-4;计算模型考虑了膨胀剂含量、混凝土强度等级、水泥品种和养护方法对核心混凝土收缩影响,该计算模型可预估钢管膨胀混凝土收缩变形规律。     

高石粉含量灰岩人工砂混凝土的收缩及其预测模型

人工砂制备过程中不可避免地会产生大量的石粉,这些石粉会对混凝土的性能产生重要影响.试验研究了7种石粉含量(12%、15%、18%、20%、22%、25%、28%)的人工砂混凝土的收缩性能,根据试验结果评估了目前4种常用的混凝土收缩预测模型,即中国建科院模型(1986)、CEBFIP模型(1990)、GZ 1993模型以及GL 2000模型的适用性.结果表明,GZ 1993和GL 2000收缩模型的预测结果与试验结果较为吻合.在此基础上,引入石粉影响系数分别对GZ 1993和GL 2000模型进行修正,建立了高石粉含量人工砂混凝土的收缩预测模型.     

钢渣沥青混凝土渗透、压缩及耐久性试验研究

路面是道路结构的重要组成部分,随着运行车辆的增加以及长时间的使用,各级公路路面都会出现不同程度的损坏。用钢渣代替传统碎石材料,通过对AC-13、AC-16和AC-20三种级配的钢渣沥青混凝土进行渗水试验、单轴压缩试验以及疲劳寿命试验,分析不同级配对钢渣沥青混凝土的渗透性、压缩性及耐久性的影响。结果表明,用钢渣代替碎石作为沥青混合料的骨料是可行的;随着沥青混合料骨料最大公称直径增加,钢渣沥青混凝土的渗水系数增大,抗压强度及抗压模量均降低,初始劲度模量增加,疲劳寿命次数减少;油石比越大,抗压强度越低。因此,应控制大粒径骨料及沥青的用量,提高钢渣沥青混凝土的路用性能。     

混凝土圆柱体早期收缩徐变性能试验研究

通过恒温恒湿条件下对素混凝土徐变柱在不同加载龄期下进行短期持荷试验,得到了混凝土圆柱体早期收缩徐变规律,对比了不同加载龄期下混凝土圆柱体早期徐变性能差异性.试验表明:混凝土早期收缩应变随时间逐步增大,收缩应变率变化较小,早期体外收缩应变较体内收缩应变要大,体内外收缩应变差值随着时间有增大趋势;混凝土早期徐变系数随持荷时间而增大,徐变增长速率逐步减小,混凝土圆柱体体内实测徐变系数较体外实测徐变系数偏小;在持荷初期阶段,加载龄期越大,徐变系数越小,徐变系数增长速率越快.     

用沥青砼罩面的碾压砼路面板温度应力分析

根据用沥青混凝土罩面的碾压混凝土复合式路面结构温度场分析结果，用三维有限元法分析用沥青混凝土砼罩面的碾压混凝土路面板温度应力，探讨沥青混凝土罩面层厚度，碾压混凝土线胀缩系数，板长和板厚对温度应力的影响。文中最后给出了用沥青混凝土罩面的碾压混凝土板温度翘曲应力系数，可供工程设计参考。     

粗集料对水泥混凝土热工参数的影响

基于改进的光杠杆系统和护热平板法测定了水泥混凝土的线膨胀系数和导热系数,分析了粗集料类型以及粗集料含量对二者的影响．研究结果表明,粗集料类型不同时,集料本身的线膨胀系数越大,该种集料的混凝土线膨胀系数也越大,导热系数的变化规律也相同;粗集料类型相同时,线膨胀系数随粗集料含量的增加而增大,而导热系数在一定范围内随粗集料含量的增加而减小．此外,在10～50℃范围内逐级升高或降低相同温度时,混凝土膨胀量大致相同,膨胀量对不同温度区间的敏感性无明显差异．     

中高应变率下沥青混凝土动力增长系数研究

为研究沥青混凝土材料在强动载条件下的动态性能,采用液压伺服试验机和霍普金森压杆(SHPB)对沥青混凝土进行了不同应变率下的压缩试验,得出了中高应变率下沥青混凝土材料的动力增长系数(DIF)和材料的动态应力-应变关系曲线.运用考虑应变率效应的弹塑性损伤模型对沥青混凝土的SHPB试验进行模拟,并通过室内试验确定本构模型中的关键参数,如强度面曲线和损伤因子等.结果表明:采用液压伺服仪和SHPB可以有效地得出沥青混凝土在中高应变率下的动力增长系数,沥青混凝土抗压强度随着应变率的提高而增加;采用室内试验可以快速准确地确定弹塑性本构模型中的相关参数,用以表述沥青混凝土的应力-应变关系;当数值模拟中采用SHPB试验中获取的动力增长系数时,将导致惯性效应的重复,故对沥青混凝土材料进行高应变率下数值模拟时,应不考虑SHPB试验中由于环向惯性效应所引起的那部分动力增长系数,即需要对SHPB试验所得的动力增长系数做修正.     

沥青含量影响沥青混凝土应力应变关系的探讨

依据高精度测试设备对沥青混凝土压缩试验，研究了沥青含量对沥青混凝土应力应变关系的影响，探讨了沥青混凝土应力应变关系和设计强度问题。     

沥青混凝土表面抗滑与渗水性能的试验研究

通过大量室内试验研究了矿料级配、沥青用量、粗集料磨耗值等因素对沥青混凝土表面抗滑及渗水性能的影响。进行了不同级配、不同沥青用量、不同粗集料的沥青混凝土的表面构造深度、摆值和渗水系数的室内试验。分析了沥青混凝土的表面抗滑与渗水性能的影响因素,并找出了抗滑性能与渗水性的关系,提出了沥青混合料设计的基本要求。研究表明,选择质地坚硬、磨耗值小的粗集料配置的沥青混合料,可以提高沥青混合料的表面抗滑性能;综合考虑沥青混合料的耐久性和表面抗滑性能,选择合理的沥青用量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with