住区环境中"绿色设计"理念

绿色住区环境是一种以生态学的基本原理为指导,规划、建设、经营、管理的城镇人居环境.当前,绿色住区环境建设将"改善住区环境生活质量"为目标,努力营造出一个以"生命,活力,健康发展"为指导的住区环境.文章从几个方面探讨了现代住区环境中的"绿色设计"理念.     

南宁市生态住区发展能力的综合评价

建设生态住区是南宁市实现“森林城市”战略目标的重要组成部分.文章以南宁市城区的六个区为评价单元,建立南宁市生态住区的发展能力评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确定权重,利用加权函数法计算综合评价分值,然后根据分值将南宁市六个区分为生态住区建设能力较强、一般和较弱三个不同类型,最后针对该地区的实际情况提出增强南宁市生态住区发展能力的对策.     

对城镇住区规划管理的探讨

结合实际,提出了提高小城镇规划建设管理水平的对策与措施。针对城镇住区建设中出现的新趋向,从土地使用、开放空间和绿地系统、交通与停车、建筑形态及组合、公共服务设施与建筑小品等方面探讨了城镇住区规划管理的基本思路和方法。     

中国城市住区CO_2排放量计算方法

为研究中国城市住区全寿命周期CO2排放情况,综合考虑住区住宅建筑排放量和绿地吸收量,提出计算方法,并以北京为例选择典型多层住区单元地块进行计算,讨论减排方法和减排潜力。计算结果表明:在现行规范、现有能源结构和技术水平下,案例住区建筑CO2排放量中约3%可由住区绿地吸收。通过推行节能措施和利用可再生能源,可实现减排约50%。而实现住区零排放,则需要从城市整体角度大量依靠郊区森林碳汇资源。     

沈阳市浑河滨水住区设计探究

以沈阳市浑河滨水住区为研究对象．讨论了住区设计面临的问题与矛盾，结合正在进行的浑河滨水住区开发和建设实践，分析研究解决滨水住区现存问题的对策与措施，对将来的发展规划和建设提出一些意见和建议。     

基于人群疏散行为的西南山地城镇住区安全韧性提升对策

该研究采用人群疏散模拟来评估山地住区的疏散能力和现行灾害响应预案,从建筑布局形式、路网结构、出入口分布和绿地形态等方面出发,基于模拟结果提出了人群的疏散组织方案。采用线程代理模型开展了人群疏散模拟,基于潜在路径、空间围合程度和绿地空间布局3个变量设立了对比组,分析了总体耗时、累计路径、拥堵特征和不同路段的人数变化,总结了山地空间结构对人群疏散行为和总体安全的影响机制,为中国西南山地城镇住区的疏散安全规划和适灾性设计提供了支撑。     

基于综合指数法的中小城市住区综合经济技术指标研究:兼议与特大城市比较

以信阳市和西安市为例,基于住区现状调查数据,运用综合指数法解析中小城市住区特征,并与特大城市进行比较﹒研究结论:构建了住区综合经济技术指标体系;中小城市与特大城市的住区存在差异;在"高强度、高密度"的住区规划趋势下,亟需关注人居环境﹒     

以人为本的住区规划策略

文章阐述了居住区规划的目的和概念,简要介绍了以人为本的住区规划的策略,以期给人们提供一种适合我国国情的建立以人为本和谐住区的可操作方法。     

寒地城市广场绿化设计探讨

针对寒地城市因其特殊的气候特征,在一定程度上使寒地城市公共空间吸引力下降这一问题,阐述了广场作为城市室外公共空间的重要形式之一,其合理科学的设计有助于寒地城市环境质量的提高。以寒地城市广场绿化设计为出发点,分析了寒地城市广场绿化设计的特质及人们在广场中的活动规律和行为需求,提出了对于寒地广场绿化设计的一些想法。     

促进休闲体力活动的住区空间特征解析: 以邯郸市安居工程为例

为探索促进居民休闲体力活动(LTPA)的多层住区建成环境空间特征,以邯郸市安居工程的4个多层住区为研究对象,采用实地踏勘、问卷调查及SPSS数据分析等研究方法进行了相关性分析.结果表明:休闲体力活动空间的组织特性、物理属性及空间特征3种建成环境因素与居民LTPA水平呈显著正相关;合理的组织空间分布和安全美观适宜的建成环...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the