一种基于无线传感器网络的分布式目标跟踪算法

将无线传感器网络与接收信号强度指示测距技术相结合,研究了移动目标的分布式跟踪算法。根据传感器节点与移动目标的相对位置,将节点动态组织成簇,簇头节点作为簇的数据处理中心,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波形成对移动目标位置的本地估计。随着目标的移动,本地估计在簇头节点间传递。仿真结果表明,基于无线传感器网络的分布式目标跟踪算法在精度、收敛性和实时性等方面达到很好的跟踪效果。     

改进LEACH的传感器网络分簇路由算法

针对当前无线传感器网络分簇路由算法存在的节点能耗不平均、 节点过早死亡等缺陷, 提出一种改进低功耗自适应分簇(LEACH)的无线传感器网络路由算法. 首先针对无线传感器节点过早死亡的问题, 引入簇半径动态确定方式, 将整个无线传感器网络划分为多个不均匀的簇; 然后考虑簇首能量消耗过快的问题, 结合簇首所在位置和节点剩余能量选择每轮中的簇首; 最后改进数据传输机制保证节点能量消耗均衡, 并在MATLAB 2014平台上对无线传感器网络分簇路由算法的性能进行测试. 测试结果表明, 改进LEACH算法较好地解决了节点过早死亡的难题, 延长了无线传感器网络的寿命, 平衡了各节点能量消耗, 整个无线传感器网络的性能显著优于其他对比算法.     

基于虚拟力的无线传感器网络分簇部署策略

为提高大规模密集部署的无线传感器网络节点覆盖率,提出了一种基于虚拟力的节点分簇动态部署策略.将传统基于虚拟力的节点动态部署分成簇间部署与簇内部署两阶段,以达到打破网络中部节点受力平衡、降低部署过程中簇间干涉、提高节点覆盖率的目的.利用二元感知模型对算法进行仿真,结果表明,相比于传统VPF算法及VFA算法,该策略在随机部署大量密集节点的网络中具有较快的收敛速度与显著的优化效果,覆盖率最终可达90%以上,可以满足无线传感器网络的覆盖控制要求.     

无线传感器网络自适应动态簇目标跟踪策略

考虑到无线传感器网络的特点及目标跟踪对实时性要求较高,提出一种基于动态簇的无线传感器网络目标跟踪策略.当目标出现时,基于节点管理机制采用层次分析法选举簇首,定义节点跟踪权值作为参与跟踪的依据,并建立动态簇.目标监视过程中,根据实际跟踪质量自适应调整动态簇规模;为了避免目标丢失,在自适应机制的基础上提出目标恢复机制.目标离开后,解散动态簇,释放节点资源.采用NS2对所提算法进行仿真测试,结果表明,基于动态簇的跟踪策略能够以较少的通信开销为代价获得很好的目标捕获率.     

一种新的无线传感器网络半动态分簇路由协议

在LEACH分簇算法的基础上,提出一种半动态无线传感器网络分簇路由算法。在半动态分簇算法中,新簇形成之后,不需要更换簇内节点信息而仅改变簇头信息,直至簇内节点死亡率超过30%,再重新进行新一轮簇的形成。仿真结果表明,这种分簇算法在很大程度上提高了整个无线传感器网络的寿命。     

基于负载均衡分簇的无线传感器网络目标跟踪算法

针对无线传感器网络目标跟踪算法节点负载不均衡的现状,结合非线性模型下目标跟踪的研究,提出一种基于负载均衡分簇的无线传感器网络目标跟踪算法.采用分簇时选出高能量簇首,簇间通信时通过辅助簇首多跳通信,在跟踪目标时使用分布式扩展卡尔曼滤波的方法.仿真结果表明:本文算法在多次分簇后有效减少了死亡节点数量降低了节点剩余能量差,与分布式卡尔曼滤波相比降低了跟踪误差.该算法均衡了无线传感器网络节点的负载并提高了非线性模型下目标跟踪的精度,在有限的资源下增加了目标跟踪算法的可靠性.     

无线传感器网络动态调度分簇算法

提出了一种基于K均值的无线传感器网络动态调度分簇算法(DSCA),不但考虑了能量感知这一重要问题,还针对无线传感网络的稳定性和可靠性,提出了节点的同步失效概念,通过采用K均值得到更加平衡的分簇,使得能量消耗更加平衡.该算法发展了一种基于信号接收强度指标(RSSI)而无需知道节点坐标的簇质心求解方法,提出了基于局部信息集中的动态多簇头选举机制和动态时分复用(TDMA)通信轮数分配机制,这些机制使无线传感网络的能量消耗达到了高度均衡,保证了节点的同步失效,提高了传感网络的稳定性和可靠性.仿真结果表明,算法可以减少约70%的簇重构次数.     

基于混沌小生境狼群算法的高密度无线传感器网络高能效分簇方法

无线传感器网络节点能量通常由能量有限的电池供应,如何在对节点进行分簇的同时减小通信能耗是研究中的一个重要问题。提出了一种基于混沌小生境狼群算法的高密度无线传感器网络能量高效分簇方法,通过智能选取簇头位置来降低无线传感器网络的单轮通信能耗。在不同节点数和簇头比例的条件下,分别采用了粒子群算法、量子遗传算法、模拟退火算法和混沌小生境狼群算法进行了无线传感器网络分簇。仿真结果表明,基于混沌小生境狼群算法的无线传感器网络分簇能够有效降低无线传感器网络的整体单轮通信能耗和平均节点通信能耗,有效提升了能量利用效率。     

射频供电异构传感器网络分簇路由算法

在大规模无线传感器网络中,针对无线传感器网络中LEACH分簇路由算法能量消耗不均衡,网络生命周期短等问题,提出了一种基于无线射频能量收集的LEACH异构分簇路由算法(LEACH-RFEH)。该算法根据网络中节点剩余能量和当前无线射频补给能量制定了异构无线传感器网络簇头选取机制,高级节点具有无线射频能量收集功能,具有较高的剩余能量和补给能量的节点有更多的机会当选簇头。仿真结果表明:该算法与传统LEACH算法、SEP算法相比,不仅能够均衡网络消耗,而且可以延长网络的工作时间,具有较好的扩展性。     

一种新的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇算法

为避免无线传感器网络的能量空洞问题, 延长无线传感器网络寿命, 提出一种新的基于双簇头的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇算法. 该算法综合考虑节点剩余能量和节点到基站的距离选举分簇簇头, 将无线传感器网络分为不同规模的簇; 为了减小规模较大簇的簇头节点收集与传输数据的负担, 在数据传输阶段构造基于改进最小二 叉树的数据传输路径. 实验结果表明, 该算法能够有效减小节点能量消耗, 可有效延长无线传感器网络的使用寿命.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to